1、2002 年 4 月英语翻译试题及答案课程代码：0087PART ONE. Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiv
2、eness and write it down onthe answer sheet.1.Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlinedin lights.A.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。B.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。C.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整
3、座大桥的轮廓。D.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。2.It will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated.A.这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。B.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。C.知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏会使你进一步坚定信念。D.当你知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时，你就
4、会力量倍增。3.Alice rudely showed me the door.A.爱丽斯无礼地向我指了一下门的位置。B.爱丽斯无礼地让我看了看她的门。C.爱丽斯无礼地把我送到门口。D.爱丽斯无礼地把我轰出了门。4.There“s the bell; someone is at the door.A.那里有个铃；门口有个人。B.那里有个铃；有人在叫门。C.铃响了，有人在门口。D.铃响了，有人叫门。5.There is no one of us but wishes to go to the exhibition.A.我们每一个人都想去看展览。B.没有谁想去看展览。C.我们都没在，但有人想请我们
5、去看展览。D.虽然大家都没在，但我们都希望去看展览。6.The car beeped at me until I fastened my seatbelt.A.汽车向我发出了嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C.汽车在我系上安全带之前才发出嘟嘟的声音。D.汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。7.流传久远的作品是靠文学技巧流传，谁会关心百十年前的生活?A. Literary works have stood the test to time because of the skill, who today really cares about the
6、details of life ahundred years ago?B. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill. Who today really cares about the details of life ahundred years ago?C. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written. Who today really caresabout the
7、details of what life was like a hundred years ago?D. Literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written, who today really caresabout the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?8.应该对货币流通量进行控制，使其有利于人民币价值的稳定，有利于经济的增长。A. The volume of money in circula
8、tion should keep at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.B.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level that will stabilize the value of the RMB and encourageeconomic growth.C.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level benefi
9、cial to stabilize the value of the RMB and to encourage economic growth.D.The volume of money in circulation should be kept at a level beneficial to stabilizing the value of the RMB and to economic growth.9.发展是硬道理。A. Development is the hard reason.B. Development is the hard principle.C. Development
10、is the absolute reason.D. Development is the absolute principle.10.不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。A.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources, have great potential for development.B.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development.C.Most of the
11、 less developed areas are rich in resources development potential is very great.D.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and their development potential very great.B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D.Select
12、 the one that best completes each statement and write it down on the answer sheet.11.“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。“这是_提出的。A.鲁迅 B.瞿秋白 C.茅盾 D.郭沫若12.杨宪益说：“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象，既不要夸张，也不要夹带任何别的东西“。他针对的是_。A.任何一种翻译 B.文学翻译C.诗歌翻译 D.汉英翻译13.“上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。“这是_的论述。A.林纾 B.巴尔胡达罗夫 C.泰特勒 D.费多罗夫14.王力先生指出，中
13、国语里多用意合法，_。A.因此连词用得较多 B.因为主从结构用得较多 C.联结成分并非必需 D.联结成分十分需要15.汉语有很多四字成语，译成英语时，译文_。A.一定要保持原文的形象 B.一定要脱离原文的形象 C.一定要符合原文的意思 D.一定要在英语中找到对应的成语PART TWO.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.16.a man of letters17.the gold rush18.national census19
14、.sustainable development20.arid gully21.science fiction22.like a drowned rat23.applied entomology24.an insect-free mon groundB. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26.手语27.新民主主义论28.北伐29.市政府30.跨国公司31.丝绸之路32.泰晤士河33.安理会34.大陆架35.祝酒词.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 points for each)Dir
15、ections: Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies.Improve the given translations.A. Example:原文：He asked after you.译文：他在你之后发问。改译：他问起你的情况。36.原文：By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factoryand have them overseen.译文：到 1820 年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，使他们监督。37.原文：Many exciting an
16、d experimental things in theatre arealso being done in university theatres and community centers.译文：许多令人兴奋的，在剧场里的实验性的东西，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。38.原文：Don“t lose time in doing your homework.译文：别在做作业上浪费时间。39.原文：I discovered that more than desire and emotion werenecessary to write, so I dropped the idea.译文：我发现，
17、要写作，需要更大的愿望和更丰富的感情。于是，我放弃了写作的念头。40.原文：Presently he was met by an elderly parson astride on agray mare, who, as he rode, hummed a wandering tune.译文：过了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，用一种拿不准的语 调嘟囔着甚么，迎面向他走来。41.原文：A friend exaggerates a man“s virtue, an enemy hiscrimes.译文：朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人你的罪过。B.Example:原文：展望二十一世纪
18、，我们坚信前景将更加美好。译文：Look into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future.改译：Looking into the 21st century, we are convinced that there lies an even brighter future.42.原文：这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。译文：In this way, I can render them better service and exc
19、hange feelings with them and also reduce their misunderstandings and conflicts with other passengers.43.原文：中国在自己发展的长河中，形成了优良的历史文化传统。译文：In the prolonged course of China“s development, it has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions.44.原文：科学技术是第一生产力。译文：Science and technology are a first prod
20、uctive force.45.原文：计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。译文：A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, there is planning under capitalism too; a market economy is notcapitalism, there are markets under socialism too.Paragraph Translation (30 points)A. Directions: Translate the following p
21、assage intoChinese.(20 points)46.Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils.Two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction and hea
22、t; but if they are separated by a thin film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated. The oil used for this purpose must be of the correct thickness; if it is too thin it will not give sufficient lubrication, and if it is too thick
23、it will not reach all parts that must be lubricated.B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English.(10 points)47.革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。推翻帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的反动统治，使中国人民的生产力获得解放，这是革命，所以革命是解放生产力。全国 2002 年 4 月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题参考答案.Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)1.C 2.D 3.D 4.
