1、 1 / 19蒋军虎英文写作讲义蒋军虎英文写作讲义 1一、英文考试做题顺序 3二、英文小作文通用要求和注意事项 3三、小作文种类 31，作文通用要求 .32，十种书信 .32.1 书信通用要求:标准格式， 142 阵形 .32.2 求职信、申请信 application letter/cover letter Background: bachelor Master Doctor; work experience: solid foundation(良好的基础);team player, self-motivated, eager to learn(渴望学习)4， Example 2: appl
2、ying letterTo whom it may concern,Im writing the letter for the purpose of applying to be a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.My qualifications, I believe, just amply meet your requirements. In the first place, my specialty, English, is perfectly in agreement with the job. In the second,
3、my previous work experiences as a social volunteer has helped lay a solid foundation for the work here. Moreover, I am a good team player, self-motivated, eager to learn.I would appreciate it a lot if you could schedule an interview for me. Looking forward to hearing from you at your earliest conven
4、ience.Yours truly,Li Ming2.3 推荐信 recommendation letter1, outlineP1【写信目的推荐.在找工作】P2【符合要求. 有经验.有素质. 值得考虑】P3【感谢.期待回应】Para1,S1,recommend to youS2, seek employment as a sales managerPara2,s1,amply meet your requirementsS2, rich experiences, help lay a solid foundationS3,good team player, self-motivated an
5、d eager to learnS4, certain, deserve your considerationPara3,s1, pay due attention, s2, look forward, your reply, at your earliest con-ven-ien-ce2, exampleDear Judy,6 / 19Im writing the letter for the purpose of recommending to your Li Ming, one of my best collages. He is seeking employment as a sal
6、es manager in your company.As far as I know, his qualifications amply meet your requirements. In the first place, his rich experiences as a sales manager has helped lay a solid foundation for the work here. In the second, he is a good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn. Accordingly, Im c
7、ertain that he deserves your consideration.Thanks a lot for paying due attention to the letter. Im looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.Yours truly,Li Ming2.4 辞职信 resignation letter1, Outline:P1【写信目的辞职】P2【不合适.没挑战. 低工资.要辞职】P3【谢机会. 感 sorry】Para1, S1, resign from my current positi
8、onPara2,S1,After several months of work, find it in-appro-priate, take the position,following reasonsS2,expected the job to, be both challenging and rewards, turn out to be the oppositeS3,salary, has proved to be a lot lower, you originally promisedS4, As a result, make up my mind, to quit, after mu
9、ch de-libera-tionPara3,S1,having offered me, the golden oppor-tunity to work, with the outstanding staff hereS2,I am sorry, for any in-con-ven-ience caused.2, Example:Dear Mr. Jack,Im writing the letter for the purpose of resigning from my current position.After several months of work, I find it ina
10、ppropriate for me to take the position as an editor for the following reasons. In the first place, I ever expected the job to be both challenging and rewards which has turned out to be the opposite. In the second, the salary has proved to be a lot lower than you originally promised and I have a larg
11、e family to support. As a result, Ive made up my mind to quit the job after much deliberation.Thanks a lot for having offered me the golden opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here. I sincerely hope you will approve of my resignation. I am genuinely sorry for any inconvenience caused.7 /
12、19Yours truly,Li MingKey words:Resignation 辞职，position 职位, inappropriate 不适合的; challenging 挑战的; offer 提供; golden opportunity 绝佳机会. After much deliberation 深思熟虑2.5 建议信 suggestion letter/advice letter1, outline:P1【写信目的建议】P2【情况危急.必须行动. 公众意识.相关部门. 大众媒体】P3【感谢.期待 】Para1, S1, convey my deepest concern, Par
