1、六年级英语 毕业复习语法,分类,冠词 名词 代词 形容词 副词 数词,介词 Can句型 There be 句型 动词 时态,一、冠词,1、基本用法：不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。 定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。 第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a或an，表示泛指。再次提到某人或某物时，用定冠词the，特指上文提到的人、事或物。如：There is a pen and a pencil in my pencil-case. The pen is re
2、d and the pencil is black.,不定冠词： a, an 定冠词： the,2、A与an 的用法区别：a用于辅音音素前（辅音音素指的是发音，不是指辅音字母），如：a university student而an则用于元音音素前（不是元音字母），如：an egg, an orange, an onion.,1) i: sea 2) i sit 3) e bed 4) ae bad 5) a: car 6) hot, want 7) : door 8) u: good 9) u look 10) cup 11) : girl 12) Saturday 13) ei cake 14
3、) ai bike 15) u cold 16) au house 17) i boy 18) i dear 19) care 20) u tour,3、定冠词与零冠词的用法区别： 在序数词和形容词的最高级前面用the，如：The library is on the first floor. Summer is the hottest season of the year. 在乐器名词前用the, 表示演奏，如：play the piano, play the violin, play the guitar等。 在球类、三餐前通常不用冠词，如：play football, play baseb
4、all, eat lunch, eat dinner等。 在月份、星期、季节等名词的前面通常不用冠词，如：in Jan., on Monday, in summer等。,Exercise:,Gilbert is _ Italian taxi driver. 2. She is _ housewife. 3. Im _ English. 4. Hes _ American policeman. 5. He likes _ book in his shelf. 6. Robert is _ engineer. 7. He is playing _ violin. 8. He is playing
5、_ football. 9. Sophie is on _ second floor. 10. She will come back on _ Monday.,二、名词,可数名词和不可数名词,名词复数形式的规则变化：,名词复数形式的特殊变化：1. 改变中间元音字母，如：man-men woman-women foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teeth 2. 词尾发生变化，如： child-children 3. 单、复数形式相同，如： fish-fish ，sheep-sheep ，deer-deer,名词所有格 （1）表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，一般用s表示。
6、一般在单数名词的词尾加s，如：Chen Jies mother. 以s结尾的复数名词只加，不以s结尾的复数名词要加s， 如：The students bags The childrens presents （2）表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人名字后加s，如果表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后加s。 如：Jim and Mikes room (共用)的房间, Jims and Mikes rooms(各自)的房间 （3）表示无生命的事物的所有格形式：名词+of+所有者，如：a picture of my room,写出下列各词的复数I _ him _ this _ her _child _
7、 photo _ diary_ day_ foot_ book_ dress_ tooth_ sheep _ box_ peach_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_,we,them,these,their,children,photos,feet,books,dresses,diaries,days,sheep,boxes,peaches,men,women,juice,paper,milk,water,teeth,This is _ class. (Amy 和 Mike的) They are _ classes. 女人的裙子：_ 警察的的帽子：_
8、,三、代词,人称代词,人称代词 物主代词 指示代词,He is taller than me.,Her hair is longer than mine.,my hair,形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别：,Her hair is longer than mine.,my hair,有名则形，无名则名。,如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词，就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)等修饰词了。例如： 这是他的书桌。This is his desk.,与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如：his English
9、 books他的英语书，their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。,Its a bird. Its name is Polly.,它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。,Hes a student. His mother is a teacher.,三、代词,物主代词,this/these指空间上较近的事物；that/those 指空间上较远的事物。,指示代词,Exercise:,从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We
10、，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree. Can you help _(he，him，his)? 5. We cant find our bikes.Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? 6. _(This, these) are _(he，him，his
11、) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine).,四、形容词和副词,1、形容词的比较级：A + be动词+形容词比较级+ than +B形容词比较级的变化规则： 一般在词尾加- er ，如：tall - taller , strong - stronger. 以不发音的e结尾时加-r ，如：fine - finer, late-later. 以辅音字母加-y结尾时，先改y为i再加-er，如：funny- funnier, heavy-heavier. 以重读闭音节结尾并且词末只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的字母再加-er，如：big-bigger, thin-
