1、专题一 名词、介词和代词,高考英语 (江苏省专用),A组 自主命题江苏卷题组 1.(2018江苏,32)Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the youve made. A.assignment B.association C.acquisition D.assumption,五年高考,答案 D 句意:努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不是根据自己的假设采取行动。考查 名词辨析。assumption 假定;假设。符合语境。assignment 任务;作业。association 协会;联 合。acqu
2、isition (知识、技能等的)获得;得到。,2.(2018江苏,33)Chinas soft power grows the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally. A.in line with B.in reply to C.in return for D.in honour of,答案 A 句意:中国软实力的增长是与全球对中国不断增长的欣赏和理解紧密相连的。考 查短语介词辨析。in line with与相似;与紧密相连。符合语境。in reply to答复。in return for作为回报。in hon
3、our of 为向表示尊敬。,3.(2017江苏,32)Determining where we are our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. A.in contrast to B.in defense of C.in face of D.in relation to,答案 D 句意:通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的重要技能。 本题考查短语介词辨析。in contrast to“和相比”,in defense of“为辩护”,in face of “面临”。根据句意可知in relati
4、on to“相对某事物而言”符合题意,故选D项。,4.(2016江苏,24)Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely. A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt,答案 A 句意:你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的诀窍吗?确切地说,就是充实地度过每 一天。考查名词词义辨析。recipe秘诀,诀窍;record记录;range范围;receipt收据。根据句意选A 项。,5.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will h
5、ave to make in agreement with the national soccer re- form. A.judgments B.adjustments C.comments D.achievements,答案 B 句意:有些学校将不得不做出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。本题考查名 词词义辨析。judgment评判;adjustment调整;comment评论;achievement成就。根据句意可知选 B项。足球改革是一个热门话题,本题语境富有时代气息。备选项都为考生所熟悉的词汇,意 义区分也非常明显,考生根据语境不难选出正确答案。,6.(2015江苏,35)Go an
6、d say sorry to your Mom,Dave. Id like to,but Im afraid she wont be happy with my . A.requests B.excuses C.apologies D.regrets,答案 C 句意:Dave,去向你妈妈道歉。我倒是想去的,但是恐怕她对我的道歉并不 会感到开心。本题考查名词词义辨析。request要求;excuse借口;apology道歉;regret后悔,遗 憾。根据句意可知选C项。本题语境富有生活气息,为考生熟悉的场景,侧重考查考生对语境 的理解,上句中的say sorry是解答本题的关键。,7.(2015
7、江苏,34)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around Thomas Edi- son. A.thanks to B.regardless of C.aside from D.but for,答案 D 句意:要不是Thomas Edison,许多现在让我们获益的东西都不会存在。本题结合虚 拟语气考查短语介词辨析。would not be around为虚拟语气。thanks to多亏;regardless of不管, 不顾;aside from除以外;but for要不是,常用于虚拟语气。根据句意和该句中的虚拟语气可 知
8、选D项。本题四个备选项意义区别较大,考生在解题时既可以根据句意来进行判断,注意否 定词not,也可以根据虚拟进行判断,注意would,由于四个备选项中只有but for与虚拟语气有关, 相当于if it had not been for Thomas Edison,表示与过去事实相反。,8.(2014江苏,27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful in last years election. A.symbol B.portrait C.identity D.statue,答案 A 句意:两年
9、前她被软禁,但是在去年的选举中她仍然是一位有影响力的代表人物。 本题考查名词词义辨析。symbol(某一特性或思想的)代表,代表性的人物;portrait肖像;identity 身份;statue雕像。根据句意可知symbol符合题意,故选A项。symbol常表示符号、象征、标志, 此处引申为代表性的人物。解题时需要考生有较强的语言迁移能力和活用语言的能力。词 汇的深层次含义或引申含义往往是从该词最基本的含义中引申出来的,因此考生应牢固掌握 词汇的基本词义,并结合语境进行甄别。,9.(2014江苏,24)Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he
10、 usually does push-ups too to stay . A.in place B.in order C.in shape D.in fashion,答案 C 句意:汤姆总是在清晨慢跑,也常常做些俯卧撑来保持健康。本题考查介词短语辨 析。in place在正确的位置;in order妥当,适宜;in shape健康状况良好;in fashion流行。stay in shape保持健康,符合题意,故选C项。,10.(2014江苏,34)Good families are much to all their members,but to none. A.something B.an