13、a2,S1, must be pointed out, current situation, is going from bad to worse.S2, accordingly, its urgent, take effective measures.S3,enhance the publics awareness of gravity of it.S4, appeal to, relevant department, set up stick regulations, against itS5, mass media, help devise ways, easing the bad tr
14、endPara3,S1,pay due attentionS2, looking forward, see some new changes2, Example 1: 宏观大建议To whom it may concern,I am writing the letter for the purpose of conveying my deepest concern about the “White paper”.It must be pointed out that the current situation is going from bad to worse. Accordingly, i
15、ts urgent for us to take effective measures. In the first place, we should enhance the publics awareness of the gravity of it. In the second, we should appeal to the relevant department to set up strict regulations against it. For example, changing more on the plastic bags. In addition, mass media s
16、hould help devise ways of easing the bad trend.Thanks a lot for paying due attention to the letter. Looking forward to seeing some new changes in the society soon.Yours truly,Li MingKey words:8 / 19Deepest concern 最深切的关注；convey 表达；suggestion 建议; going bad to worse 变得更坏；effective measure 有效手段; enhanc
17、e 加强; awareness 意识; help devise ways 想方设法; deteriorating 恶化3, Example 2: 具体事件小建议To Sir or Madam,Im a student from the Department of Foreign Languages and I am writing the letter for the purpose of making some suggestions about the librarys service.It must be pointed out that the present situation is
18、 going from bad to worse. Accordingly, its imperative for us to take effective measures. To begin with, why not set up an inquiry desk at the circulation hall? In addition, the students should have access to the latest issues of foreign magazines. Finally, youd better maintain strict order in the re
19、ading room.Thanks a lot for pay due attention to the letter. Looking forward to seeing some new changes in our library room.Yours truly,Li Ming.2.6 感谢信 thanks letter2010 年真题，今年不太可能再考1, OutlinePara1, S1, 写信目的：感谢,thanksPara2,S1,原因 1：友好热情 S2，原因 2：慷慨帮助 S3，原因 3：友谊 S4，内容：感谢方式Para3,S1，再次感谢 S2，祝福Key words:G
20、enerous 慷慨的;2, Example Dear Judy,Im writing the letter for the purpose of conveying my thanks for your warm reception during my recent visit to your country.Your friendly warmth made it possible that I have a pleasant time in America. And it was your generous help that allowed me the chance to know
21、the American culture better. In addition, I consider in an honor for me to make a friends of you. I hope that you would visit our country in due course so that I could enjoy the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.Please accept my sincere thanks. Wish you all the best.9 / 1
22、9Yours truly,Li Ming2.7 祝贺信 congratulation letter1, Outline:P1【写信目的祝贺】P2【得来不易.激动. 值得.鼓励. 骄傲】P3【祝贺.期待】Para1,S1,convey my sincere con-gratu-lationsPara2,S1,how hard youve worked, to attain this goal.S2,imagine your excitement, realize such an ambition.S3, more deserving than youS4, real encouragement,
23、 to see your pains rewarded.Para3,S1, accept my sincere congratulations.S2, wish you still further successKey words:Excitement 激动; attain 取得; ambition 追求; deserve 值得2, example Dear Judy,Im writing the letter for the purpose of expressing my sincere congratulations on your promotion to general manage
24、r of the company.I know how hard youve worked to attain this goal. Therefore, I can imagine your excitement when you realized such an ambition. Indeed, no one could have been more deserving than you. On the other hand, for me, it would be a real encouragement to see your pains rewarded. In short, I
25、take great pride in your achievements.Please accept my sincere congratulations. I wish you still further success.Yours truly,Li Ming2.8 道歉信 apology letter1, outlineP1【写信目的道歉】P2【道歉原因.道歉. 解释，补救】P3【道歉.请求原谅】Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessnessPara2,s1, S2, fell awfully sorryS3, try my be
