1、六级2014.62014年6月大学英语六级考试真题PartI Writing 渊30minutes冤Directions: Forthispart,youareallowed 30 minutestowriteanessayexplaining whyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhearingsomething. Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast 150 wordsbutnomorethan 200 words.Writeyouressayon Ans
2、werSheet1.注意院此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答遥PartII ListeningComprehension 渊30minutes冤SectionADirections: Inthissection,youwillhear 8 shortconversationsand 2 longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachques
3、tiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA冤,B冤,C冤andD冤,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意院此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答遥1.A冤Collegetuitionhasbecomeaheavyburdenforthestudents.B冤 Collegestudentsareingeneralpolitical
4、lyactivenowadays.C冤 Hetookpartinmanyprotestswhenhewasatcollege.D冤 Heisdoubtfulabouttheeffectofthestudents爷 action.2.A冤TheclasshaskeptthepartyasecretfromJay.B冤 Jayisorganizingapartyfortheretiringdean.C冤 Jayissurprisedtolearnofthepartyforhim.D冤 ThedeanwillcometoJay爷sbirthdayparty.3.A冤Hefoundhiswalleti
5、nhisbriefcase.B冤 Hewenttothelost-and-foundoffice.C冤 Hetoldthewomantogoandpickuphiscar.D冤 Helefthisthingswithhiscarinthegarage.1要六级2014.64.A冤Theshowhedirectedturnedouttobeasuccess.B冤 Hewatchesonlythosecomediesbyfamousdirectors.C冤 TVcomedieshavenotimprovedmuchsincethe1960s.D冤 Newcomediesareexciting,ju
6、stlikethoseinthe1960s.5.A冤Themanshouldstopboilingthevegetables.B冤 Themanshouldtryoutsomenewrecipes.C冤 Overcookedvegetablesareoftentasteless.D冤 Allvegetablesshouldbecookedfresh.6.A冤Helpthemtidyupthehouse.B冤Sortouttheirtaxreturns.C冤 Helpthemtodecodeamessage.D冤Figureoutawaytoavoidtaxes.7.A冤Thewomanrema
7、insatotalmysterytohim.B冤 Thewomanisstilltryingtofinishherwork.C冤 Hehasdevotedawholemonthtohisresearch.D冤 Hedidn爷texpecttocompletehisworksosoon.8.A冤Hehasfailedtoregisterforthecourse.B冤 Hewouldliketomajorinpsychologytoo.C冤 Thereshouldbemoretimeforregistration.D冤 Developmentalpsychologyisnewlyoffered.Q
8、uestions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A冤Thebrilliantproductdesign.B冤 Theuniquecraftsmanship.C冤 Thenewcolourcombinations.D冤 Thetextureofthefabrics.10.A冤Fancyproducts.B冤Localhandicrafts.C冤 TraditionalThaisilks.DUniquetouristattractions.11.A冤Itwillstarttomorrow.B冤 Itwilllastonlyoneda
9、y.C冤 Itwillbeoutintothecountryside.D冤 Itwillbeonthefollowingweekend.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A冤Ayearofpracticaltraining.B冤 Ahappychildhood.2要六级2014.6C冤 Apleasantneighbourhood.D冤 Agoodsecondaryeducation.13.A冤Heisgoodatcarpentry.B冤 Heisacademicallygifted.C冤 Heshouldb
10、esenttoaprivateschool.D冤 Heoughttogetgoodvocationaltraining.14.A冤DonwellSchool.B冤 CarltonAbbey.C冤 EnderbyHigh.D冤 EnderbyComprehensive.15.A冤Findoutmoreaboutthefiveschools.B冤 Sendtheirchildrentoabetterprivateschool.C冤 Talkwiththeirchildrenabouttheirdecision.D冤 PutKeithinagoodboardingschool.SectionBDir
11、ections: Inthissection,youwillhear 3 shortpassages. Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA冤,B冤,C冤andD冤.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrou
12、ghthecentre.注意院此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答遥PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A冤Itwillbewellventilated.B冤 Itwillbebrightlylit.C冤 Itwillprovideeasyaccesstothedisabled.D冤 Itwillhavealargespaceforstorage.17.A冤Oppositetothelibrary.B冤Onthesamefloorasthelabs.C冤 Onthefirstfloor.DOnthegroun
13、dfloor.18.A冤Tomakethebuildingappeartraditional.B冤 Tocuttheconstructioncosttotheminimum.C冤 Tomatchthestyleofconstructiononthesite.D冤 Toembodythesubcommittee爷sdesignconcepts.3要六级2014.6PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A冤Sellfinancialsoftware.B冤 Writefinancialsoftware.C冤
14、Conductresearchonfinancialsoftware.D冤 Trainclientstousefinancialsoftware.20.A冤Rewarding.B冤Unsuccessful.C冤 Tedious.DImportant.21.A冤Heprovidedindividualsupport.B冤 Heheldgroupdiscussions.C冤 Hegavethetraineeslecturenotes.D冤 Heofferedonlinetutorials.22.A冤Nobodyisabletosolvealltheproblemsinacoupleofweeks.
