1、农历 24 节气的英文翻译： THE 24 SOLAR TERMS 立春 spring begins 雨水 the rains 惊蛰 insects awaken 春分 vernal equinox 清明 clear and bright 谷雨 grain rain 立夏 summer begins 小满 grain buds 芒种 grain in ear 夏至 summer solstice 小暑 slight heat 大暑 great heat 立秋 autumn begins 处暑 stopping the heat 白露 white dews 秋分 autumn equinox 寒
2、露 cold dews 霜降 hoar-frost falls 立冬 winter begins 小雪 light snow 大雪 heavy snow 冬至 winter solstice 小寒 slight cold 大寒 great cold 天干：heavenly stems 甲 the first of the ten Heavenly Stems 乙 the 2nd of the ten Heavenly Stems 丙 the 3th of the ten Heavenly Stems 丁 the 4th of the ten Heavenly Stems 戊 the 5th o
3、f the ten Heavenly Stems 己 the 6th of the ten Heavenly Stems 庚 the 7th of the ten Heavenly Stems 辛 the 8th of the ten Heavenly Stems 壬 the 9th of the ten Heavenly Stems 癸 the last of the ten Heavenly Stems 地支：Earthly Branches 子 丑 寅 卯 辰 巳 午 未 申 酉 戊 亥（翻译同上）文化词汇的翻译1. 元宵节： Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroid
4、ery3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法： Calligraphy 7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan /Quadrangle 11. 战国：Warring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bow
5、l 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事： Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Drama 23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Ric
6、e Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅：Hot Pot 27. 四人帮：Gang of Four 28. 诗经：The Book of Songs 29. 素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education 30. 史记：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31. 大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement) 32. 西游记：The Journey to the West 33. 除夕：Chine
7、se New Years Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34. 针灸：Acupuncture 35. 唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36. 中国特色的社会主义： Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics 37. 偏旁：radical 38. 孟子：Mencius 39. 亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic 40. 大中型国有企业： Large and
8、 Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises 41. 火药：gunpowder 42. 农历：Lunar Calendar 43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp 44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization 45. 京剧： Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46. 秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 47. 太极拳：Tai Chi 48. 独生子女证：The Certificate of One-
9、child 49. 天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50. 小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51. 红双喜：Double Happiness 52. 政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor 53. 春卷：Spring Roll(s) 54. 莲藕：Lotus Root 55. 追星族：Star Struck 56. 故宫博物院：The Palace Museum 57. 相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue 58. 下岗：Lay off/Laid off 59. 北京烤鸭：Beij
10、ing Roast Duck 60. 高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education 61. 烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker 62. 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 63. 电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit 64. 香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao 65. 文化大革命：Cultural Revolution 66. 长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River 67. 门当户对：Perfect Ma
11、tch/Exact Match 68. 水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh 69. 中外合资企业：Joint Ventures 70. 文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：“The Four Treasure of the Study“ “Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone“71.兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍：cheongsam中国位于亚洲东部，它是世界上人口最多的国家。中国是四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的深林、雄伟壮丽的瀑布(waterfalls)、秀丽的湖泊、如利剑直插
12、云霄的山峰以及富有中华文化光辉的古迹(antiquity)，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物(historical relics)包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿(palaces)及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。China lies in the east of Asia. It is a country which is the most densely populated in the world. China is one of the four countries in the world
13、 with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of glorious Chinese an
14、tiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearl sand jewels, historic sites and scenic
15、 spots, palaces and ,edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won peoples admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.当前我国经济发展的势头良好，经济增长基本做到了速度、质量和效益的平衡。但是，我们应该清醒地看到，世界上没有一个国家的经济发展会长盛不衰，永远保持高速度，中国也不可能例外。改革开放取得的成就是有目共睹的，但是
16、，随着经济形势的变化，又出现了一些新的矛盾和问题。比如。国企(state-owned enterprises)改革问题、工人大量失业问题、金融风险问题及生态环境破坏问题等。这些问题都需要我们高度重视，尽快找到有效的解决办法。Nowadays, the development of national economy maintains a good momentum. The economic growth has kept the balance between speed, quality and economic benefit. But it is also clear to us th
