1、Module 1 Basketball一、重难点单词与短语 1abrupt adj.（1）意外的，突然的： e.g.an abrupt change in the weather （2）无理的，唐突的 e.g.He has an abrupt manner. （3）陡的，险峻的；急转的 e.g.an abrupt hill an abrupt turn词性变化： abruptly adv. 突然地，唐突地 abruptness n. 突然，唐突；(举止, 言谈等的)粗鲁无理 2absorb v. （1）吸收（液体）；承受；承担 e.g.absorb moisture from the air
2、We will not absorb these charges. （2）吸取（知识）；占有 e.g.The boy absorbs new knowledge quickly. =The boy absorbs into new knowledge quickly. =The boy takes in new knowledge quickly.This job absorbs all of my time. 注意：absorb in 的意思是“吸引，专心于”，absorb into 才是“吸收”。 （3）吸引；使专心；使全神贯注 e.g.to absorb in study The wri
3、ter was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.be absorbed in 全神贯注在，一心从事，热衷于 拓展：“全神贯注，专心”的表达方法： be lost in/lose oneself in 全神贯注于；沉湎于 e.g.She lost herself in the book. bury (oneself) in 埋头于；专心于 e.g.He buried himself in his work. concentrate/focus()on 集中在；专心于 e.g.You
4、must try to focus your mind on work and study. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.（4）并吞；兼并 e.g.to absorb the small states In the past 10 years, the company has gradually absorbed all its smaller rivals.3apologize/apologise v. 道歉，辩白 常见搭配： apologize to sb. apologize to sb. for sth. a
5、pologize to sb. for doing sth. apologize for oneself e.g.I have come to apologize to you. I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. I must apologize to you for being late. He apologized for having to leave early. 词性变化：apology n. 道歉；辩解；辩护 make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.4appoint vt.
6、任命，委派 e.g.The President appointed a new cabinet member. We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school.习惯用法： （1）appoint sb.(to be)+职务或 appoint sb. as+职务：任命某人为 （to be 可以省略；注意职务前不加任何冠词。） e.g.appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职 （2）appoint (+时间、地点等)to do：指定或约定做某事 e.g.to appoint a time for the mee
7、ting They appointed a place to exchange stamps. 辨析：appoint, name 和 assign appoint 指官方委任。 e.g.He was appointed as export manager of the firm.He was appointed mayor of the city. name 提名，指定（非正式用语，一般不强调被推选的职务） e.g.Since no one has volunteered, I hereby name the following to take charge of the matter.ass
8、ign 委派，分配（一般不涉及职位） e.g.He was assigned an important mission. 派生词： appointment n. 约会，安排 appointee n. 被任命者 appointer n. 任命者 disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointed adj. 失望的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n . 失望；令人失望的人 5confirm v.（1）证实，进一步确定 e.g.The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.（2）
9、批准 e.g.When do you think the president will confirm you in office？ 6attend v.（1）attend 作及物动词，意为“出席、参加”（= be present at or go to）。 e.g.Did you attend the concert last night？ She attends church every day. 注：attend 主要用来表示参加或出席会议、听课、上学或看演出等，成为这一集体活动的一名听众或观众。 （2）attend 作及物动词，意为“护理、照料”（= look after, treat
10、）。 e.g.She had to stay at home to attend her sick mother.The doctor has many patients to attend every day.（3）attend 作不及物动词，意为“注意、倾听”（= pay attention to ），这时常与介词 to 连用。 e.g.Please attend to what Im going to say. 7basis n. 基础；根据；主要部分 e.g.What is the basis of your opinion？ Dont evaluate a person on the
11、 basis of appearance. The basis of this drink is orange juice. 辨析：base 与 basis这两个词在作名词时可表示“基础；基地”，但其意义是不同的。base 用来指某物体的具体“基础”或底部的“支柱”。 e.g.We camped at the base of the mountain. Our companys base is in New York, but we have extended many branches all around the world.而 basis 则用来表示抽象意义上的“基础”，常用于比喻句。
12、e.g.Whats the basis of your opinion？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.习惯用语： on a fifty-fifty basis 对等地(平分)on.basis (=on the basis of) 以为根据，在基础上 provide a .basis for 为提供根据 8average（1）average 作名词，表示“平均”。 e.g.The average of 4,5 and 9 is 6.