26、st , as soon as possiblePara3,s1, accept my heartfelt apology,S2, hope you can forgive, for my carelessness10 / 192, exampleDear Judy,Im writing the letter for the purpose of making a sincere apology to you for my carelessness.When I arrived home, I found I had forgotten to return the music CD that
27、you lent me. I fell awfully sorry for this. As I understand this CD is one of your favorites, Ill try my best to send it back as soon as possible.Please accept my heartfelt apology. I genuinely hope you can forgive me for my carelessness.Yours truly,Li Ming2.9 投诉信 complaint letter1, outlineP1【写信目的投诉
28、】P2【道歉原因.道歉. 解释，补救】P3【道歉.请求原谅】Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessness2, exampleTo whom it may concern,Im writing the letter for the purpose of make a complaint about the laptop I bought last week.The reasons for my complaint are as follows. In the first place, the system often broke dow
29、n for no reason, which led to the loss of my key data. In the second, the color of the screen was abnormal and couldnt be adjusted. Accordingly, I find it difficult to go on with my work.My demand is that you should take this matter into serious consideration and give me a satisfactory replay as soo
30、n as possible. At the same time, I genuinely hope to see some improvement in your services.Yours truly,Li Ming2.10 邀请信 invitation letter1, OutlineP1【自我介绍.写信目的邀请】P2【活动介绍. 邀请.活动介绍. 邀请】P3【客套.要求.期待】Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessness2, example11 / 19Dear Sir or Madam,I am head of a hous
31、ehold electric appliance plant, which is a major manufacturer of high-quality recorders. Im writing the letter for the purpose of inviting you to the exclusive presentation of our new models and a reception.The presentation is scheduled to take place at Noble Hotel on the third of January. Ill fell
32、it an honor if you could come. There will also be a reception at the tow p.m. I hope you will attend too.Since your presence is of vital importance to this occasion, I do hope you can make it. Just call our office at 010-69985421, and we will glad to reserve a place for you. Im looking forward to se
33、eing you at that day.Yours truly,Li Ming2.11 介绍信 introduction letter1, outlineP1【写信目的介绍】P2【个人情况.计划. 原因.期待】P3【感谢. 期待】2, exampleDear Judy,Im writing the letter for the purpose of introducing to your Li Ming, one of my best colleagues.Presently he is studying in Si Chuang University. He will graduate i
34、n July and go to America for further study. As it will be the first time for him to study aboard, he will most likely encounter a variety of difficulties. Therefore, he hoped to enjoy your guidance in some ways. I would be most grateful if you could kindly offer help.Thanks a lot for paying due atte
35、ntion to the letter. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours truly,Li Ming.2.12 请求信 introduction letter1. outlineP1【写信目的请求】P2【条件.条件 1.条件 2.计划】P3【感谢.期待】2, exampleTo whom it may concern,Im writing the letter for the purpose of asking you to help find a child in a remote area to offer financial aid.12 /
36、 19My requirements for the candidate are as follows. In the first place, he must be in poverty and truly in need of help. In the second, the child should be self-motivated and eager to learn. In addition, he must be willing to return to his hometown after graduation from university. Form my plant, I
37、 would send him a certain sum of money each term.Thank you for paying due attention to the letter. Im looking forward to your replay.Yours truly,Li Ming3，通知 notice3.1 通知 notice1, outlineP1【通知目的】P2【条件.条件 1.条件 2.条件 3】P3【套话.期待】2, exampleNOTICETo enrich the students campus life, the Postgraduates Associ