11、ything C.everything D.nothing,答案 C 句意:好的家庭对每个家庭成员意味着很多,但不是全部。本题考查不定代词。 something某事,某物;anything任何东西,任何事物;everything所有事物,一切,每件事;nothing没 有什么,没有一件东西。everything to none意为:对任何人都不意味着一切,符合题意,故选C 项。本题充分体现了中英文表达习惯的不同。事实上本题存在否定转移的问题,everything to none在意义上相当于not everything to anyone。,B组 统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组 考点一 名词 1
12、.(2018天津,6)The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A.advice B.order C.possibility D.invitation,答案 C 句意:在宇宙中的其他行星上可能存在生命,这一直鼓舞着科学家们探索外太空。 考查名词辨析。根据句意可知选possibility“可能性”。advice建议;order命令;invitation邀 请。,2.(2016天津,10)The weather
13、forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight of rain later tonight. A.effect B.sense C.change D.chance,答案 D 句意:天气预报说今夜晚些时候天气将转阴,降雨的可能性不大。本题考查名词词 义辨析。effect效果;sense意识;change变化;chance机会,可能性。此处chance与possibility意思 相近,表示可能性,故选D项。,3.(2016浙江,4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late
14、 payments may affect your . A.condition B.income C.credit D.status,答案 C 句意: 按时交电费很重要, 因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。本题考查名词词义 辨析。condition条件,状况;income收入;credit信用,信誉;status地位,身份。根据常识可知,晚交 电费会影响信誉,而不会影响你的状况、收入或地位,故选C项。,4.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feelings with someone you t
15、rust. A.production B.stress C.energy D.power,答案 B 句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。本题考查名词词 义辨析。production产量,生产;stress压力;energy能源,精力;power力量,权力。根据句意,压力才 需要减少,故选B项。,5.(2015安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some and then let me know. A.thought B.support C.protection D.authority,答案 A
16、句意:现在没有必要告诉我你的答案,认真考虑一下然后再让我知道。本题考查名 词词义辨析。thought思考;support支持;protection保护;authority权威。give sth. thought 认真考 虑某事,符合题意,故选A项。,6.(2015福建,24)The failure was a big to him,but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as en- thusiastic as ever. A.blow B.issue C.excuse D.factor,答案 A 句意:这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击,但他并未气馁,很快他就
17、又像以前一样充 满了热情。本题考查名词词义辨析。blow打击;issue问题;excuse借口;factor因素。失败给人 打击,blow符合题意,故选A项。,7.(2015湖北,21)When he was running after his brother,the boy lost his and had a bad fall. A.balance B.chance C.memory D.place,答案 A 句意:这个男孩在追他哥哥的时候失去了平衡,重重地跌了一跤。本题考查名词词 义辨析。balance平衡;chance机会,机遇;memory记忆;place地点,位置。lose bal
18、ance失去平衡,符 合语境。故选A项。,8.(2014浙江,6)We most prefer to say yes to the of someone we know and like. A.attempts B.requests C.doubts D.promises,答案 B 句意:我们大多数情况下更愿意答应我们所认识并喜欢的人的请求。本题考查名 词词义辨析。attempt尝试;request要求;doubt怀疑;promise承诺。根据句意可知选B项。,9.(2014福建,26)Could you tell me the of making such tasty cakes? Well
19、,I just follow the directions in the cookbook. A.feature B.plan C.cost D.trick,答案 D 句意:你能告诉我做这么好吃的蛋糕的诀窍吗?哦,我只不过是按照烹饪书 里的说明做的。本题考查名词词义辨析。feature特征;plan 计划;cost费用;trick诀窍。根据句 意选D项。,1.(2018北京,14)Good morning, Mr. Lees office. Good morning. Id like to make an appointment next Wednesday afternoon. A.for