24、D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.C.Phrase Translation(20 points, 1 point for each)A.16.作家17.淘金热18.全国人口普查19.可持续发展20.干涸的峡谷21.科幻小说22.像落汤鸡23.应用昆虫学24.无昆虫的世界25.共同点B.26.sign language27.On New Democracy28.the Northern Expedition29.the Municiple Government30.multinational(或 transnational) co
25、rporation(或company)31.the Silk Road32.the Thames33.the Security Council34.continental shelf35.toast.Translation Improvement(20 points, 2 point for each)A.36.到 1820 年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，在工头监督下劳动。37.许多令人兴奋的实验剧目，也在大学的剧场和社区中心上演。38.抓紧时间做作业吧。39.我发现，要写作，需要的不仅仅是愿望和感情。于是。我放弃了写作的念头。40.过了一会儿，有一个上了年纪的牧师，骑着一匹灰色的母马，
26、一路信口哼着一个小调，迎面向他走来。41.朋友极力赞扬你的美德，敌人极力宣扬你的罪过。B.42.In this way, I can render them better service and befriends with them and also reduce their misunderstandings andconflicts with other passengers.43.In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions
27、.44.Science and technology are a primary productive force.45.A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, because there is planning under capitalism too; a market economy is not capitalism, because there are markets under socialism too.Paragraph TranslationA.46.植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。任何家庭都离不开它，因为做饭的时候就
28、要用它。有些花儿产生的油可以用来制造香水。植物油和动物油还可以用来制作肥皂。两个金属面相擦，就要产生摩擦和热；但如果在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油，就可以减少摩擦，降低热度。任何机械如果不使用一定的润滑剂，就不能持续工作。润滑油浓度必须适当，太稀则起不到应有的润滑作用，太稠则流不到所有需要润滑的零件。47.Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces, and so does reform. The overthrow of the reactionary rule of imperialism , feudalism and
29、 bureaucrat-capitalism helped release the productive forces of the Chinese people. This was revolution, so revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces.2006 英语四级答案英语四级翻译试题及答案PartVI Translation 87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to _ (适应不同文化中的生活)88. Since m
30、y childhood I have found that _ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)89. The victim _ (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time90.Some psychologists claim that people _ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独)91The nations population continues to rise _ (以每年 1200 万人的速度)答案：87.at a speed of 12 million per year88.nothing is more attractiv
31、e to me than reading89.would have survived90.might feel lonely when they leave home and take a journeyadapt oneself to live in different cultures翻译题详解：87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to_ (适应不同文化中的生活)答案：adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures常考词组 adapt ones
32、elf to 这是往年词汇部分的常考重点词组，也是我们教学中一直强调的知识点。其中最大的陷阱在于，其一，adapt 需要增加一个反身代词作泛指主语 oneself, 其二， to 后面应该跟一个名词，或者动名词 doing，而不可以直接跟动词原型作不定式。如果考生在 to 后面直接加动词原型 live 则会马失前蹄。88. Since my childhood I have found that _ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)答案：nothing is more attractive to me than reading 或 to me, nothing is more importan
33、t than reading本题考察固定搭配 noting is more important than 这是作文老师历来推崇的精彩搭配，此外，由于英语和汉语的语言差异，汉语中的一些动宾结构常常在英语中以不及物动词表示，比如唱歌 singing, 跳舞 dancing, 开车 driving 读书reading 等等。因此， “读书”正确的译文不应是 reading books, 而应是 reading。至于该宾语从句的时态问题，则涉及到很多同学写作文时就时常困惑的一个问题。我们的建议是，当写作目的是叙述时，使用过去时，如果表达的内容是议论或者常识性、真理性内容，则即使主句是过去时，从句也应是
34、现在时。89. The victim_ (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time答案：would have a chance to survive 或 would have a chance of survival本题考点之一是与过去相反的虚拟语气的基本规则用法。考点之二是核心词汇 survive (幸存)和基本词汇 chance(机会)。90.Some psychologists claim that people (出门在外时可能会感到孤独 )答案：might feel lonely when they are far from
35、 home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling. 本题的语法考点仍是虚拟语气，考察了与六月份相同的考点建议句型。本题的词汇考点是 lonely(孤独)和alone(独自 )的辨析，而“出门在外” ，同学们完全可以用自己的语言表达出来。91.The nations population continues to rise (以每年 1200 万人的速度 )答案：at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million本题基本没有语法考点，词汇考点之一是词组 at a speed of (以的速度)；其二是数字 1200 万人的表达，也就是 12 个百万12 million 而 million 后面加上多余的复数 s 则是很多同学容易出现的错误。