13、Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys for their children. The living standard of the people there is above the average.常见短语：on average 平均 e.g.After he became famous, he received 50 letters a day on average.We fail one student per year on average.（2）average 作形容词，表示“平均的”。 e.g.The average age
14、 of the students in our class is seventeen.9be rude to sb. 对人很粗鲁，对某人粗暴无礼 e.g.He was punished because he was rude to his teacher.If you are rude to the boss, you will lose chances of success.反义：be friendly/good/kind to sb. 对友好 10attract/draw sb.s attention 引起某人的注意，使某人注意 常见 attention 短语： attract/draw
15、sbs attention to 将某人的注意力吸引到上去 pay attention to/give ones attention to 注意 call sb.s attention to 叫某人注意 bring sth. to sb.s attention 使某人注意 turn sb.s attention to 把注意力转到 fix/focus/hold/center sb.s attention on sth. 把注意力集中在 e.g.We should pay attention to state affairs. Give your whole attention to what
16、you are doing.She drew my attention to a mistake in the report. She turned her attention to a new problem. 11if necessary 如必要的话 当从句是由“引导词十 it is/it was adj.”这一结构时，可将 it is 或 it was 省略，类似的说法有 when necessary, when possible, if possible 等。 e.g.If necessary, well try our best to help you.（If it is neces
17、sary,） If necessary, we shall send a telegram home. This difficulty must be avoided if possible.12take possession of 占有，占领 e.g.The army took possession of this area two hours ago. The old couple took possession of the house 30 years ago. He took possession of this car last year.拓展：(sb. be) in posses
18、sion of sth. 某人占有/拥有 e.g.Who is in possession of the property？ He is in possession of this house.I am in possession of the beautiful car.The person in possession of the big house is excited.in the possession of =in sb.s possession 某物/某人被某人所占 e.g.That island was in the possession of that country late
19、 in the sixteenth century. The beautiful car is in my possession/in the possession of me.My brother is in possession of all the business. =All the business is in the possession of my brother. 二、句子解析 1Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.the first/second/th
20、irdlast to do意为“第一/二/三最后一个做的人”。英语中，常在序数词后用不定式结构来指“第几个做某事的人”。 e.g.Tom is always the first to come and the last to leave.China was one of the first countries in the world to study the science of farming.Alice was the first to arrive. 2At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other pla
21、yers that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him.（1）at one point 意为“一度，曾今”。 e.g.My friend and I saw a film yesterday and at one point she was moved to tears. （2）本句中的 sothat意为“如此以致”，引导结果状语从句，可用于以下 句型： so adj. /adv.thatso adj.a/an单数名词thate.g.It is so beautiful a bike that we all like it
22、.提醒：不可说：It is a so beautiful bike that we all like it.拓展：“如此以致”句型也可用 such 表达，可用以下句型： such a/an单数名词thatsuch + adj.复数名词/不可数名词thate.g.The bike is so beautiful that we all like it.=It is such a beautiful bike that we all like it.注意：英语中象 too, as, so, that 等词与形容词一起修饰单数可数名词时，应该用句型 too/as/so/that adj.a/an n
23、.结构。 （3）句中 much 修饰形容词比较级 better, much, rather, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, not a little 等修饰比较级表示“得多”。 e.g.This kind of paper was as soft as light, but much less expensive.This hat is rather more expensive than that. Jack is a lot taller than Lucy. This village is a great deal richer than that
24、one. They need far more money than we do.Tom is by far the cleverer of the two.注意： 用 by far 修饰比较级时比较级前应有定冠词 the。 much 修饰比较级，more 用于多音节词或部分双音节词前构成比较级。 very 不能修饰比较级。 rather 可修饰比较级，fairly 却不可。 a lot, a great deal 修饰比较级时表示程度，词组中不带 of。 3The giant player the NBAs Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959-1960 sea
25、son and was an immediate success. success 在这里作可数名词（抽象名词具体化），意为“成功的人或事”。 e.g.He was not a success as a teacher.The conference was a success. 抽象名词一般是不可数名词，但有些抽象名词可以具体化，用作可数名词，表示“的人/事” 。 类似的词有：surprise, pity 等，但 fun 作“开心的人或事”仍是不可数名词。 4But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player