15、B冤 Thefaultmightlieinhisstyleofpresentingtheinformation.C冤 Thetrainees爷 problemshadtobedealtwithonebyone.D冤 Theemployeeswereabitslowtofollowhisinstruction.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A冤Theirteachersmeetthemonlyinclass.B冤 Theirparentstendtooverprotectthem.C冤 The
16、yhavelittleclosecontactwithadults.D冤 Theyrarelyreadanybooksaboutadults.24.A冤Writersandlawyersarebroughtintotalktostudents.B冤 Real-lifecasesaresimulatedforstudentstolearnlaw.C冤 MoreTeacherandWriterCollaborativesarebeingsetup.D冤 Opportunitiesarecreatedforchildrentobecomewriters.25.A冤Childrenliketoform
17、partnershipswitheachother.B冤 Childrenareoftenthebestteachersofotherchildren.C冤 Pairedlearningcultivatesthespiritofcooperation.D冤 Sixth-graderscanteachfirst-gradersaswellasteachers.SectionCDirections: Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthe4要六级2014.6firsttime,youshouldl
18、istencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesec鄄ondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意院此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答遥Testsmaybethemostunpopularpartofacademiclife.Studentshatethembecauseth
19、eypro-ducefearand 渊26冤 aboutbeingevaluated,andafocusongradesinsteadoflearningforlearning爷ssake.Buttestsarealsovaluable.Awell-constructedtest 渊27冤 whatyouknowandwhatyoustillneedtolearn.Testshelpyouseehowyourperformance 渊28冤 thatofothers.Andknow-ingthatyou爷llteston 渊29冤 materialiscertainlylikelyto 渊30
20、冤 youtolearnthema-terialmorethoroughly.However,there爷sanotherreasonyoumightdisliketests:Youmayassumethattestshavethepowerto 渊31冤 yourworthasaperson.Ifyoudobadlyonatest,youmaybetemptedtobe-lievethatyou爷vereceivedsome 渊32冤 informationaboutyourselffromtheprofessor,infor-mationthatsaysyou爷reafailureinso
21、mesignificantway.Thisisadangerous要andwrong-headed要assumption.Ifyoudobadlyonatest,itdoesn爷tmeanyou爷reabadpersonorstupid.Orthatyou爷llneverdobetteragain,andthatyourlifeis渊33冤 .Ifyoudon爷tdowellonatest,you爷rethesamepersonyouwerebeforeyoutookthetest要nobetter,noworse.Youjustdidbadlyonatest.That爷sit.渊34冤 ,t
22、estsarenotameasureofyourvalueasanindividual要theyareameasureonlyofhowwellandhowmuchyoustudied.Testsaretools;theyareindirectand 渊35冤measuresofwhatweknow.PartIII ReadingComprehension 渊40minutes冤SectionADirections: Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfroma
23、listofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45areb
24、asedonthefollowingpassage.MillionsofAmericansareenteringtheir60sandaremoreconcernedthaneveraboutretire-5要六级2014.6ment.Theyknowtheyneedtosave,buthowmuch?Andwhatexactlyaretheysavingfor要tospendmoretime36thegrandkids,gotravelling,orstartanothercareer?Itturnsoutthathusbandsandwivesmayhave37differentideas
25、aboutthesubject.Thedeepestdivideisinthewayspousesenvisagetheirlifestyleintheirlateryears.FidelityIn-vestmentsInc.found41percentofthe500couplesitsurveyed38onwhetherbothoratleastonespousewillworkinretirement.Wivesaregenerallyrightregardingtheirhusbands爷 retirementage,butmen39theagetheirwiveswillbewhen
26、theystopworking.Andhusbandsareslightlymore40abouttheirstandardoflivingthanwivesare.Busy juggling 渊穷于应付冤 careersandfamilies,mostcouplesdon爷ttakethetimetositdown,41ortogether,andthinkaboutwhattheywouldliketodo5,10,or20yearsfromnow.They42theyareonthesamepage,butthe43istheyhaveavoidedeventalkingaboutit.
