1、1 Chapter 6 Role Relationship Patterns 2 what kinds of outline are the most important in the chapter? Role Relationship Patterns 3 Basic Concepts Definitions Related Terms Personal Interpretations of Role Societal Interpretations Role Effects of Alteration in Role Performance on OthersOUTLINE p.108
2、Role Relationship Patterns 4 Applications Professional Nurse Role Types of Professional Roles Role Socialization Role Stress Self-awareness in the Professional Role OUTLINE p.108 Role Relationship Patterns 5 Client Role Patients Bill of Rights Role Performance as a Nursing Diagnosis Supportive Inter
3、ventions Developing New Solutions Summary OUTLINE p.108 Role Relationship Patterns 6 What are the objectives of learning or studying in our lesson? Role Relationship Patterns 7 At the end of the chapter, the student will be able to 1. Define role and role performance 2. Describe the four components
4、of professional role socialization 3. Discuss the professional roles of the nurse 4. Discuss the characteristics of the sick role Objectives p.108 Role Relationship Patterns 8 Role Relationship Patterns Objective One: Define role and role performance 9 What is role? A role is defined as a set of exp
5、ected behavioral standards established by the society or community to which a person belongs (Creasia, 1991). Definitions p.109-110 Role Relationship Patterns 10 What is role relationship? Role relationships influence communication content and process. Consider your own “role” as a nursing student a
6、nd how it influences communication content and process. Definitions p.109-110 Role Relationship Patterns 11 什么是人际关系和人际沟通？ 人际关系 人际关系是人们通过交流与相互作用而形成的 比较稳定的心理关系 ，反映着个体或群体满足其社会需要的心理状态 ，其发展变化取决于双方社会需要的满足程度。人际关系外延很广，包括朋友关系、夫妻关系、师生关系、同学关系、同事关系等。内涵是个体之间的心理上的关系，表现为亲近或疏远、敌对或友好等心理上的距离。 p.310 Role Relationship
7、Patterns 12 什么是人际关系和人际沟通？ 人际沟通 人际沟通是指人际间的 信息交流 。可以是面对面的，也可以是非面对面的，可以是语言的，也可以是非语言的，旨在传达思想、交换意见、表达感情和需要等。 它 包括关系沟通与内容沟通 ，即每个沟通都包含着一定的内容和确定一定的关系。内容是指沟通中所传信息的实质含义，关系是指沟通各方在沟通中所处的地位和联系方式。 p.303 p.310 Role Relationship Patterns 13 你能举例说明人际关系沟通和内容沟通之间的联系吗？ 护士： “ 昨晚我给 xx（患者）的药为什么没吃？ 护患关系 内容沟通效果 很熟悉 成功 一般 有心
8、理距离但可能成功 紧张 很难有效， 患者家属可能说 “ 我怎么知道？ 没吃药到底是谁的责任。 ” Role Relationship Patterns 14 What is role performance? Role performance refers to a persons capacity to function in accord with social expectations of a particular role. Perceptions of behavioral standards for role performance differ from based on cu
9、ltural, gender, institutional, and family expectations; People still expect different role behaviors from men and women despite tremendous advances in equal opportunity. Definitions p.109-110 Role Relationship Patterns 15 Role transition describes changes in role expectations that occur as developme
10、ntal life crises or when unexpected life events such as illness or injury alter role function. For example, new mother experiences a significant role transition with the birth of her first child, as does a young athlete struck down in a ball game with a spinal cord injury. What is role transition? D
11、efinitions p.109-110 Role Relationship Patterns 16 What is position? Position represents a standardized description of a role and associated expectations that makes it understandable to others in the community or group. Social position relates to the status and identity the person holds in the commu
12、nity. The concept of position sometimes plays a role in how helping professionals respond to clients: they sometimes treat clients in high positions differently than those with no money or low social status. Definitions p.109-110 Role Relationship Patterns 17 Whereas it is important for the nurse to
13、 recognize differences in position as relevant factors in supporting client integrity and self-esteem, nurses need to view all clients as very important persons, treating them all with the same respect and giving them all quality care regardless of position. Definitions p.109-110 What is position? R
14、ole Relationship Patterns 18 Role Relationship Patterns Objective Two: Describe the four components of professional role socialization 19 Unlike other forms of education, the nursing student must simultaneously(同时地 )adjust to learning new material while starting on the job training in which the stak
15、es(风险 )are high. Cohen identified four goals of professional socialization (see Box 6-4). Which is the four components of professional role socialization ? Professional Nurse Role p.114-115 Role Relationship Patterns 20 Box 6-4.Steps in the Socialization Process Learn the technology of the professio
16、n: the facts, skills, and theory. Internalize(使内在化 )the professional culture Find a personally and professionally acceptable version of the role. Integrate this professional role into all the other life roles. Role Relationship Patterns 21 Box 6-4.Steps in the Socialization Process 学会专业技能：专业法规、技术和理论
17、。 与专业文化融为一体。 找到就个人和职业而言都可接受的角色类型。 把职业角色整合到所有其它生活角色中。 Role Relationship Patterns 22 Exercise Looking at My Development as a Professional Nurse Purpose: To help you focus on your self- development as a professional nurse Role Relationship Patterns 23 Exercise Looking at My Development as a Professiona
18、l Nurse Procedure: Write the story of how you chose to become a nurse in a one- to two-page essay (may be done as a homework assignment). There are no right or wrong answers; this is simply your story. You may use the following as guides in developing your story. Role Relationship Patterns 24 Exerci
19、se Looking at My Development as a Professional Nurse Procedure: 1. What are your reasons for choosing nursing as a profession? 2. What factors influenced your decision; people, circumstances, or situations? 3. Describe your vision of yourself as a nurse. 4. What fears do you have about your ability
20、to function as a professional nurse? 5. How do you think being a nurse will affect your personal life? Role Relationship Patterns 25 1. In what ways is your story similar to or different from those of your classmates? 2. As you wrote your story, were you surprised by any of the data or feelings? Rol
21、e Relationship Patterns Discussion: 26 Students can discuss some of the realistic difficulties encountered as nursing students both professionally and personally and ways to handle them. Explore through discussion the following: 1. The practices nursing students will need to follow to achieve their
22、vision 2. The types of supports nurses need to foster their ongoing professional development Role Relationship Patterns Discussion: 27 Role Relationship Patterns Objective Three: Discuss the professional roles of the nurse 28 Which are there Professional Nursing Roles P.116 1. Caregiver: a. Provides
23、 complete or partial compensatory care for clients who cannot provide these self-care functions for themselves b. Implements supportive/educative actions to promote optimum health c. Reinforces the natural, developmental, and healing processes within a person to enhance well-being, comfort, function
24、, and personal growth Professional Nurse Role Role Relationship Patterns 29 2. Teacher: a. Provides health teaching to individual clients and families b. Develops and implements patient education programs to promote/maintain healthful practices and compliance with treatment recommendations c. Guides
25、 individuals in their human journey toward wholeness and well-being through psychoeducation Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns 30 3. Client advocate: a. Protects clients right to self-determination b. Motivates individuals and families to become informed active participants in their health care c. Mediates between client and others in the health care environment d. Acts as clients agent in coordinating effective health care services Which are Professional Nursing Roles P.116 Role Relationship Patterns
