中考英语语法专题复习5 数词.doc

1、1中考英语语法专题复习 5 数词一、数词概论及具体点拨 (一) 知识概要 数词用来表示人或物的数目多少和顺序。所以数词主要有两种：基数词，用于计数，如：one, two而序数词用于表示位置先后或次序，台： first second其构成法如下：阿拉伯数字 基数词 序数词 简写序数词 1 one first 1st 2 two second 2nd 3 three third 3rd 4 four fourth 4th 5 five fifth 5th 6 six sixth 6th 7 seven seventh 7th 8 eight eighth 8th 9 nine ninth 9th

2、10 ten tenth 10th 11 eleven eleventh 11th 12 twelve twelfth 12th 13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th 15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th 17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18yh 19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 20 twenty twentieth 20th 21 twenty-one tw

3、enty-first 21st 30 thirty thirtieth 30th 40 forty fortieth 40th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th 60 sixty sixtieth 60th 70 seventy seventieth 70th 80 eighty eightieth 80th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th 100 a(one)hundred hundredth 100th 104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th 1000 a(one) thounsand thounsa

4、ndth 1000th 10000 ten thounsand ten thounsandth 10000th 1000000 one million millionth 1000000th 基数词与序数词都有一定的构成方法，但都有特殊例外的几个字，所以除了要学会一2般构成法之外，还要特别记熟一些例外。因它们在考试中出现的频率很高。 1 基数词构成结构 2199 的两位数字，在 10 位和个位之间加连字符构成，如 89-eighty-nine. 的三位数字，由 hundred 加 and 再加二位数或未位数字，如： 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundre

5、d and twenty-three. 四位以上数字，应从个位起向前数三位加逗号，读作 thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号，读作 million,再数三位加逗号，读作 billion，其读法如下： 1001-one thousand and one -five thousand, three hundred and eightysix 要注意的是 hundred, thousand, million 与 billion 的用法。前面有别的基数词时，即若干个百、千、百万、十亿时，其本身都不要加 s，如：three hundred students。 若表示成百，成千或数百，数千时，前面不能有

6、基数词，但其本身要用复数形式，然后+of+名词复数。如：thousands and thousands of。 (成千上万) 2 序数词的构成法 序数词除 first, second, third 以外，其余一般在词尾加 th 构成，除一般略有差异的各别数词外，很容易掌握。其二位数或多位数只将后面的个位数字改为序数词，其前面各位数字均不改变，都用基数词。 3 其他数字表示法 小数的小数点读作 point，零读作 o 或 zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于 1 时，分数要在序数词上加 s，但用 one half, 1 4 用 a quar

7、ter. 读作 one third 而 读作 two thirds。 百分数(%)，读作 per cent (percent),但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。 表示日期有两种说法和四种写法，如：2 月 1 号英语表达法为：the first of February 而美语为 February (the) first,但其书写上可有四种写法 February 1 February 1st 1st February 1/2。 倍数的讲法有所不同。两倍用 twice,而三倍以上用序数词加 times,如：He has three times as many books as I have. (

8、二) 正误辨析 误 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred as seven. 正 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven. 析 在读数字时，如：and 前只有百或千时，用 one hundred/ one thousand 还是a hundred /a thousand 全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千时，则只能用 one 不要用 a。 如果没有 and 时，如：1100 也只能读作 one thousand one hundred 或 eleven hundred. 误

9、 I drove about half mile. 正 I drove about half a mile. 析 半小时为 half an hour, 半天为 half a day, 半镑为 half a pound, 尽量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用 six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是 Half of the work is done Half of the books are sold. 当 Half 作名词时，其谓语动词要看 of 后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词，如是复数名词时，则要

10、用复数谓语动词。要注意的是一个半的表达法，如：One and a half apples is left on the table.其名词要用复数，但谓语动词则要用单数。 误 60 students are playing on the ground. 正 Sixty students are playing on the ground. 析 在句首的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字，如数字过大则应放于句中，3用阿拉伯数字。如： There are 166 students playing on the ground. 误 He became famous around fifty years

11、old. 正 He became famous in his fifties. 析 in his fifties 50 多岁时，而 in the fiflies 在 50 年代。 误 There are about two thousands workers in our factory. 正 There are about two thousand workers in our factory 析 几千，几百的表达法是基数词加 thousand 或加 hundred,而且均不要加 s。这样的单位还有 dozen(打)， score (20 年)等。 误 In the morning ther

