1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版副标题样式* 1GOLD2013解读全球 慢阻肺（ COPD）诊断、管理和预防指南 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.
2、The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.男性： 12.4%女性： 5.1%农村： 7.8%城镇： 8.8%中国 COPD患病率 患病率u 40岁及以上人群： 8.2% (约 4300万 )Zhong et al. AJRCCM 2007;176:753-760This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realiz
3、es the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.COPD将成为全球第三大致死病因19901263109714缺血性心脏病脑血管疾病COPD下呼吸道感染肺癌道路交通事故肺结核胃癌20
4、2012345678WHO Global Burden of Disease studyThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core component
5、s of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.现状 ： COPD未得到充分重视未被认知诊断治疗This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS
6、18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD2013主要内容COPD定义COPD诊断、评估、治疗急性加重期的管理COPD和合并症COPD病因GOLD2013的主要内容COPD稳定期的管理This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which real
7、izes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD2013对于 COPD的定义慢性阻塞性肺病 （ COPD）， 一种 可预防和治疗的 常见疾病，特征是持续性气流受限，通常
8、为进行性，与气道和肺内对有害颗粒或气体的 慢性炎症反应增强相关 。 急性加重和合并症影响患者整体疾病的严重程度。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The co
9、re components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.Pathogenesis of COPDThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature s
10、ensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.肺功能下降呼吸困难急性加重运动耐量下降健康状况恶化死亡气流受限COPD： 一种以炎症为核心 ， 气流受限不完全可逆，并呈进行性加重的疾病粘液纤毛功能障碍结构改变气道炎症 全身效应Agusti. Respir Med 2005;99:670-682.Agusti et al. ERJ 2003;21:347-360.Bern
11、ard et al. AJRCCM 1998;158:629-634.This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the
12、system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.COPD的危险因素n 吸烟和被动吸烟n 室内空气污染n 职业粉尘和化学气体n 室外空气污染n 在妊娠和儿童期任何影响肺脏发育的因素（如低出生体重、呼吸道感染等）n 遗传因素：如 -1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurem
13、ent and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD 2011： COPD诊断标准暴露于危险因素烟草职业室内外污染家族史肺功能测定症状呼吸困难咳嗽咳痰GOLD2009.www.goldcopd.orgThis paper mainly introduce
14、s the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sen
15、sor.肺功能测试n 存在不完全可逆性气流受限n 是诊断 COPD的必备条件n 应用短效支气管扩张剂后 FEVl/FVC%70%可确定为不完全可逆性气流受限n 肺功能检查是诊断COPD的金标准GOLD2009.www.goldcopd.orgThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital
16、 temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD 2011： COPD鉴别诊断诊断 鉴别诊断要点慢性阻塞性肺疾病 中年发病；症状缓慢进展；长期吸烟史；活动后气促；不可逆性气流受限支气管哮喘 早年发病（通常在儿童期）；每日症状变化快；夜间和清晨症状明显；过敏史、过敏性鼻炎和（或）湿疹；哮喘家族史；气流受限大部分可逆充血性心力衰竭听诊肺基
17、底部可闻细啰音； X线胸片示心脏扩大、肺水肿；肺功能测定示限制性通气障碍（而非气流受限）支气管扩张 大量脓痰；伴有细菌感染；粗湿啰音、杵状指； X线胸片或 CT示支气管扩张、管壁增厚This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 an
18、d single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD 2011： COPD鉴别诊断诊断 鉴别诊断要点肺结核 所有年龄阶段发病；胸部 X线检查显示肺侵润；微生物学证实；当地结核病流行史闭塞性细支气管炎 年轻非吸烟患者；可能有风湿性关节炎或急性烟雾暴露；可见于肺和骨髓移植后；呼气相 CT可见低密度区弥漫性泛细支气管炎 主要见于亚洲人，大多数为男性非吸烟患者，几乎均患有慢性鼻窦炎，胸部 X线和高分辨 C
19、T可见弥漫性的 小叶中心型结节和肺过度充气。 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are A
20、T89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD2011对 COPD的评估 n（ 1）症状评估 n（ 2）肺功能评估 n（ 3）急性加重风险评估 n（ 4）合并症评估 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital te
21、mperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（ 1）症状评估mMRC评 估呼吸困 难严 重程度 mMRC评 估呼吸困 难严 重程度 mMRC分 级 0 我 仅 在 费 力运 动时 出 现 呼吸困 难 mMRC分 级 1 我由于气短，平地行走 时 比同 龄 人慢或者需要停下来休息 mMRC分 级 2 我由于气短，平地行走 时 比同 龄 人慢或者需