12、thinner,hot- hotter,You are taller than your mother.,2. 副词可以分为： 时间副词，如:now, yesterday, today等； 频度副词，如:often, usually, never, sometimes, always等； 程度副词，如:very, too, much, so等。,Yesterday, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, last Monday, last weekend, last night, last month, last year, just now, on my
13、 holiday, yesterday morning /afternoon/ evening/.,1. My brother is two years _(old)than me. 2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? 5. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys. 7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 6
14、.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she) 7.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?,基数词：表示数目（多少）的数词。,One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten,Eleven Twelve Thirteen Fourteen Fifteen Sixteen Seventeen Eighteen Nineteen Twenty,Twenty-one Twenty-two Thirty Forty Fif
15、ty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety A hundred,年龄和时间的表达用基数词。,五、数词,Learn these numbers and find out the rules: 一起找规律,1st first 2nd second 3rd third 4th fourth 5th 6th 7th 8th eighth 9th ninth 10th,fifth,sixth,seventh,tenth,11th eleventh 12th twelfth 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th twentieth,thirtee
16、nth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth,21st twenty-first 22nd twenty-second 23rd twenty-third 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th 30th thirtieth 31st thirty-first,twenty-fourth,twenty-fifth,twenty-sixth,twenty-seventh,twenty-eighth,twenty-ninth,注意：序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the。,日期用序数词
17、表示，前面可加the，也可以省略。,基变序，有规律， 一、二、三单独记。 -th ,四加起， 八去t来、 九去 e 。 遇到ve, f 替, -ty变为 tie, 后跟th莫迟疑。 若想表示几十几， 只变个位就可以。,1、把下列基数词变为序数词。 two_ three_ nine_ twelve_ twenty_ eight_ five_ thirty-one_,second,third,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,eighth,2、按要求变换句子。 1、My birthday is on August fourth(对划线部分提问）is birthday? 2、Nick
18、is thirteen(提问） _ _ is Nick? 3、My birthday is on January 10th.(一般疑问句并做否定回答）_ _ birthday on January 10th? No,_ _,How old,Is your,fifth,thirty-first,it isnt,能力训练,日期/时间,页脚,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,序数词：,Sunday,Friday,Saturday,1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th,7th,a week,Month?,Say the months,January dnju
19、ri February februri March m:t April eiprl May mei June du:n,写出下列月份的简写：,July du:lai August :gst September septemb October ktub November nuvemb December disemb,Spring Festival (春节)is in _ or _. Tree Planting Day (植树节)is in _. Mothers Day is in _. National Day (国庆节)is in _. Teachers Day is in _.,Januar
20、y February,March,May,October,September,Christmas Day（圣诞节） is in _. April Fools Day (愚人节)is in _. Childrens Day (儿童节) is in _. Students have summer holiday(暑假) in _ and _. Thanksgiving(感恩节) is in _.,December,April,June,June,July,November,你知道这些节日吗？,2、年月日的表达句型：When is your birthday/ New Years Day/?What
21、s the date? 年：先读前两位，再读后两位，用基数词表示。in 1973月：缩写形式，首字母要大写。in Sept.*日：一般用序数词表示。on June the first, 2013(on June 1st, 2013),3、时间的表达 直接读出数字，先读小时，再读分钟 半点或半点以内, 用past: 7:05 five past seven 超过半小时，接近整点时, 用to: 4:50 ten to five 一刻钟用a quarter：9:15 a quarter past nine,他7:45到达学校。,He gets to school at a quater to nin
22、e.,六、介词,1、时间介词：at, in, on, before, after, .at, in, on在表示时间时的区别:年用in, 月用in, 季节前面也用in, 上午下午还用in.日子前面要用on, 若是遇到了时刻，就用at加前面。,2、方位介词：on, in, under, behind, in front of, near, over.on, over在表示位置上的区别:on表示在上面，强调两个物体相接触。如：There is a book on the desk.over表示垂直在上的正上方，两个物体表面没有接触。如：There is a bridge over the rive