38、ation is recruiting volunteers for an international conference on globalization.The requirements for the candidates are as follows. In the first place, the applicants must have outstanding skill at English. In the second, they should be good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn. Last but n
39、ot the least, the students with relevant working experience shall be preferred.Those interested in the activity may sign up with the monitor of their class before the first of Feb. Everybody is welcome to join in it.Postgraduates Association2010.11.283.2 备忘录 Memo1， outlineP1【目的】P2【主题. 条件 1.条件 2】P3【套
40、话. 期待】2, exampleDate: Juanary 15, 2011To: All Students of the English DepartmentFrom: Class Monitor Zhang WeiSubject: Sprint Excursion13 / 19As spring arrives and the weather turns to be agreeable, the department has decided to organize a spring excursion in a suburban country.The activities include
41、 mountain claiming and picnic. All the students of the English department are encouraged to participate. We remind you of the necessity of bring some food and water as well as wearing comfortable shoes.Those interested in this excursion may sign up with the monitor of their class. Everybody is welco
42、me to join in it.3.3 报告 report 1， outlineP1【主题】P2【主题. 条件 1.条件 2】P3【套话. 期待】2, exampleTo: Professor ClintonFrom: zhang weiDate: January 15, 2011Subject: A progress report on graduation researchThis is a report I have to submit to you about my graduation paper.Last week, I gathered information from lib
43、rary and from an interview. Of the twelve references lists on my proposal, I found only nine, for others I will go to search in a larger library.As far as interview concerned, I had an extended interview with Mr. Liming, a professor from Peking University, who was kind enough to give me some brochur
44、es as well as a copy of report on electronic mail. I hope to use in my paper.Starting tomorrow, I will begin organizing my paper. And I can be expected to submit a rough draft by the end of the month.4，摘要写作要点摘要，是用 1500 字左右的中文，摘写 100 字左右的英文，是阅读能力和翻译能力。思路：1 读，2 摘，3 译1 读：浏览各段首句或 2、3 句，不用看完全文2 摘：选摘总结句-或
45、句子中的关键词3 译：对摘的句子做翻译14 / 19摘的要点：文摘句（自选能写的）-句改写（容易翻译的方式）- 句摘词（把复杂的词或句子结构简单化）宗旨：通过摘句、改句、摘词，将难度控制到自己能写的范围内翻译要点：1，分析句子结构，2，确定并翻译句子主干，3，添加句子的枝叶，副词或修饰，4，通读审校。并注意：通用短语不要用单词，增加句子的丰富性。5，小作文考试重点优先级：1,书信 2,通知+备忘 3,报告15 / 19三、大作文模板考试要求：大作文有三类：1，文字情景描述，写评论，2，图表，写评论 3，漫画，写评论三种作文的难度越来越大，相同一个万能模板，只是第一段分为文字开头、图表开头、漫画
46、开头，二、三段不太变化。字数：英语一 200 字，英语二 150 字，只需要酌情增减从句。1，文字情景作文1.1 记忆要点篇章结构：三段论。句子阵形：442。行文思路：总分总。写作要点：背模板，套熟句Outline:第一段：总述形势：P1,S1: :开头是趋势，S2：双方不满意；S3 ：有人要支持，有人抱怨去；S4：我看是好事第二段，提供论据P2,S1: 证据非难事 S2：先经济政治， S2a 调查可证实 S3：再确信好事，S4：并不容忽视第三段，深化认识： P3,S1：结论深了去 S2：公众别怀疑 可选 S3，我信这趋势记忆要点：S1：These days, an increasingly
47、hot issue, among the public that, a growing number of, willing toS2:whenever, come to this subject, spring up opposite voicesS3a:，tend to, view it as a blessing(beneficial), S3b:，claim, its a hellS4:。For my part, incline to support, former viewS1：of no difficulty, put forward several arguments, to a
48、ccount for the phenomenonS2：at the top of the list, rapid development of the economy, steady improvement of living standards, more and more peoplefamily can afford a private carS2a:：According to a recent survey, about 55% of, have such financial resourcesS3：in the second, admit that, to study abroad
49、 to obtain another degree, enrich their experiences enable people to find well-pay job16 / 19S4:：last but not the least, the fact cannot be ignored that, lifelong study has become a must in the current era of knowledge explosion we should keep up with the timesS1: considing what has been argued so far, safely come to the conclusion, trend,S2: accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public, regard it with, too much anxiety.S3: And I firmly believe that, situation, continue for quite a while, in the years to come1.2 作文模板不要写作文题，没有明