20、B.on C.in D.at,考点二 介词,答案 A 句意:早上好,这里是Lee先生的办公室。早上好,我想预约下周三下午的 见面。本题考查介词的用法。题干中的时间状语next Wednesday afternoon前面通常不接表时 间的介词,因此on, in, at都不符合,appointment for.在此处表示“的预约”。,2.(2018天津,11)Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went . A.at first B.after all C.above all
21、 D.at random,答案 B 句意:由于得写一份报告,鲍勃原以为自己参加不了那场聚会了,但是他最后还是去 参加了。本题考查介词短语辨析。根据句意可知选B。after all= in spite of what you thought was true or expected to happen还是,终究。at first起初,当初;above all首先;at random随便地,任 意地。,3.(2017天津,12)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be trees that are o
22、ver 1,000 years old. A.among B.against C.behind D.below,答案 A 句意:当你驾车穿越加利福尼亚州的红杉林时,你会置身于树龄超过1,000年的树木 当中。本题考查介词。根据句意可知,你置身于大量的树木当中,应用among“在之中” 表示。against反对; behind在后面;below在下面。,4.(2017北京,35)Many people who live along the coast make a living fishing industry. A.at B.in C.on D.by,答案 B 句意:很多居住在沿海的人都从事捕
23、鱼业谋生。本题考查介词。根据句意,in在此 处表示“从事或影响某种工作”,符合语义,故选择B项。,5.(2016浙江,7)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic process- es by which we see the world around us. A.on B.in C.at D.about,答案 B 句意:这项研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看待周围世界的基本过程。本题考 查介词。句中that引导的是宾语从句,we grow up 为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从 句,根据先
24、行词the cultures可知此处应用in。 in the cultures为一个抽象的地点状语,还可把介 词in提前,构成in which=where引导定语从句。故选B项。,6.(2016天津,2)The dictionary is :many words have been added to the language since it was published. A.out of control B.out of date C.out of sight D.out of reach,答案 B 句意:这本词典过时了:自从它出版以来,这种语言已经添加了许多单词。考查介词 短语辨析。out
25、 of control失控;out of date过时;out of sight看不见;out of reach够不着。根据后 文内容可知又增加了新的单词,因此原来的版本过时了,故选B项。,7.(2015浙江,10)Most people work because its unavoidable. ,there are some people who actually enjoy work. A.As a result B.In addition C.By contrast D.In conclusion,答案 C 句意:大多数人工作是因为那是不可避免的,相比之下,还有一些人是真的喜欢工 作。
26、本题考查介词短语辨析。as a result结果;in addition另外,而且;by contrast相比之下,对比而 言;in conclusion总之。根据句意选C项。,8.(2015安徽,33)They believe that there are transport developments that will bring a lot of changes for the better. A.out of date B.out of order C.around the clock D.around the corner,答案 D 句意:他们相信交通的发展就要到来了,这将会带来很多
27、更好的变化。本题考查介 词短语辨析。out of date过时;out of order杂乱无章;around the clock夜以继日;around the corner 就要到来,符合题意,故选D项。,9.(2015福建,32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to live nature. A.in view of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with,答案 D 句意:人类生活被认为是大自然的
28、一部分,严格说来,我们生存的唯一方式是与大自 然和谐相处。本题考查短语介词辨析。in view of鉴于,考虑到;in need of需要;in touch with和 取得联系;in harmony with与协调,符合题意,故选D项。,10.(2015湖北,30)This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you that if you smoked here you would be fined. A.in advance B.in detail C.in total D.in general,答案 A 句意:
29、这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款 的。本题考查介词短语辨析。in advance提前,事先;in detail详细地;in total总共;in general总体 上。根据语境选A项。,11.(2015福建,22)A common memory they all have their schooldays is the school uniform. A.of B.on C.to D.with,答案 A 句意:他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。本题考查介词。句中they all have为定语从句,修饰先行词memory,而of短语也是作定语修饰memory