26、 of his generation”. doubt 用在否定句中，后面接 that 引导的同位语从句。 e.g.I have no doubt that he will succeed. There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. There is no doubt that he is guilty.doubt 用作名词常与 about/of/as to/on 等介词连用。e.g.There is no doubt about it. I have no doubt of his ability. She
27、has her doubts as to this being true. No one has any doubt on this point.。 三、典型例题讲解 1How about putting some pictures into the report？ _ A picture is worth a thousand words.（江苏卷） ANo way. BWhy not？ CAll right？ DNo matter.答案：B 2I must apologize _ you know ahead of time. Thats all right. Afor letting n
28、ot Bfor not letting Cto let Dnot to let答案：B选择题：1Mr. Green has recently been _ of the company.Aappointed to president Bappointed presidentCappointed a president Dappointed the president 2Try to explain this new theory and give actual examples _.Aif it needed Bwhen necessaryCwhere they are possible Dw
29、hen you are possible3You will soon _ it.Abe used to Bused toCuse to Dbe use to4The girl didnt even look up, all her attention was _ on the pretty doll.Apaid BgivenCdrawn Dfixed5The party was _ success. We sang and danced until it came to _ end at midnight. Aa; an Ba; the Cthe; an D/;an6My father was
30、 among the first people _ to the west. Agoing Bto goCgone Dhaving gone7Great attention must be paid_ education, especially in the countrysideAdevelop Bto developCto developing Ddeveloping8一 How are the team playing?Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt. Agot BgetsCare Dwere9The boy used to be
31、good. We are _ about why he has changed that much.Aworried BpleasedCdisappointed Dpuzzled 10The _ of blood always makes him feel sick.Asight BlookCview Dscene11I wonder what difficulty he had _ the plan. Ato carry out Bcarrying outCcarried out Dwith carrying out 12He is brave, hard-working and kind,
32、 so he was selected _monitor of our class.Aas a Bto be theCa D不填13Mrs. Greens car ran into a large tree and she _ in the accident.Agot badly hurtBwas injured badlyCgot badly woundedDwas wounded badly14Nothing can stop a _ student _ his mind to give up his studies.Apromised; to change Bpremised; chan
33、gingCpromising; changing Dpromising; to change15Although the prices of TV set are_，he managed to make the manager _ the price of that TV set. Agoing up; bring down Bgone up; go downCgoing up; brought down Dgoing down; bring up答案与提示： 1B。句意为“格林先生最近被任命为公司总裁”。本题为搭配问题。任命某人一个职务不要加“to”，职务前也不能用冠词。 2B。句中 whe
34、n 引导的时间状语从句补充完整为 when it is necessary(to explain this new theory and give actual examples.)省略了形式主语 it 及动词is。 3A。句意为“你很快就会习惯它的。” be used to sth.习惯于。 4D。 fix ones attention on sth.是固定短语，意为“把注意力集中在某事上”此题用了它的被动语态。其他选项都不符合结构需要，应排除。 5A。解答该题的关键是要把握抽象名词与抽象名词具体化代指某一个人或事物时，前面冠词的用法以及一些固定短语中冠词的使用。第一空抽象名词 succes
35、s 在此具体化，代指 the party，意思为“一次成功的晚会”。 故应该用不定冠词 a 限定；第二空 come to an end 为固定短语，意思为“结束”。答案 A。 6B。be the first to do 为固定用法，指“第一个/批做的人”。7C。 从句中的 pay 可知考查词组 pay attention to 的用法。to 是介词，后面的动词要使用-ing 形式。又如：Pay attention to your spelling(注意你的拼写)。 8A。 本题考查主谓一致及时态的用法。因主语 one of them 为单数，故排除C、D 两项；理解句意，结合语境便知：“受伤”
36、是发生在过去，故用一般过去时。选项 A，got 是连系动词，作“变得”解，表示状态的改变，后跟形容词或过去分词作表语。题干中，空后 hurt 是过去分词作 got 的表语。又如：You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil. 9D。 used to be good 表示“曾经是个好孩子”，下文的 changed that(=so)much 表示他改变了许多，这件事使我们十分“不解；迷惑”。 10A。 本题测试同义词的辨析：sight 指以人文景观或历史遗迹为主的可供游览的地方，另外指眼之所见的场景，强调有人、物的活动
37、在内(符合本题“场景”)；view 多指在远处或高处展现在眼前的自然界 的山水风景；scene 指具体的、某种周围一时的景色，以天然的景色为主；look 指外表、人的神色，显然不合本题意。 11B。 分析句子结构在解本题乃至本类题目时作用极大。what 作为 difficulty的定语，一起作 had 的宾语，从而构成he had what difficulty _the plan 句式，由此可知它符合句型 have some (great, no，little，etc)difficulty(in)doing sth.。 12D。本题没有直接考查 select 的同义词的区别，只考查了 sel
