1、全国 2011 年 4 月高等教育自学考试-英语词汇学试题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. The development of English vocabulary can be divided into the following particular historical period EXCEP
2、T _. ( )A. Old English B. Middle EnglishC. New English D. Modern English2. The definition of a word comprises the following points _ . ( )(1) a minimal free form of a language(2) a sound unity(3) a unit of meaning(4) a form that can function alone in a sentenceA. (1) and (2) B. (1) (2) and (3)C. (2)
3、 (3) and (4) D. (1) (2) (3) and (4)3. Words of the basic word stock can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes, e.g. foot is the father of football, footage and footprint. This demonstrates that one of the characteristics of the words of the basic st
4、ock is _ . ( )A. productivity B. polysemyC. stability D. collocability4. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East, and _ . ( )A. India B. the Far East C. the West Asia D. America5. In the early period of Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge o
5、f learning ancient Greek and _ classics. This is known in history as the Renaissance. ( )A. India B. GermanC. Roman D. Chinese6. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( )A. Old English was a highly inflected language.B. In early Middle English period, English, Latin and Celtic existed side
6、by side.C. The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of modern English period.D. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word-formation.7. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is _.( )A. m
7、orpheme B. affixesC. root D. stem8. There is/are _ monomorphemic word(s) in the following words: hot, dog, feet, matches. ( )A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 49. The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT _.( )A. packs B. bags C. cheats D. ships10. 30% to 40% of the total number of n
8、ew words in English vocabulary are produced through _ .( )A. affixation B. clippingC. compounding D. shortening11. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is called _. ( )A. prefixation B. suffixationC. acronymy D. conversion12. The method of creating words by re
9、moving the supposed suffixes is called _. ( )A. back-formation B. clippingC. blending D. suffixation13. _ accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning. ( )A. Sense B. MotivationC. Concept D. Reference14. By _ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a particular word is r
10、elated to its origin. ( )A. onomatopoeic B. morphologicalC. semantic D. etymological15. In English there are _ types of motivation that concerns the relationship between the sign and meaning. ( )A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 516. What is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages? ( )A. Suffixation. B.
11、Variation.C. Allomorph. D. Polysemy.17. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the _ field of colours. ( )A. stylistic B. semanticC. elliptic D. syntactic18. What is applicable to contradictory terms of some antonyms may NOT be applicable to their _ terms? ( )A. co
12、nnotative B. collocativeC. relative D. negative19. When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is _ accordingly. ( )A. related B. narrowedC. created D. suggested20. Which of the following words was used during the American Civil War to refer to those northerners who were secretly ai
13、ding the South? ( )A. Rattlesnake. B. Villain.C. Informer. D. Copperhead.21. People change word-meaning owing to various _ motives: love, respect, courtesy, suspicion, pessimism, sarcasm, irony, contempt, hatred, etc. ( )A. psychological B. socialC. communicative D. lexical22. In a narrow sense, con
14、text refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as _ context. ( )A. non-linguistic B. linguisticC. grammatical D. lexical23. Which of the following is one of the main functions of verbal context? ( )A. Elimination of ambiguity. B. Indication for referents.C. Provisi
15、on of clues for inferring word-meaning. D. All the above.24. Which of the following is NOT true about extra-linguistic context? ( )A. It can be subdivided into grammatical context and non-linguistic context.B. It refers to physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C. It embraces
16、 the people, time and place.D. It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.25. The idiom “fall into good hands“ is a _ as far as figures of speech are concerned. ( )A. synecdoche B. metaphorC. metonymy D. personification26. “Flesh and blood“ is an idiom _ in nature. ( )A. verbal B. nomin
17、alC. adjectival D. adverbial27. The change of idiom “velvet paws“ from the original form is _.( )A. replacement B. position-shiftingC. addition D. shortening28. American dictionaries generally use _ to mark the pronunciation. ( )A. British Phonetic Alphabet B. American Phonetic AlphabetC. Internatio
18、nal Phonetic Alphabet D. Websters Phonetic Alphabet29. Which of the following dictionaries is NOT a specialized dictionary? ( )A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chambers Encyclopaedic English DictionaryC. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Websters New Dictionary of Synonyms30. Usag
19、e notes of the dictionary explain _. ( )A. the slight difference between words of similar meaningsB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. important British and American differencesD. all the aboveII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.
20、(15 % )31. The general estimate of the present-day English vocabulary is over one _ words.32. At the end of 6th century, Latin-speaking missionaries under St. Augustine came to spread Christianity in Britain. It brought many new ideas and customs and also many _ terms such as abbot, candle, altar, e
21、tc.33. The forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or function are _.34. The process of changing the word “possible“ into “impossible“ is called _.35. The synonymous pair “die pass away“ has the same _ but different stylistic values.36. Semantically, all _ are related in
22、one way or another.37. Fortuitous formerly denoted happening by chance, accidental and later took on the meaning fortunate probably by _ because the two words look similar.38. The sentence “He is a hard businessman“ is ambiguous due to _.39. The characteristic of idioms _ unity can be reflected by t
23、he understanding of such idiom as “rain cats and dogs“.40. Definition, extra column and usage _ are the unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987).III. Define the following terms. (15%)41. jargon42. derivational affix43. grammatical meaning44. associated transfer45. variat
24、ions of idiomsIV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )46. leornianlernenlearnAbove is the change of “learn“ from Old English through Middle English to Modern English.What can you conclude from the viewpoint of th
25、e development of English vocabulary?47. Both initialisms and acronyms are formed to a certain extent from initial letters. Is there any difference between them? Illustrate your point with examples.48. What is the appropriate antonym for acute in the following statement?She got an acute pain in her b
26、ack.49. What are contextual clues?Guess the meaning of the word underlined in the following sentence and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning.(a) Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor B irdwh
27、istell.(b) Its just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as “silicon chips“.V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )50. Comment on the following groups to illustrate the dif
28、ference between partial and full conversion.Group 1: “white a white, final finals“Group 2: “rich the rich, wounded the wounded“51. Analyze and comment on the meanings of the following sentences and then find out the right antonyms for each fast respectively.A My god, look, this clock is one hour fast, as if we were at Tokyo.B The colors arent fast, so be careful when you wash this shirt.C The delegation paid a fast visit to the United Kingdom last month.