30、;on在上,关于;to到, 向;with用,和。根据句意选A项。,12.(2015重庆,10)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 the average. A.below B.on C.at D.above,答案 D 句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。本 题考查介词。根据语境可知,此处应表示“在之上,高于”,故选D项。,13.(2014浙江,17)People wont pay attention to you when they still have
31、 a lot of ideas of their own crying expression. A.from B.over C.with D.for,答案 D 句意:当人们仍有很多自己的观点急于想要表达的时候,他们是不会注意你的。本 题考查介词。cry for急于想要。根据句意选D。,14.(2014重庆,7)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went the road. A.on B.along C.from D.off,答案 D 句意:她在转弯处开得如此之快,以至于车差点偏离车道。本题考查介词。on 在 上;along 沿着
32、;from 从;off 离开,偏离。根据句意选D项。,15.(2014江西,33)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life his great wealth. A.without B.despite C.in D.to,答案 B 句意:令人难以置信的是,尽管很富有,Lucas先生依然过着简朴的生活。本题考查 介词。without 没有;despite 尽管;in 在里面;to 向,到,往。根据句意可知选B项。,16.(2014浙江,18)Theres no reason to be disappointed. ,this coul
33、d be rather amusing. A.Above all B.As a result C.In addition D.As a matter of fact,答案 D 句意:没有理由失望。事实上,这件事非常有趣。本题考查介词短语辨析。above all最重要的是;as a result结果;in addition另外,均不符合句意。as a matter of fact=in fact事实上, 符合题意,故选D项。,17.(2014福建,22)Our club is open to everyone age,sex or educational background. A.due to
34、 B.except for C.along with D.regardless of,答案 D 句意:我们的俱乐部对所有人开放,不分年龄、性别和教育背景。本题考查介词短 语辨析。due to由于;except for除了以外;along with和一起;regardless of不管,不顾。 根据句意选D项。,18.(2014江西,25)Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. ,it could just put you in debt. A.In other words B.
35、All in all C.As a result D.On the other hand,答案 D 句意:创建自己的公司可能是你获得经济独立的一个途径。另一方面,它也可能会 让你负债累累。本题考查介词短语辨析。in other words 换句话说;all in all 总之;as a result 结 果;on the other hand另一方面。根据句意选D项。,1.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK. A.that B.this C.one
36、 D.it,考点三 代词,答案 A 句意: 在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度没有很大差异。本题考查代 词。that可替代特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词,此处指代the education system;this指代下 文中要提到的内容;one替代泛指的可数名词单数;it替代同类同物。故选A项。,2.(2015福建,21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but contained any useful suggestions. A.all B.none C.either D.neither,答案 D
37、 句意:这个研究小组根据那项调查做出了两个报告,但没有一个包含任何有用的建 议。本题考查代词。all三者或三者以上都;none三者或三者以上都不;either两者中的任何一 个;neither两者都不,根据题干中的two reports及but可知neither符合题意,故选D项。,3.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge. A.nothing B.no one C.neither D.none,答案 D 句意:Niki总是会有很多想法,但是据我所知没有一个是有用的。本题考查代词。 nothi
38、ng没有什么,表示泛指;no one没有一个人;neither两者都不;none没有一个,此处none相当于 no idea,故选D项。,4.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against . A.another B.the other C.other D.either,答案 B 句意:为了使自己暖和,那个水手坐在火前面光着(两只)脚互相摩擦。本题考查代 词。another三者以上的另一个;other不能单独使用,可与定冠词连用;either两者中的一个;t
39、he other两者中的另一个,故选B项。,5.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? A.them B.one C.those D.it,答案 D 句意:如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,而有人进入房间没有问你就把电视关上, 你觉得怎样?本题考查代词。it在句中作形式宾语,指代后面的内容。故选D项。,6.(2014浙江,3)An averag