12、e are hundred of old people walking in the park. 正 In the morning there are hundreds of old people walking in the park. 析 当表达数百，数千时，要用 hundreds of 和 thousands of 这一结构。 误 The class begins at eight a. m. 正 The class begins at 8 a. m. 析 与符号或与缩写的字母连用时一定要用数字，如：43%， 67 , No.2 误 Two fifth of the books are

13、sold out. 正 Two fifths of the books are sold out. 析 分数表示法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，但分子大于 1 时，分母要在序数词后 加 s。 误 Tom was born on July eighteen. 正 Tom was born on July eighteenth. 析 月日的表达法有美语和英语两种。 美语 July 18 读作 July eighteenth 英语 July 18th 读作 July the eighteenth 误 Ill go to school at 7 a. m. in the morning. 正 Ill

14、go to school at 7 a. m/ at 7 in the morning. 析 a. m 即表达在早上之意，不要再用 in the morning. 误 The film will begin at three quarters past one. 正 The film will begin at one quarter to two. 析 大于 30 分钟时不要使用 past，而要用差多少不到几点的 to 来表达。 误 Three time three is nine. 正 Three times three is nine. 析 times 此处作为“乘“ 讲一定要加 s。

15、英语中乘除法表达式如下： 算法 种类 例 句 加法 一般 Five and six is eleven. 正式 Five plus six is (equals) eleven. 减法 一般 Eight take away four leaves (is) four.Four from Eight leaves (is) four. 正式 Eight minus four equals (is) four. 乘法 一般 Three fours are twelve 34=12 正式 Three times four equals (is) twelve. 一般 Two in to four i

16、s two. 正式 Four divided by two equals two. (三) 例题解析4 1 - How many students are there in your school, Mike? - There are over students in our school. A. two thousands B. two thousands of C. two thousand D. two thousand of 答案 C. 析 有基数词在前面时 thousand， hundred 等词不能加 s，也不能加 of 结构，只有在 thousands of 时才可以使用。 2

17、John lives on floor. He doesnt use a lift to go up and down. A. nineB. the ninthC. ninthD. a ninth 答案 B. 析 序数词前加定冠词，nine 与 ninth 的拼写上有一个 e 字母相差别。 3 Wu Dong won the girls race in the school sports meeting last week. A. 100 metresB. 100 metresC. 100 metreD. 100 metre 答案 D. 析 数词、名词、形容词等词用连字符连接成的形容词中，名词

18、都不要加 s，如：I have to write a two thousand word report.而且由连字符组成的形容词只能放于名词前，不能放于名词后，作后置定语，或用在 be 动词后作表语。 4 There are students in our school. A. four hundred twentyB. four hundred and twentyC. four hundreds twentyD. four hundreds and twenty 答案 B. 5 - How many days are there in a year? - There are . A. th

19、ree hundreds and sixty fiveB. three hundreds sixty five C. three hundred and sixty fiveD. three hundred sixty five 答案 C. 6 We have learned about English words. A. nine hundredsB. nine hundredC. nine hundred of5D. nine hundreds of 答案 B. 7 Autumn is season of the year. A. third B. the three C. thirds

20、D. the third 答案 D. 8 They are learning now. A. Lesson Eight B. the eight lesson C. Lesson Eithth D. Eighth lesson 答案 A. 析 第几课，第几个门，在英语中有两种说法， Lesson Two, Gate Two 但要注意每一单词的首字母要大写。 the second lesson, the second gate 首字母不要大写，并要注意有些缩写的读法。如: p. 8-第 8 页 (page eight) $ 8.50-8.5 美元 (five dollars and fifty)

21、 电话号码 66164532(six, six, one, six, four five, three, two) 9 The boy was so hungry that he ate . A. three bowls of ricesB. three bowl of rice C. three bowl of ricesD. three bowls of rice 答案 D. 析 rice 是不可数物质名词，而 bowl 是可数名词。 10 There are months in a year. A. twelve B. twelf C. twelveth D. twelfth 答案 A.

22、二、精选练习题及答案( ) 1. Lincoln was born on _.A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12( ) 2. A _ boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old( ) 3. An hour later, _minister was sent to see the “magic cl

23、oth” woven by those two men.A. two B. the second C. the two D. second( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United States.A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us _ ?A. two B. the two C. second D. the second( ) 6. -How many students are there in your cla

24、ss? - _.A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _.A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth( ) 8. The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _.6A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927( ) 9. The number 4,123 i

25、s read _.A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _.A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D.