22、要停下来休息 mMRC分 级 3 我在平地行走 100米左右或数分 钟后需要停下来喘气 mMRC分 级 4 我因 严 重呼吸困 难 以至于不能离开家，或在穿衣服、脱衣服 时 出 现 呼吸困 难 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18
23、B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.（ 2）肺功能分级12GOLD 1: 轻 度GOLD 2: 中度GOLD 3: 重度GOLD 4: 极重度FEV1 80% 预计值50% 2症状（ mMRC or CAT 评分）如果 mMRC 0-1 or CAT 2 or CAT 10: 较多症状 (B or D)COPD综合评估首先评估症状Global strategy for the
24、diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Revised 2011 21This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20
25、 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.GOLD仅供内部培训使用风险（气流受限分级）4321风险（急性加重史）CAmMRC 0-1CAT 210症状 （ mMRC 或 CAT 评分）23Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
26、 Revised 2011就重原则 :急性加重 2次每年 .都归入 C D象限This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of
27、the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.仅供内部培训使用小结 : 诊断 COPD诊断应结合 临床症状 和 危险因素接触史 ， 肺功能检查 是确诊的条件 COPD分为 稳定期 和 急性加重期 COPD病情评估基于患者的 症状，肺功能 及急性加重史25This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperatur
28、e measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.2011年 COPD全球策略修订版推荐 COPD常用药物的类型n 短效 2激动剂（ SABA)n 长效 2激动剂 （ LABA）n 短效抗胆碱能药物 (SAMA)n 长效抗胆碱能药物 (LA
29、MA)n 短效 2激动剂和抗胆碱能药物联合制剂 n 甲基黄嘌呤（ Methylxanthines） n 吸入性糖皮质激素 （ ICS）n 联合吸入糖皮质激素 /支气管扩张剂治疗 ICS+LABAThis paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18
30、B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.其他药物治疗 n 疫苗 减少 COPD患者社区获得性肺炎发生率n 1抗胰蛋白酶补充疗法 n 抗生素：持续预防性应用抗生素对 COPD的急性加重无效 n 祛痰药 n 免疫调节剂n 镇咳药 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control s
31、ystem which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.COPD稳定期的治疗 nCOPD稳定期处理的基本观点：COPD的预防和治疗中，识别和降低风险因素
32、是重要的步骤。 FEV1的水平作为单一指标来判断疾病的严重程度是不适当的，COPD稳定期的处理需要综合评估患者的症状和未来的风险 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcompute
33、r. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.减轻症状改善运动能力改善健康状态短期目标减轻症状COPD的稳定期管理目标26预防疾病进展预防和治疗急性加重降低死亡率长期目标降低风险Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Revised 2011This paper mainly intro
34、duces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature
35、 sensor.稳定期的非药物治疗患者 基本措施 推荐 根据当地指南决定A组 戒烟 (可以包括 药 物治疗 )体育活 动 流感或者肺炎疫苗B.C.D组 戒烟 (可以包括 药 物治疗 ),肺康复体育活 动 流感或者肺炎疫苗This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperatur
36、e sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.IV: 极重度III: 重度II: 中度I: 轻度GOLD2006 COPD各阶段的治疗方案FEV1 80% 预计值80% 2 /年GOLD 3ICS/LABAor LAMAICS/LABAor LAMAGOLD 22CAT 10ACBD29This paper mainly introduces the desig
37、n of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.患者 首选 次
38、选 备选ASAMA 必要时或SABA 必要时LAMA或LABA或SABA 和 SAMA茶碱BCDLAMA或LABAICS + LABA或LAMAICS + LABA或LAMALAMA 和 LABALAMA 和 LABAICS 和 LAMA 或ICS + LABA 和 LAMA 或ICS+LABA 和 PDE4抑制剂 .或LAMA 和 LABA 或LAMA 和 PDE4抑制剂 .SABA 和 /或 SAMA茶碱PDE4抑制剂 .SABA 和 /或 SAMA茶碱羧甲司坦SABA 和 /或 SAMA茶碱2011GOLD指南稳定期药物治疗方案Global strategy for the diagno
39、sis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Revised 2011 30This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and s
40、ingle chip microcomputer. The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.Other Treatments n 疫苗：流感疫苗能降低 COPD患者的死亡率，推荐 65岁以上 COPD患者每年接种肺炎链球菌疫苗，而且能减少 65岁以下 FEV1%pred 40%患者的社区获得性肺炎的几率。n 1抗胰蛋白酶增强治疗：不推荐用于非 1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏患者。n 抗菌素：除非感染性急性加重和其它细菌感染，不推荐常规应用。n 粘液溶解剂：如乙酰半胱胺酸，对粘痰较多的患者可能有益，但总体获益不多。n 止咳药：不推荐n 血管扩张剂： ON禁用于稳定期 COPD患者， COPD相关的肺动脉高压不推荐应用内皮素调节剂。