27、Ifyouareself-employedorinajobthatdoesn爷thaveastandardretirementage,youmaybemoreapttodelaythinkingabouttheseissues.Itisoftena44retirementdatethatprovidesthe cat鄄alyst 渊催化剂冤 tostartplanning.Gettinglaidofforacceptinganearly-retirement45canforceyourhand.Butdon爷twaituntilyougetaseverance 渊遣散费冤 checktobeg
28、inplanning.注意院此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答遥A冤 assumeB冤confidentialC冤disagreeD冤formulaE冤 forthcomingF冤illustratingG冤mysteriouslyH冤observeI冤 optimisticJ冤packageK冤radicallyL冤realityM冤 separatelyN冤spoilingO冤underestimateSectionBDirections: Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstate
29、mentcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron AnswerSheet2.WhatIfMiddle-ClassJobsDisappear?A冤 ThemostrecentrecessionintheUni
30、tedStatesbeganinDecemberof2007andendedinJuneof2009,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.However,twoyearsaftertheof-ficialendoftherecession,fewAmericanswouldsaythateconomictroublesarebehindus.Theunemploymentrate,inparticular,remainsabove9%.Somelabourmarketindicators,suchastheproportionoflon
31、g-termunemployed,areworsenowthanforanypost-warrecession.6要六级2014.6B冤 Therearetwowidelycirculatednarrativestoexplainwhat爷sgoingon.TheKeynesiannarrativeisthattherehasbeenamajordropinaggregatedemand.Accordingtothisnarrative,theslumpcanbelargelycuredbyusingmonetaryand fiscal 渊财政的冤 stimulus.Themainanti-K
32、eynesiannarrativeisthatbusinessesaresufferingfromuncertaintyandover-regulation.Accordingtothisnarrative,theslumpcanbecuredbyhavingthegovernmentcommittoandfollowamorehands-offapproach.C冤 Iwanttosuggestathirdinterpretation.Withoutrulingoutaroleforaggregatedemandorfortheregulatoryenvironment,Iwishtosug
33、gestthatstructuralchangeisanimportantfactorinthecur-rentrateofhighunemployment.Theeconomyisinastateoftransition,inwhichthemid-dle-classjobsthatemergedafterWorldWarIIhavebeguntodecline.AsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeputitinarecente-book RaceAgainsttheMachine: 野Therootofourproblemsisnotthatwe爷reinag
34、reatrecession,oragreat stagnation 渊停滞冤,butratherthatweareintheearly throes 渊阵痛冤 ofagreatrestructuring.冶D冤 Infact,IbelievethattheGreatDepressionofthe1930scanalsobeinterpretedinpartasaneco-nomictransition.Theimpactoftheinternal combustionengine 渊内燃机冤 andthesmallelectricmotoronfarmingandmanufacturingre
35、ducedthevalueofuneducatedlabourers.Instead,bythe1950s,amiddleclassoflargely clerical 渊从事文秘工作的冤 workerswasthemostsignificantpartofthelabourforce.Between1930and1950,theUnitedStateseconomyunderwentaGreatTransition.Demandfellforhumaneffortsuchaslifting,squeezing,andhammering.Demandin-creasedforworkerswh
36、ocouldreadandfollowdirections.Theevolutionaryprocesseventuallychangedusfromanationoflabourerstoanationofclerks.E冤 Theproportionofemploymentclassifiedas 野clericalworkers冶 grewfrom5.2%in1910toapeakof19.3percentin1980. 渊However,by2000thisproportionhadedgeddownto17.4%.冤 Over-all,workersclassifiedascleri
37、calworkers,technicalworkers,managers,officialsexceeded50%ofthelabourforceby2000.Correspondingdeclinestookplaceinthemanualoccupations.Workersclassifiedaslabourers,otherthanfarmhandsorminers,peakedat11.4%ofthelabourforcein1920butwerebarely6%by1950andlessthan4%by2000.Farmersandfarmlabourersfellfrom33%o
38、fthelabourforcein1910tolessthan15%by1950andonly1.2%in2000.F冤 Theintroductionofthetractorandimprovementsinthefactoryrapidlyreducedthedemandforuneducatedworkers.Bythe1930s,amarginalfarmhandcouldnotproduceenoughtojustifyhisemployment.Sharecropping,nevermuchbetterthanasubsistenceoccupation,wasnolonger v