17、at there are no countries in the world that can perpetuate an economic boom and high-speed growth. China wont be an exception. The achievements of the reform have been there for all to see. However, as the economic environment changes there occurred new problems. These include the reform of the stat
18、e-owned enterprises, substantial unemployment rate, risks in the financial sector and ecological and environmental damage. All of them require our immediate attention and effective solutions in the shortest time possible.天津市古文化街于 1986 年元旦建成开业，全长 687 米，为模仿清民间建筑风格。它坐落在南开区海河西岸，是一条商业步行街，值得一看。再者，古文化街是天津市
19、的发祥地，也是天津最早的文化、宗教和商业中心。天后宫（即著名的妈祖庙）就在这条街的中心。这条街上出售古玩、古旧书籍、传统手工艺制品和民俗用品。天津的民间艺术品杨柳青年画、泥人张彩塑、风筝魏风筝、刘氏砖刻在此也都设有专店。这里还有风味小吃，如茶汤、锅巴菜、耳朵眼炸糕。Opened on New Years Day in 1986, the Ancient Culture Street in Tianjin city is 687 meters long, with its architecture imitating the folk style of the Qing Dynasty. Loc
20、ated on the west bank of Haihe River in Nankai District, it is a commercial pedestrian street which is worth visiting. Furthermore, this street is known as the Cradle of Tianjin, and is the first cultural, religious and business centre of the city. In its centre is the famous Tianhou (Heavenly Queen
21、) Temple, more popularly known as Mazu. Antiques, ancient books, traditional handicrafts and folk products are sold here. Additionally, the traditional folk-art Yangliuqing New Year paintings, Niren Zhangs Colour-Clay Figurines, Wei Kites and Liu Carvings all have their shops there. There are also l
22、ocal snacks such as Cha Soup, Guobacai, Earhole Fried Cake, etc.故宫，又名紫禁城，为明清共二十四位皇帝统治中国近 500 年的皇宫。它位于北京市中心，在天安门广场的北侧，形状为长方形。南北长 960 米，东西宽 750 米，占地 72 公顷，总建筑面积达 15 万平方米。故宫是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木构宫殿。它分为外朝和内廷两部分，外朝是皇帝上朝处理国家大事的地方，内廷是皇帝和皇室的居住地。1987 年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。The Imperial Palace, also called the Fo
23、rbidden City was the palace where the 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for roughly 500 years. The Imperial Palace is located in the center of Beijing, on the northern side of Tiananmen Square, rectangular in shape, 960 meters from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to
24、 west, with an area of 72 hectares and a total floor space of 150 000 square meters. Its the worlds largest and most integral palace made of wood in existence. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court was the place where the emperors gave aud
25、ience and handled state affairs, while the inner court was the living quarters for the emperors and their families. In 1987 the Imperial Palace was listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites.中国人使用筷子已经有 3 000 多年的历史了。中国的筷子夹菜的一端是圆的，象征着天；另一端是方的，象征着地。这是因为，维持充足的食物供应是天地之间最重要的事情。中国有个古老
26、的风俗，女子出嫁时要用筷子当嫁妆，因为“筷子”与“快子”谐音。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，吃饭时一直握着筷子是不礼貌的。将菜送入口中后，应立刻把筷子放下。吃饭时，用筷子指着别人会对其造成冒犯。【精彩译文】There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks. Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square w
27、hich symbolizes the earth. It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth. There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be a part of a girls dowry. Kuaizi (chopsticks) is pronounced the same as “kuai zi”.The latter sy
28、mbolized “quick” and “son”. According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal. As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should put down the chopsticks. It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the mea
29、l.京剧被奉为中国的国粹，来源于 18 世纪晚期的安徽和湖北的当地剧种。京剧是中国所有剧种中最有影响力和代表性的，在中国乃至世界享有声誉。京剧完美融合了多种艺术形式。京剧集传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、杂耍、武术于一身，以华丽的戏服、逼真的脸谱和程式化的演出套路而闻名。京剧脸谱上每一种图形和亮丽的颜色都有象征意义：红色表示忠诚，蓝色表示残暴，黑色表示正直。【精彩译文】Known as Chinas national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in
30、 Anhui and Hubei Provinces. Peking Opera is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world. Peking Opera is a harmonious combination of many art forms. It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry
31、, acrobatics and martial arts. It is famous for its exquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules. Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty; blue suggests cruelty; black suggests h
32、onesty.红楼梦由曹雪芹和高鹗所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了贾家从一个富裕、有权有势的家族沦落为破落家庭的过程。小说成功塑造了 100 多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。红楼梦对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘,如果要了解中国人复杂的价值观,最好先能读懂红楼梦 。 毛主席评价道：“红楼梦不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它描述了封建时代的兴败。 ”【精彩译文】A Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xueqin and Gao-E. The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting
33、how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash. In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed. These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty. A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal soci