23、r.,七、Can 句型,（一）基本用法： 1. 表示体力或脑力方面的能力，意为“能；会”等。 例如：I can do the dishes. I can swim.2. 表示请求或允许，多用在口语中，意为“可以；能”等。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，用于否定句表示不允许。例如：Can I help you? You cant play basketball. Can you.？“请你好吗？”表示说话人的请求； Can I.？“我可以吗？”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事。如：Can I wear my T-shirt today?,（二）基本句式：,Exercise:,一、改错。 ( )1 We c
24、an help she . _ ( ) 2 She cant washes the clothes . _ ( ) 3 What can the cat does ? _ ( ) 4 Can you eat those beef? No, I can . _ 二、填空。 She _ _ _ _( 不会打扫房间). My mother _ cook the meals .（我妈妈会做饭）。 （她姐姐会说英语。） Her sister_ speak English . 5 （你会唱歌吗？） _ _ sing ?,八、There be 结构,意义：表示在某地有某物（或人）,主语是单数，be 动词用i
25、s; 主语是复数，be 动词用are; 如果有几件物品，be 动词根据最接近be的那个名词决定，简称“就近原则”。如： There is a pencil-case and three books in my schoolbag. There are three books and a pencil-case in my schoolbag.,句式：否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词放句首。,与have (has) 的区别：there be表示在某地有某物（或人）；have (has) 表示某人拥有某物，二者不能同时出现在句子中。,some 和any 在there be
26、句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。,用恰当的be动词填空。 1、There a lot of sweets in the box. 2、There some milk in the glass. 3、There some people under the the big tree. 4、There a picture and 4 maps on the wall. 5、There lots of flowers in our garden last year. 6、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday
27、. 7、There four cups of coffee on the table. ( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table .A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much,第三人称单数变化规则：,九、动词,原形、第三人称单数、 现在分词、过去式,现在分词变化规则：,过去式变化规则：,规则动词：,1一般在动词末尾加-ed:,play watch wash clean visit cook walk jump return learn climb ski row relax,完整记忆版
28、：,2结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasteddance- danced, prepare- prepared3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如： stop-stopped, trip- tripped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied,不规则动词单独记: dodid, gowent, readread , sing-sang, eatate, taketook, havehad, buybought, seesaw, get-got, iswas, arewere, leaveleft, s
29、wimswam, flyflew, comecame,补充：不规则动词的过去式（认知版）,do- did am/is- was are- were have- had read read put-put write-wrote buy- bought go- went win- won,eat- ateswim- swamsee- saw sing- sangtake- tooksay saidget -gotcome- came run-ranmake- made fly- flewdraw-drew,十、时态,（一）意义：表示经常发生的事情、动作或存在的状态 （二）构成及变化:,1、一般现
30、在时,(表1),(表2),1、一般现在时,(表3),1、一般现在时,（三）时间标志：常与频度副词连用，如: always, usually, often, sometimes，never,1、一般现在时,(一)意义：当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 (二)构成：be动词(am, is ,are) +动词-ing形式 (三)时间标志：now，句前一般有look, listen等词。,十、时态,2、现在进行时,(一)意义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来某个时间经常或重复发生的动作。(二)构成： be going to+动词原形: 表示打算、计划、准备做的事或可能将要发
31、生的事情。 will+动词原形: 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性，还用来表示意愿。(三)时间标志：常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow, soon, next week/ month/ year, this morning/ afternoon/ evening ,十、时态,3、一般将来时,3、一般将来时,3、一般将来时,(一)意义：表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态。(二)构成：由be动词、行为动词的过去式构成。(三)时间标志：常与表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday, yesterday morning /afternoon/ evening/, last night /week /month/ year，a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago，just now,十、时态,4、一般过去时,4、一般过去时,英语句子万万千， 总结时态不算难， 现在进行最简单， be动词后小跟班(ing)， Be going to是一家，打算做啥要用它， 一般现在时好记， 不是三单用自己（动词原形）， 看见三单要仔细， s/es不能乱代替。 句中动词有ed, 肯定就是说过去， 时态一定得熟知， 特殊形式特殊记。,区分时态顺口溜：,
