1、2009 年高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读课堂综合练习七一 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。ABelieve it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons(人字形), pa
2、inted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation(基金会) for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevro
3、ns and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive (too great) speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundatio
4、n will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards (danger) are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to
5、 full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the n
6、umber of traffic accidents.1. The passage mainly discusses _.A. a new way of highway speed controlB. a new pattern for painting highwaysC. a new way of training driversD. a new type of optical illusion2. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that _.A. they should avoid speed-related h
7、azardsB. they are driving in the wrong lane C. they should slow down their speedD. they are coming near to the speed limit3. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former _.A. can keep drivers awake B. can cut road accidents in half C. will look more attractive D. will
8、have a longer effect on drivers4. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to _.A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas B. change the road signs across the country C. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevronsD. repeat the Japanese road patterns5. What doe
9、s the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?A. They are suitable only on broad roads.B. They are falling out of use in the United States.C. They are ignored in a long period of time.D. They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.BThe common cold is the worlds most w
10、idespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already ha
11、s one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail
12、 dropped from airplanes.During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that
13、 they seldom had colds.At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and
14、then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds,
15、why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most painstaking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.No
16、one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms(症状). 6. The writer offered _ examples to support his argument.A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 37. Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?A. The Eskimo
17、s do not suffer from colds all the time.B. Colds are not caused by cold.C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already had one.8. Arctic explorers may catch colds when _.A. they are working in the isolated Arctic region
18、sB. they are writing reports in terribly cold weatherC. they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regionsD. they are coming into touch again with the outside world9. The passage mainly discusses _.A. the experiments on the common cold B. the fallacy about the common coldC. the reason and the wa
19、y people catch coldsD. the continued spread of common coldsC According to a famous optical(光学) expert, Alexander, who recently visited Shanghai, the developed countries in Europe and America have made rules that children must wear resinous(树脂) glasses instead of the traditional glasses made of glass
20、. This is because the glass glasses are more likely to do harm to childrens eyesight. Alexander pointed out: wearing the right glasses as soon as possible is still the best way to cure and put right childrens eyesight problems. In America and Japan the resinous glasses have taken up 80 percent of th
21、e glasses market. And some European countries and America have made it a law that children, teenagers and drivers must wear resinous glasses. Now, about 10 million children in China have different eyesight problems and they need timely treatment. But still, too many parents are buying the traditiona
22、l glass glasses for their children. This is mainly because many parents know little or nothing about the good points of the resinous glasses. Besides, the price for the new glasses is a little higher than the traditional ones. 10. This news article mainly wants to tell us _.A. Alexander visited Chin
23、a and introduced a new type of glassesB. we should wear resinous glasses instead of glass glasses C. resinous glasses are popular in Europe and AmericaD. glasses can be made of other materials instead of glass11. According to Alexander, the “timely treatment” to eyesight problems is _. A. to stop we
24、aring glass glasses any moreB. to buy a pair of glasses and wear them right awayC. to wear suitable resinous glasses at the right timeD. to buy glasses made in Europe, Japan or America if possible12. It can be inferred from this news text that _. A. resinous glasses are not on sale in China yetB. re
25、sinous glasses are not acceptable in ChinaC. glass glasses have disappeared on western market because there is a law against themD. glass glasses are the first choice in China not only because of their priceDWe spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. With the car full of flowers we were go
26、ing home. On our way back my wife noticed a cupboard (柜厨) outside a furniture shop. It was tall and narrow. “Buy it, ” my wife said at once. “Well carry it home on the roof rack. Ive always wanted one like that.” What could I do? Ten minutes later I was 20 poorer; and the cupboard was tied on the ro
27、of rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too.In the gathering darkness I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed unusually polite that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, “Theres a long line
28、 of cars behind. Why dont they overtake, I wonder?” In fact a police car did overtake. The two officers inside looked at us seriously as they passed. But then, with great kindness, they led us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car stopped at our village church. One of the officers came to me
29、.“Right, sir, ” he said. “Do you need any more help?” I was a bit puzzled. “Thanks, officer, ” I said. “You have been very kind. I live just on the road.” He was staring at our car, first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. “Well, well, ” he said, laughing. “Its a cupboard youve got there! We thou
30、ght it was something else.” My wife began to laugh. The truth hit me like a stone between the eyes. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, its a cupboard, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could. 13. In fact the husband _ the cupboard.A. would like very much to buy B. badly wanted C. was glad to
31、have bought D. would rather not buy14. Other drivers thought they were _.A. carrying a cupboard to the churchB. sending flowers to the churchC. carrying nothing but a piece of furnitureD. going to attend a funeral(葬礼 ) at the church15. The police will be more polite to those who are _.A. driving in
32、gathering darkness B. in great sorrow (悲痛)C. driving with wild glowers in the car D. carrying furniture16. What did the husband think of this matter?A. It was very strange. B. He felt ashamed of it.C. He took great pride in it. D. He was puzzled at it.A【答案解析】为了控制车速，减少交通事故，美国决定在公路上画人字形标志。1. A。主旨题。通读全
33、文，我们可以知道，在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快，从而达到控制车速的目的。2. C。细节题。由 But stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.可知 C 项正确。3. D。推断题。由最后两段对比可知，人字形线比直线、平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响。4. A。细节题。 根据 paint chevrons and other p
34、atterns of stripes on selected roads around the country，可知他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。5. C。推断题。根据 However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars 可知。B【答案解析】本文为议论文。阐述了 “感冒不是由寒冷引起的”观点。6. B。细节题。作者举了 5 个例子来说明自己的观点：Eskimos; explorers in isolated Arctic
35、 regions; soldiers during the First World War; prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp; volunteers in Experiments.7. C。细节题。选项 A、B、D 均与原文相符(见第二段) ，而选项 C 显然与文中的 You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. 不相符，故选 C。8. D。细节题 从 explorers have r
36、eported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside 中可以知道，这些探险者是因为与外界接触而感冒的。9. B。主旨题。第二段的第一、二句 The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not.是本文的主题句。全文主要阐述了“感冒不是由寒冷引起的”这一观点。C【答案与解析】本文指出：传统的玻璃眼镜可能对眼睛产生很大的危害，目前世界上很多国家都
37、在使用树脂眼镜，并建议中国小孩也使用树脂眼镜。10. B。主旨题。根据文章第 1 段第 1 句 children must wear resinous(树脂) glasses instead of the traditional glasses made of glass 可推知此题答案为 B。11. C。推断题。根据文章第 2 段 wearing the right glasses as soon as possible is still the best way to cure and put right childrens eyesight problems 可推知此题答案为 C。12.
38、 D。细节题。根据文章第 4 段第 2 句 This is mainly because many parents know little or nothing about the good points of the resinous glasses 可推知此题答案为 D。D【答案与解析】作者在采花回家的路上，妻子又买了一个柜子装在车上，其他的司机及警察都以为他们是去给人送葬，所以纷纷给其让路。13. D。推断题。根据文章第 2 段作者对买柜子的想法：要花钱、又长又笨重，从而推断出作者心里不愿意，由此可知答案为 D。14. D。推断题。根据第 4 段倒数第 2 句：警察的车停在教堂及第 7 段警察看车的情形：看了花草又看柜子，说：我们以为是别的什么东西。可推断出此题答案为 D。15. B。推断题。根据文章中对警察关心作者的描述及警察对作者车上东西的看法可推断出警察以为作者去参加葬礼，所以对作者特别关心，由此可知答案为 B。16. B。推断题。根据文章最后一段的描述：好像一块石头击中了我的眉心，于是我尽快地把车开回家，可看出作者对此很羞愧，从而推断出此题答案为 B。