40、e of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making the driest year since California became a state in 1850. A.each B.it C.this D.one,答案 B 句意:去年加利福尼亚州的平均降水量只有18.75厘米,使得这一年成为加利福尼亚 州自1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。本题考查代词。此处it指last year。故选B项。,7.(2014大纲全国,25)Whos that at the door? is the milkman. A.He B.It C.This D.That,
41、答案 B 句意:门口的那个人是谁?是送牛奶的人。本题考查代词。用于指某人时 常用it。故选B项。,8.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks. A.another B.others C.both D.all,答案 B 句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,而在另外一些国家,人们用刀叉吃饭。本题考查 不定代词。此处others=other countries。others常和some连用,表示“一些,另一些”, 故选B项。,9.(2014安徽,24)You can ask a
42、nyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand. A.One B.No one C.Everyone D.Someone,答案 C 句意:你可以找任何人帮忙。这儿的每一个人都愿意帮助你。本题考查不定代 词。one泛指一个人;no one没有人;everyone每一个人;someone某一个人。根据句意可知 选C。,C组 教师专用题组 考点一 名词 1.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his when he went to carry out the se- cret task. A
43、.emotion B.talent C.identity D.treasure,答案 C 句意:在去执行秘密任务的时候,为隐藏自己的身份,他给自己取了一个新名字。本 题考查名词词义辨析。emotion情感;talent天赋;identity身份;treasure珍宝,宝物。根据语境可知 答案为C项。,2.(2014天津,3)Wind is now the worlds fastest growing of power. A.source B.sense C.result D.root,答案 A 句意:风能是如今世界上增长最快的能量来源。本题考查名词词义辨析。A:来源, 根源;B:感官,感觉;C
44、:结果;D:根部。根据句意可知,本题答案为A。,3.(2014湖北,22)When Richard said,“You are much more agreeable and prettier now,”Joans face turned red at the unexpected . A.contribution B.compliment C.comparison D.command,答案 B 句意:当Richard说“你现在更讨人喜欢,更漂亮了”的时候,由于这意想不到的称 赞,Joan的脸变红了。本题考查名词词义辨析。contribution贡献;compliment称赞,恭维;com-
45、parison比较,对比;command命令,要求。B项符合句意。,4.(2014安徽,29)Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? Thats a good . A.saying B.question C.suggestion D.account,答案 C 句意:如果你没有足够的钱买辆新车的话,为什么不先买辆二手车呢?这个 建议不错。本题考查名词词义辨析。saying格言,谚语;question问题;suggestion建议;account账 户。根据句意可知选C。,5.
46、(2014湖北,21)Her for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. A.talent B.motivation C.qualification D.technique,答案 B 句意:她写作的动机是渴望为妇女争取接受高等教育的权利。本题考查名词词义 辨析。talent天赋;motivation动机;qualification资格,限定条件;technique技术,技巧。B项符合句 意。,1.(2015浙江,17)These comments came specific questions
47、 often asked by local newsmen. A.in memory of B.in response to C.in touch with D.in possession of,考点二 介词,答案 B 句意:对于当地新闻记者常常问起的特定问题,这些评论正好做出了回复。本题考 查短语介词辨析。A:为了纪念;B:回答,对作出回应;C:与保持联系;D:拥有,占有。根 据句意可知答案选B。,2.(2015陕西,12)The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street. A.on B.by
48、 C.in D.at,答案 B 句意:那个小学生挽着奶奶的手臂带她走过了马路。本题考查介词。take sb.by the arm“挽着某人的手臂”,为固定搭配。故选B项。,3.(2014大纲全国,29)September 30 is the day which you must pay your bill. A.by B.for C.with D.in,答案 A 句意:9月30日是你付账单的最后期限。本题考查介词。by表示“在之前”。 故选A项。,4.(2014陕西,14)The Scottish girl blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth
49、Chinese Speech Contest. A.by B.of C.in D.with,答案 D 句意:在第五届汉语演讲大赛中,那位有着一双蓝色眼睛的苏格兰姑娘获得了一等 奖。本题考查介词。由句意可知,此处with表示“具有”。故选D项。,5.(2014浙江,10)While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the vil- lagers without asking for anything . A.in return B.in common C.in turn D.in place,答案 A 句意:在村庄停留期间,James无私地和村民分享他所拥有的一切,不要求任何回 报。本题考查介词短语辨析。A:作为回报,作为回应;B:共有;C:轮流,依次;D:在正确位置。根 据句意选A。,
