1、2010 年最新版金融词汇（1 ）不景气 slump （衰退 recession） 二板市场 the second board market中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market 首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization 法人股 institutional shares内部股（非上市招股） private company shares 牛市 bull market 法律风险 legal risk 风险管理 risk management坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain s
2、trong underwriting standards六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk 供给学派 supply-side economist第一产业（农业） agriculture (primary industry)第二产业（工业） manufacturing industry (secondary industry)第三产业（服务业） service industry (tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators国内
3、生产总值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）国民生产总值 GNP gross national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita 宏观经济 macro economy 互助基金 mutual fund扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善居民心理预期 inspire the general publics confidence in the future needs鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more immediate consump
4、tion 长期国债 long-term treasury bonds支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt按原口径计算 calculate on the base line按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales 经常项目
5、顺差 favorable balance/ surplus of current account开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi (RMB) business 出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods 保证金台帐制度 Deposit account system for processing trade分期付款 pay by installment保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings 抵押贷款 collateralised loans 住房抵押贷款 residential mo
6、rtgage loan 货币主义者 monetarist 计划经济 planned economy 指令性计划 mandatory plan 技术密集型 technology intensive大规模生产 mass production 经济林 cash tree跟踪审计 follow-up auditing 流动性风险 liquidity risk操作风险 operational risk 内部审计 internal audit 抛售 bear sales 配套政策 supporting policies 中国人民银行（中央银行）The Peoples Bank of China（ cent
7、ral bank）四大国有商业银行 4 major state-owned commercial banks中国银行 Bank of china 中国工商银行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China（）and中国建设银行 Construction Bank of China中国农业银行 Agricultural Bank of China招商银行 China Merchants Bank 疲软股票 soft stock配股 allotment of shares 实际增长率 growth rate in real terms年均增长率 average g
8、rowth rate per annum投资回报率 rate of return on investment 外贸进出口总额 total foreign trade value实际利用外资 incoming overseas capital (investment) in place消费价格指数 consumer price index (CPI)零售价格指数 retail price index （RPI）生活费用价格总指数 total price index of living cost生活费用 income available for living expenses 扣除物价因素 in
9、real terms / on inflation-adjusted basis 居民储蓄存款 residents bank savings deposit恩格尔系数（食品开支占总支出的比例） Engel coefficient基尼系数（衡量地区差别） Gini coefficient购买力平价法 purchasing power parity (PPP) （衡量使用不同货币的两个国家或地区的经济水平、收入水平的一种计算法，用相等的汇率比较两种货币各自的国内购买力）片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth 泡沫经济 bubble economy 经济过热 ove
10、rheating of economy通货膨胀 inflation 实体经济 the real economy 经济规律 laws of economics 市场调节 market regulation优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 规模经营优势 advantage of economies of scale劳动密集型 labor intensive 市场风险 market risk 收紧银根 tighten up monetary policy适度从紧的财政政策 moderately tight fiscal policy信用紧缩 credit
11、 crunch 加强国有商业银行内部资金调度 In state commercial banks, internal capital allocation should be improved. 合理划分贷款审批权限 Limits of authority for examining and approving loans should be rationally defined.保证有市场、有效益、守信用企业的流动资金贷款 ensure floating capital loans for well-performing and trustworthy enterprises which t
12、urn out the right products for the right markets启动民间投资 attract investment from the private sector适销对路的产品 the right products / readily marketable products国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs)集体企业 collectively-owned (partnership) enterprises私营企业 private businesses民营企业 privately-run businesses中小企业 small-
13、and-medium-sized enterprises三资企业（中外合资、中外合作、外商独资） overseas-invested enterprises; foreign-invested enterprises (Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures, Chinese-overseas contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign- owned enterprises)存款保证金 guaranty money for deposits 货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circ
14、ulation 吸收游资 absorb idle fund 经常性贷款 commercial lending经常性支出 operating expenses再贷款 re-lending; subloan支持国有大型企业和高新技术企业上市融资 support large state-owned enterprises and high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on the stock market2010 年最新版金融词汇（1 ）世界经济形势是不断的在变化，
15、对于我们来讲也需要掌握最新的金融类的相关英语词汇，与时俱进。改制上市 An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.进一步规范和发展证券市场 further standardize and develop the securities market增加直接融资比重 increase the proportion of direct financing完善股票发行上市制度 improve the system for