26、in the sixty( ) 11. This classroom is _ ours.A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match.A. three B. third C. the three D. the third( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? Its _.A. fif

27、ty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? _.A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students.A. nine hundre

28、ds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of( ) 16. -How many new words are there in _ lesson? -There are only _.A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five( ) 17. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market.A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 197

29、0s( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _.A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk D. tenth mile walk( ) 19. Today is the first day and _.A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday( ) 20. Which room do you live in? _.A. The

30、 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201s Room( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have _.A. two B. both C. twice D. the second( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means _.A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170( ) 23. On May _, _ people traveled round the country.A. the

31、first, millions B. the first, millions of 7C. first, the millionth D. first, millions( ) 24. _ of them are dining at school.A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th( ) 25. Its 7:17 is read _.A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen( ) 26. Four _ two is two.A.

32、 plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 27. Three _ five is eight.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 28. Three _ seven is twenty-one.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 29. Forty-two _ seven is six.A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by( ) 30. There are _ days in a year.A. three hun

33、dred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five( ) 31. There are _ students in that school.A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-sixC. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six( ) 32. It took me _ to get the

34、re.A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half( ) 33. September is _ month of the year.A. the nineth B. the ninth C. nineth D. ninth( ) 34. Please pass me _ book on the left.A. third B. three C. the third D. the three( ) 35. _ is a very tall boy.A. The t

35、welve B. The twelveth C. The twelfeth D. The twelfth( ) 36. We have known each other for _.A. a year and half B. a year with half C. a year and a half D. a year with a half( ) 37. “What year is it?” “Its _.”A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-sevenC. nineteen ninety and seven

36、 D. nineteen ninety-seven( ) 38. “Whats the date today?” “Its _.”A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth( ) 39. The train from Shanghai will arrive _.A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past six D. at a quarter past six( ) 40. My friend was born on _.8

37、A. three of July, 1979 B. the third of July,1979 C. 1979, July the third D. 1979, the third of July( ) 41. _ is less than _.A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-thirdC. First-three; first-threes D. One-third; one-three( ) 42. Which lesson did you learn yesterday? _.A. Lesson Seven B. Lesson se

38、venth C. The 7 Lesson D. 7 Lesson( ) 43. “Whats the date today?” “Its _.”A. the fourth of may B. the fourth May C. May four D. May the fourth( ) 44. 334 is read _.A. three hundreds and thirty four B. three hundreds thirty fourC. three hundred and thirty fourth D. three hundred and thirty-four( ) 45.

39、 In February, there are only _ days.A. twenty nine B. twenty-nineth C. twenty-nine D. twenty eight( ) 46. There will be a comedy on TV at _ this evening.A. seven past thirty B. half past seven C. seven the thirty D. thirty to seven( ) 47. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer.A. one and hal

40、f hours B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one and half hour( ) 48. Im so tired after _ walk.A. three hours B. three hours C. three hours D. three hour( ) 49. There are _ stars in the sky.A. million of B. millions of C. the million D. a million of( ) 50. the street is _ wide.A. two me

41、ters B. two meter C. the two meter D. a two meter( )51. Tuesday is the _ day of a week in English.A. first B. fifth C. third D. fourth( )52. There are _ seasons in a year in our country.A. two B. four C. second D. fourth( )53. The game of _ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008.A. 29 B. the 29th

42、C. the 29 D. 29th ( )54. Most of the stars are much more bigger than the sun. But they are _ light years away from us.A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousand of D. thousands of( )55. _ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water.A. First third B. Two thirds C. One three D. Two three( )56. Ther

43、e are _ people in my family. We live on the _ floor in a tall building.A. five, six B. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth( )57. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _ today.9A. Four Lesson B. the fourth lesson C. the Lesson Four D. the Four Lesson( )58. My lovely daughter is _.A. eight years

44、 old B. eight-year-old C. eight year old D. eight-years-old( )59. The flood happened _.A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998s C. in 1998 of the summer D. in 1998s of the summer( )60. February 28 should be read as _.A. February of the 28th B. February of 28C. 28 of February D. the 28th of

45、 February( )61. - How soon will you finish your work? - In about _.A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half( )62. We will have a _ holiday. What about going to Suzhou?A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days( )63. We are sure the _ century

46、will bring us more hopes.A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-one C. twenty-one D. twenty-first( )64. - What is 1/2 and 1/3? - Its _.A. 2/5 B. 1/5 C. 5/6 D. 4/6( )65. At the age of _, he had his own lab.A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty( )66. Five times five is _.A. five B. zero C. ten D. twenty-five( )67. _ are in the army.A. Two their sons B. Their two sonsC. Their sons two D. Two sons their( )68. My sister is a student of _.A. the First Class B. Class One C. On