34、ety. To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions. “It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal period,” said Chairman Mao.端午节可以追溯到公元前 227 年的战国时代。这个节日是为了纪念楚国的大夫屈原，他因
35、为对朝廷的贪污腐败感到绝望而投河自尽。镇上的人纷纷冲上船去救他，却没有成功。后来大家把米撒到水里，希望把饥饿的鱼群从他的躯体边引开。多年以后，屈原逝世的故事逐渐演变成赛龙舟和吃粽子(一种包在竹叶中的米食) 的传统。2009年，端午节被联合国教科文组织宣布为非物质文化遗产。【精彩译文】The Dragon Boat Festival can date back to the Warring States Period in 227 B.C. The festival commemorates Qu Yuan, a minister in the service of the Chu Empero
36、r. Despairing over corruption at court, Qu threw himself into a river. Townspeople jumped into their boats and tried in vain to save him. Then, hoping to distract hungry fish from his body, the people scattered rice into the water. Over the years, the story of Qus death transformed into the traditio
37、ns of racing dragon boats and eating zongzia kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival was proclaimed an intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2009.每年 4 月 4 日到 6 日左右的清明节是传统的扫墓的日子。在这一天，人们祭悼去世的亲人，到
38、先人的坟头上扫墓。唐朝著名诗人杜牧有一首著名的诗，描述了四月初令人伤感的一幕场景：“清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。 ”与清明节扫墓的悲哀相反，人们在这个日子怀揣着春的希望。清明时节，阳光明媚，树木和小草吐绿，大自然生机盎然。从古代起，人们就去春游。清明时节，游客遍地。如今，清明节是中国大陆的法定假日。清明节 the Qingming Festival扫墓 tomb-sweeping去世 depart唐朝 the Tang Dynasty杜牧 Du Mu清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by wi
39、th lowered spirits go.与相反 in contrast to春游 Spring outing中国大陆 mainland China法定假日 statutory public holiday【精彩译文】The Qingming Festival, the traditional tomb-sweeping day, falls on April 4-6 each year. It is a time for remembering loved ones who departed. People visit their ancestors graves to sweep awa
40、y the dirt. A well-known poem by the Tang Dynasty Du Mu tells of a sad scene in early April: “Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes, and passers-by with lowered spirits go.” In contrast to the sadness of the tomb-sweeping, people also enjoy hope of Spring on this day. The Qingming Festival is a time
41、when the sun shines brightly, the trees and grass become green and nature is again lively. Since ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outing. At this time tourists are everywhere. Today, the Qingming Festival is a statutory public holiday in mainland China.农历八月十五日是中国的传统节日 中秋节。在这天
42、，每个家庭都团聚在一起，一家人共同观赏象征丰裕、和谐和好运的圆月。此时，大人们尽情吃着美味的月饼，品着热腾腾的香茗，而孩子们则在一旁拉着明亮的兔子灯尽情玩耍。月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的神话故事赋予了这个节日神话色彩。传说古时候，天空曾有 10 个太阳围着地球旋转。后翌射下了其中 9 个太阳，拯救了地球上的生灵。他偷了长生不老药，却被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，从而产生了嫦娥奔月的故事。【精彩译文】The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month. It is a time for family
43、members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck. Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns. The festival was endowed a mytholo
44、gical flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon. According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it. Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth. He stole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal. However, his wife, Chang-E
45、drank it. Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came into being. “七夕节” ， 农历七月七日，是一个充满浪漫色彩的传统节日，是庆祝牛郎和织女一年一度相会的日子。他们的爱情不被允许，因此他们被驱逐而分隔于银河两岸。每年的农历七月七日，喜鹊会来搭桥使这对情侣来相会。如今，一些传统的中国风俗仍在农村奉行，在城市却已经削弱。然而，牛郎和织女的传说已经深入人心。近些年来，尤其是城市的年轻人把它当作中国的情人节来庆祝。因此，花店、酒吧和商店的老板非常高兴，因为他们可以卖出更多的商品。The Double Seventh
46、Festival, on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance. It celebrates the annual meeting of Niu Lang (Cowherd) and Zhi n (Weaver Maid). Their love was not allowed, and thus they were banished to opposite sides of the Milky Way. Once a year, on the 7th day of the 7
47、th lunar month, a flock of magpies would form a bridge to reunite the lovers for one day. Today some traditional customs are still observed in rural areas of China, but have been weakened in urban cities. However, the legend of the Cowhand and Weaver Maid has taken root in the hearts of people. In r
48、ecent years, in particular, urban youths have celebrated it as Valentines Day in China. As a result, owners of flower shops, bars and stores are full of joy as they can sell more commodities.中医是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏作出了巨大贡献。如今，中医和西医在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局负责。现在国家
49、已经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中草药、针灸、推拿、气功和食疗。中医 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)不可分割的 integral华夏 China诊断手法 diagnostic method系统的 systematic 治疗方式 cure approach丰富的 abundant国家中医药管理局 State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology由负责 under the adminstration of管理 govern新兴产业 promising industry在定义上 by definition中草药 herbal medicine针灸 acupuncture推拿 Tuina气功 Qigong食疗 dietary therapy【精彩译文】Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the pro