38、ect 的用法及后面的冠词问题。select 后面可接 as 或 to be , 但因为被当选的是这个群体(班)的唯一职务，所以名词前不用任何冠词。 13B。 首先 C、D 两项应该被排除，因为 wound 多指在战斗、打斗中受的枪、刀伤，而此题指的是在意外事故(如交通事故)，而且从 badly 可知受伤很严重(hurt 不严重所以 A 项被排除)。副词的位置在解答本题中不起决定性作用。 14C。promising 为形容词，意为“有前途的；有希望的”。由 stop sb. doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”知第二空填动词-ing 形式，这句话意为“没有什么能阻止一位有前途的学生改变主意而
39、放弃自己的学业。” 15A。从语境看，前一空表示“上涨”，后一空表示“使降价”才合题意，而不是相反。go up 是个不及物动词，bring down 是及物动词Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year一、重点单词与短语 1settle vt. the Ba; anC/; an D/; the19In my opinion, all Mr. White _ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study.Adoes does does Bdoes do
40、doCdoes does do Ddid do does20_ it is to go for a picnic on such a fine day! AWhat a fun BWhat funCHow fun DHow a fun答案与提示： 1D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时 it 只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填
41、引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词 do 的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的 do 的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。3D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。4C。这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt 一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填 whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。” 5B。根据句意“一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。”可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中 wants 缺少宾语，Ahowever 和 Dwhenever 是不能作宾语的；排除 A 和 D，whichever 表示“无论哪一个，无论哪些”，应表
42、示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选 Bwhatever 表示“无论什么”。6C。本题句子的意思是：无论谁最后离开房间一定要把灯关掉。本题考查连接代词 whoever 引导的名词性从句，连接代词 whoever 可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，相当于 any person who 或 The person who, 意为“一切的人”。而anyone 和 the person 均非连词，不能引导从句，况 who leaves the room last 意为“某个最后离开房间的人”，与题意不符，如果要选 AAnyone 或 BThe person，都必须在它们后面再加上引
43、导定语从句的关系代词 who。如果要选 DWho 就体现不出“无论谁”的含义了。7C。本题句子的意思是：Sarah 希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友。疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与 no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是：前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句；后者只能引导让步状语从句。首先排除 A 和 D，从句中需要的是主语，所以 whomever 也不行。8A。根据语境，甲说上周驱车去珠海观看航模展览。乙据此来询问甲这是否是请几天假的原因，故答案是 A。答案 B，C，D 均与该题语境不符。根据上句提供的语境，下句应该问“那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？”9A。根据从句中缺
44、少的句子成分是状语，排除 Dwhat，而答案 C, D 均与题意不符，所以应选 Awhen。used to be 表示一种过去存在的状态，本句的意思是“我仍然记得这里在什么时候是个宁静的地方。”10D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填 which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”11B。该题考查 that 引导的同位语从句。同位语从句通常由 that 引导，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message 名词后，用来解释或说明名词的
45、内容。12C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder 后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词 do 是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的 if 和 that，再排除引导方式状语的 how，答案是 C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。13D。句意为“你在课堂上听英语故事感到开心吗？”。固定用法 have fun doing sth.做某事感到开心 14C。 likely 为形容词“可能的”，不能直接放在助动词 do 或 will 之后，常构成 be likely to do 短语，D 结构也对，但 like 为动词“喜欢”，句意“你今天下午喜欢在图
46、书馆吗？”与下文回答可能性没关系，前后不一致。 15C。本题是对强调句型与 notuntil 从句的结合考查。在强调 notuntil 结构中的 until 部分时，需要把主句中的 not 带上，形成 It is/was not untilthat结构。例如：It was not until he came back that I went to bed. 正是直到他回来我才上床睡觉。 16B。此题考查形容词 worth 的用法。表示值得做某事时，用 be worth doing sth.，不能用 be worth to do sth.。worth 用程度副词“很、十分、非常”修饰时，在 wo
47、rth 前不能用 too, very, quite 等副词来修饰，而往往只能用 well 修饰。 17A。本题考查动词 consider 的用法。虽然 consider 作“考虑”解时用consider doing sth这一结构，但在此题中 consider 意为“认为”，后面要跟带不定式的复合宾语，故 B、D 错误，consider 后跟复合宾语时动词作宾语补足语的形式主要有 consider sb. to be, consider sb. to have done（一般不说 consider sb. to do）。 例如：Some people consider people with disabilities to be stupid. 一些人认为残废人是傻的。He is considered to have cheated them. 他被认为欺骗了他们。 18C。part 前没有形容词时，常不带冠词，有形容词时要带冠词。 19C。考查定语从句及 do 表强调的用法。Mr. White does 为定语从句修饰all。后面的 does do 是谓语动词的强调形式。20B。本题考查名词 fun 的用法。因为 fun 是名词，排除 C、D 两项。fun 意为“有趣的人或事”，是不可数名词，不能用 a 修饰，排除 A。故答案为 B。又如：Ther