39、i鄄able 渊可行的冤.Meanwhile,machineswerereplacingmanufacturingoccupationslikecigar7要六级2014.6rollingandglassblowingforlightbulbs.G冤 Thestructural-transitioninterpretationoftheunemploymentproblemofthe1930swouldbethatthedemandforuneducatedworkersintheUnitedStateshadfallen,butthesupplyremainedhigh.Thehighsch
40、oolgraduationratewasonly8.8%in1912andstilljust29%in1931.By1950,ithadreached59%.Withanewgenerationofworkerswhohadcompletedhighschool,themismatchbetweenskillsandjobshadbeengreatlyreduced.H冤 WhattookplaceaftertheSecondWorldWarwasnottherevivalofa1920seconomy,withitssmallfarmingunits,urbanmanufacturing,a
41、ndpluralityoflabourers.Instead,the1950ssawthecreationofanewsuburbaneconomy,withapluralityofwhite-collarworkers.Withanexpandedtransportationandcommunications infrastructure 渊基础设施冤,businessesneededtelephoneop-erators,shippingclerks,andsimilaroccupations.Ifyoucouldread,followsimpleinstructions,andsettl
42、eintoaroutine,youcouldfindajobinthepost-wareconomy.I冤 Thetrendawayfrommanuallabourhascontinued.Evenwithinthemanufacturingsector,theshareofproductionandnon-supervisoryworkersinmanufacturingemploymentwentfromover85%justaftertheSecondWorldWartolessthan70%inmorerecentyears.Toputthisanotherway,theproport
43、ionofwhite-collarworkinmanufacturinghasdoubledoverthepast50years.Onthefactoryflooritself,workhasbecomelessphysicallydemanding.Instead,itrequiresmorecognitiveskillsandtheabilitytounderstandandcarryoutwell-definedprocedures.J冤 Asnotedearlier,theproportionofclericalworkersintheeconomypeakedin1980.Bytha
44、tdate,computersandadvancedcommunicationsequipmenthadalreadybeguntoaffecttelephoneoper-ationsandbanking.TheriseofthepersonalcomputerandtheInternethaswidenedtheimpactofthesetechnologiestoincludenearlyeverybusinessandindustry.K冤 Theeconomytodaydiffersfromthatofagenerationago.Mortgageandconsumerloan und
45、er鄄writers 渊风险评估人冤 havebeenreplacedbycreditscoring.Recordstoreshavebeenreplacedbymusicdownloads.Bookstoresareclosing,whilesalesofbooksonelectronicreadershavein-creased.Dataentryhasbeenmovedoffshore.Routinecustomersupportalsohasbeen out鄄sourced 渊外包冤 overseas.L冤 Thesetrendsservetolimittheavailabilityo
46、fwell-definedjobs.Ifajobcanbecharacterizedbyaprecisesetofinstructions,thenthatjobisacandidatetobeautomatedoroutsourcedtomodestlyeducatedworkersindevelopingcountries.TheresultiswhatDavidAutorcallsthepolarizationoftheAmericanjobmarket.M冤 UsingthelatestCensusBureaudata,MatthewSlaughterfoundthatfrom2000
47、to2010thereal8要六级2014.6earningsofcollegegraduates 渊withnoadvanceddegree冤 fellbymoreinpercentagetermsthantheearningsofhighschoolgraduates.Infact,overthisperiodtheonlyeducationcategorytoshowanincreaseinearningswasthosewithadvanceddegrees.N冤 Theoutlookformid-skilljobswouldnotappeartobebright.Communicat
48、iontechnologyandcomputerintelligencecontinuetoimprove,puttingmoreoccupationsatrisk.Forexample,manypeopleearnalivingasdrivers,includingtrucksandtaxicabs.However,theageofdriver-lessve-hiclesappearstobemovingcloser.Anotherexampleisinthefieldofeducation.Inthefallof2011,anexperimentwithanonlinecourseinar
49、tificialintelligenceconductedbytwoStanfordprofessorsdrewtensofthousandsof registrants 渊报名者冤.Thisincreasesthestudent-teacherra-tiobyafactorofclosetoathousand.Imaginethenumberofteachingjobsthatmightbeelimi-natedifthiscouldbedoneformath,economics,chemistry,andsoon.O冤 It爷simportanttobearinmindthatwhenwe
50、offerastructuralinterpretationofunemployment,a野lossofjobs冶 meansanincreaseinproductivity.Traditionally,economistshavearguedthatpro-ductivityincreasesareagoodthing,eventhoughtheymaycauseunemploymentforsomework-ersintheshortrun.Inthelongrun,theeconomydoesnotrunoutofjobs.Rather,newjobse-mergeasoldjobsd
