1、莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀
2、蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁
3、蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿
4、薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿
5、薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇
6、薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈
7、蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈
8、蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆
9、蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇
10、螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇
11、莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅
12、蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆
13、蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇
14、葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅
15、薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅
16、薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆
17、薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄
18、虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄
19、蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅
20、螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃
21、螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃
22、莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄
23、蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂
24、蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃
25、蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃
26、薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁
27、薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂
28、蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂
29、蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅膈蒁螀螈肄薁蒀羄羀膇薂螆袆膆蚅羂芄膅蒄螅膀膅薇肀肆膄虿袃羂膃螁蚆芁膂蒁袁膇芁薃蚄肃芀
30、蚆袀罿艿莅蚂袅艿薇袈芃芈蚀螁腿芇螂羆肅芆蒂蝿羁芅薄羄袇莄蚆螇膆莃莆羃肂莃蒈螆羈莂蚁肁羄莁螃袄芃莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肄莈蚇蚅羀蒇莇袀袆蒇葿蚃膅蒆薂衿膁蒅螄蚂肇蒄蒃羇羃蒃薆螀节蒂蚈羅 Wide band optical fiber access network trend of developmentAuthor: Liu Jinhai article source: Computer universal time: 2005-3-8文中字体改一致This article first is brief introduced the world broadband access network devel
31、ops the condition and the main application, next narrated the wide band optical fiber access network merit. With emphasis has once more analyzed the wide band point-to-point active Ethernet optical fiber system and the wide band to the passive optical fiber system characteristic and the application.
32、 Meets down proposed our country optical fiber access network sends chem. possible to surmount APON, BPON and the EPON stage, starts from the wide band point-to-point Ethernet optical fiber system and GEPON, finally and even transits to the GPON stage preliminary idea. Finally analyzed the optical f
33、iber communications technology trend of development from each angle.The broadband access network develops condition and main applicationIn fact, looking from the telecommunication development history, when the network number of users achieves certain scale. Each kind of application meets the nature
34、production; this also is so-called steps the Cuff law might to be at especially. In the history one kind of technology since birth has not been having a big pile of application, regardless of is the mobile communication or the Internet, on its short note, the browsing, the net chats and so on the ke
35、y applications all is develops certain degree after the user scale to produce naturally, but is not sedulously designs beforehand plans. Since has entered for the 21st century, the whole world broadband access network entered the big development phase. To 2004 years end, the total number of users al
36、ready achieved 150,000,000, became in the electricity reliable historical account to develop one of quickest telecommunication services, and even was also quicker than the mobile service. For example the whole world mobile service from 10,000,000 developed to 100,000,000 has spent for 5.5 years, but
37、 the broadband access service has only used for 3.5 years. According to the IDC forecast, in 2007 the global wide band total user may achieve 209,000,000, in which 9.9, namely about 20,000,000 users for optical fiber access network. The Asian and Pacific area, specially South Koreas and Japan were t
38、he broadband access develop the swiftest most and violent country, the South Korean wide band user total already break through 10,000,000, the wide band popular rate occupied the world first, hold family 7 Internet 90%. Japanese Government also vigorously advances the wide band development through e
39、ach measure, plans in 2005 to enhance the wide band user total to 30,000,000, in which FTTH achieves 1 10,000.US still is the world biggest broadband access market, the total number of users surpasses 30,000,000.American FOC the wide band service localization is one of 2003-2008 year six big goals,
40、in fact the broadband access is becoming the American universal service the next goal. The US broadband access is primarily develops by the cable television and ADSL, because the telecommunication control policy encouragement uses the new technical construction network (e.g. FCC stipulation operatio
41、n business construction optical fiber access network to be possible not limited the pressure which in local ring circuit non-colligation policy) as well as the competition and the service grows, recently leads the operation business to be extremely positive to the optical fiber to the station (FTTP)
42、 development.Speaking of the optical fiber access network, specially the optical fiber to station (FTTP) or optical fiber proficient (FTTH), the whole world already started to enter the unloading phase, only US had 270 FTTP projects, was mostly the local authority, the public company, the property d
43、eveloper and the non-leading telecommunication operation business project. Leading operation business also starts to enter this domain, in which Version plans in 2005 to complete 3,000,000 FTTP; SBC in the plan plans in 2007 in its huge “speed of light” to reach 18,000,000 FTTN, each household has s
44、peed 20-39Mb/s, provides the end-to-end tertiary service colligation (trite play) the service. Japan is in the world advances the FTTH most radical country, 2.004 years its optical fiber on already understood more than 18,000,000 households families, but the user development lag, probably was 2,000,
45、000, in 2005 plans develops 10,000,000.Europe quite is steady conservatively, FTTH altogether has laid to 2004 500,000, some 167 small projects or the experimental project are carrying on.Our country broadband access network extremely is also rapid in the near two year development, according to the
46、preliminary statistics, to 2004 years end our country wide band user is 25,000,000, becomes is inferior to USs second big broadband access market, in which leadership technology is only ADSL, probably accounts for about 70%, next is the Ethernet technology, but also has few wide band wireless turnin
47、g on and electric cable modem turning on, also occupies regarding the FTTH technology the track stage, the minority developed city already was also starting to consider and to experiment each kind of FTTHI technology.Looking from the wide band application that, according to the American Mai Kenxi Co
48、mpanys newest analysis, the initial period wide band application mainly is the high speed surfer, may make the surfer the time to increase approximately 30%.Hereafter, along with the service large-scale development, develops the power which the new service becomes continues to develop. According to
49、American BHK Corporation demonstrated in 2004 investigation result that, in 2003 the American first five wide band expense was on the net gambles, the adult program, the game, music downloading and the selection and broadcast television, had obviously to the expense class incline tendency.Needs to point out that, discusses needs to pay attention to in a basic understanding using the actuation the erroneous zone, namely cannot place hopes in artificially studies beforehand develops 12 items so-called “the Assassins mace application”, promoted application. In fact, looking from the tele