16、 IPO and listing on stock markets中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)深圳证券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange上海证券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange综合指数 composite index纳斯达克（高技术企业板） NASDAQ （National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation主板市场 the main board 通货紧缩 deflation中国现代化建设分三步走的战略 t
17、he three-step development strategy of Chinas modernization drive 第一步，到 1990 年国民生产总值比 1980 年翻一番 Step One: GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到 2000 年人均国民生产总值比 1980 年翻两番，人民生活达到小康水平 Step Two: GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980; people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到 21 世纪中期建国 100 周年时，达到中等发达国家水平
18、 Step Three: By the year 2049, the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C., Chinas level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be more closely linked to the world economy中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned i
19、nto tangible purchasing power.适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应 The economic management system may not be readily adapted to the changes.一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击 Some sectors of economy and some businesses
20、may be adversely affected.立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战 foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization瓶颈制约 bottleneck constraints放权让利 decentralization and interest concess
21、ions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)深化改革 intensify reform; deepen ones commitment to reform配套改革 supporting (concomitant) reforms配套资金 counterpart funds; local funding of提高经济效益 improve economic performance; increase economic returns讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect加速
22、国民经济信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in economy拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes 债转股 debt-to-equity swap头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺） in an easy position (tight position)朝阳产业 sunrise industry招标投标制 th
23、e system of public bidding for project 充分发挥货币政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy实施积极的财政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy向银行增发国债，扩大投资 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.再注资 recapitalization放松银根 to ease monetary policy 信息经济 IT economy外向型经
24、济 export-oriented economy 信息时代 information age全球化 globalization （全球性 globality） 信誉风险 reputational risk风险评级 risk rating到期不还贷 default on a loan资不抵债 insolvency; be insolvent亚洲金融危机 Asian financial crisis (1997-98)投资（贷款）组合 investment (loan) portfolio 外汇储备充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves中国金融业问题 pro
25、blems with financial sector in China储蓄比例过高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply国有企业产负债率过高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises,国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks少数中小存款金融机构不能支付到期债务 insolvency of a handful of small
26、 and medium-sized financial institutions不良贷款 non-performing loans2010 年最新版金融词汇（1 ）世界经济形势是不断的在变化，对于我们来讲也需要掌握最新的金融类的相关英语词汇，与时俱进。改制上市 An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.进一步规范和发展证券市场 further standardize and develop the securi
27、ties market增加直接融资比重 increase the proportion of direct financing完善股票发行上市制度 improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)深圳证券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange上海证券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange综合指数 composite index纳斯达克（高技术企业板） NASDAQ （National Associa
28、tion of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation主板市场 the main board 通货紧缩 deflation中国现代化建设分三步走的战略 the three-step development strategy of Chinas modernization drive 第一步，到 1990 年国民生产总值比 1980 年翻一番 Step One: GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到 2000 年人均国民生产总值比 1980 年翻两番，人民生活达到小康水平 Step Two: GDP of 2000 q
29、uadruples that of 1980; people live a fairly comfortable life.第三步，到 21 世纪中期建国 100 周年时，达到中等发达国家水平 Step Three: By the year 2049, the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C., Chinas level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be more closely linked to the
30、 world economy中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应 The economic management system may n
31、ot be readily adapted to the changes.一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击 Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be adversely affected.立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战 foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challeng
32、e of economic globalization瓶颈制约 bottleneck constraints放权让利 decentralization and interest concessions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)深化改革 intensify reform; deepen ones commitment to reform配套改革 supporting (concomitant) reforms配套资金 counterpart funds; local funding of提高经济效益 improve economic performance;
33、 increase economic returns讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect加速国民经济信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in economy拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes 债转股
34、 debt-to-equity swap头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺） in an easy position (tight position)朝阳产业 sunrise industry招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project 充分发挥货币政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy实施积极的财政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy向银行增发国债，扩大投资 The government issued additional treasury bonds to b
35、anks to increase investment.再注资 recapitalization放松银根 to ease monetary policy 信息经济 IT economy外向型经济 export-oriented economy 信息时代 information age全球化 globalization （全球性 globality） 信誉风险 reputational risk风险评级 risk rating到期不还贷 default on a loan资不抵债 insolvency; be insolvent亚洲金融危机 Asian financial crisis (199
36、7-98)投资（贷款）组合 investment (loan) portfolio 外汇储备充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves中国金融业问题 problems with financial sector in China储蓄比例过高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply国有企业产负债率过高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises,国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高 high ratio of non-p
37、erforming loans of the state commercial banks少数中小存款金融机构不能支付到期债务 insolvency of a handful of small and medium-sized financial institutions不良贷款 non-performing loans010 年最新版金融词汇（3）世界经济形势是不断的在变化，对于我们来讲也需要掌握最新的金融类的相关英语词汇，与时俱进。防范和化解金融风险 address financial risks提高企业借贷和行使民事责任的能力 improve enterprises creditwort
38、hiness and ability to fulfil their civil liabilities监事会 supervisory board实行谨慎会计制度 adopt prudential accounting standards 五级分类法划分贷款质量 the five-category asset classification approach 金融资产管理公司 financial asset management companies分离和收回不良资产 substantially reduce the ratio of non-performing assets 分业管理、规模经营
39、 business segregation, economy of scale规范金融机构市场退出制度 improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions政策性银行 state policy-related bank国家发展银行 State Development Bank 知识经济 knowledge-based economy网络经济 Internet-based networked economy 指导性计划 guidance plan社会主义市场经济（中国） socialist market economy社会市场经
40、济（德国） social market economy新经济（美国） new economy 中国光大银行 Everbright Bank of China中国民声银行 China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.中信实业银行 CITIC Industrial Bank 中国进出口银行 China EXIM Bank汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HKSBC)金融监管 financial supervision中国人民银行法 Law of the Peoples Bank of China商业银
41、行法 Law of Commercial Banks保险法 Law of Insurance证券法 Law of Securities巴塞尔原则 Basel Core Principles监管对象的行为有问题、管理机制不健全 problems of supervised entities behavior and the unsound internal governance mechanism风险意识 consciousness of risk prevention事前监管 proactive regulation and supervision account number 帐目编号dep
42、ositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a check 兑付to dishono
43、r a check 拒付to suspend payment 止付check 支票check book 支票本order check 记名支票bearer check 不记名支票crossed check 横线支票blank check 空白支票rubber check 空头支票check stub, counterfoil 票根cash check 现金支票travelers check 旅行支票check for transfer 转帐支票outstanding check 未付支票canceled check 已付支票forged check 伪支票Bandars note 庄票，银票b
44、anker 银行家 president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de IIndo Chine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, bankers bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行comme
45、rcial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行 issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection
46、委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）n
47、eighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行现在大家都在讨论当前的经济形势，那英语是怎么表达的呢？今天我们就来看看常用的金融术语的英语是怎么翻译的。inflationary spiral
48、 螺旋式上升的通货膨胀 neutrality of the central bank 中央银行的中立性 counter-inflation policy 反通货膨胀对策 open market policy 公开市场政策 deficit-covering finance 赤字财政 fiscal and monetary policy 财政金融政策 harmony of fiscal and monetary policies 财政政策和金融政策的协调 interest rate policy 利率政策 monetary device 金融调节手段 monetary action 金融措施 me
49、asures for monetary ease 金融缓和措施 easy credit 放松信贷 monetary and credit control 货币信用管理 deficit covering 弥补赤字 restrictive lending policy 贷款紧缩政策 over-loan position 贷款超额 credit expansion 信用扩张 credit control instrument 信用调节手段 credit control 信用控制 restrictive monetary policy 紧缩通货膨胀 credit extending policy 融资方针 ultra-cheap money policy 超低息政策 financial transaction 金融业务 monetary market 金融市场 financial unrest 金融动荡 financial crisis 金融危机 financial system 金融体系 financial world 金融界 policy of discount window 窗口指导政
