1、unit4 Pygmalion.阅读理解ASleep is a basic human need, as basic as the need for oxygen. Getting a good nights sleep is not only directly related to how we feel the next day, but to our longterm health as well. Still, many of us suffer from at least occasional insomnia (失眠). Even more of us report at leas
2、t one night of restless sleep per week that leaves us feeling ill and irritable. This is a serious problem. If you think otherwise, consider this. People who sleep four hours or less per night are twice as likely not to survive in six years as those who sleep the normal eight hours or so. Given the
3、seriousness of sleep, how can we make sure that we rest well and stay healthy? While there are no one hundred percent reliable methods, here are some suggestions from sleep experts. If you do have trouble sleeping and these methods dont help, its important that you see a doctor before insomnia cause
4、s your health to suffer. Start with these suggestions, though.If you cant sleep in the middle of the night, dont get up. Exposing yourself to bright light will affect your body clock and worsen your insomnia. Avoid naps (小睡), except for a brief tentofifteenminute nap between 2：00 and 4：00 pm.Get reg
5、ular exercise each day, but finish at least six hours before bedtime. Exercising in the evening can help keep you awake. Take a hot bath for thirty minutes within two hours of bedtime. The bath will warm you, relax you, and make you feel sleepy.Keep your bedroom dark, quiet, and well ventilated (通风的
6、)Keep a regular schedule seven days a week. Sleeping late on the weekends can lead to insomnia during the week.Get at least half an hour of sunlight within thirty minutes of waking. Without the sunlight, your body doesnt know its awake. Keep the face of the clock in your bedroom turned away, and don
7、t find out what time it is when you awaken in the night.Pleasant Dreams!语篇解读：睡眠无小事，但怎样才能睡好呢？本文给出了很多好办法。1The first paragraph is mainly intended to _.Aoffer possible reasons for insomniaBshow the importance of a good sleepCgive some advice on how to have a good sleepDanalyze the relationship between s
8、leep and insomnia解析：选B段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“Sleep is a basic human need, as basic as the need for oxygen.”及后面的内容可知，第一段主要强调好的睡眠的重要性。2The underlined word “irritable” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_”Aannoyed Bsurprised Cenergetic Deager解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词前的ill可知，此处应选择与ill意思相近的表示不适的词，故选A项。3Which behavior wo
9、uld worsen your insomnia?AWalk around the room with the light on in the middle of the night. BHave a hot shower one hour before going to bed.CKeep a regular schedule every day, even on weekends.DAvoid glancing at the clock when you wake up in the night.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一条建议中的“Exposing yourself to brigh
10、t light will affect your body clock and worsen your insomnia.”可知，应选A项。4To help you get a good nights sleep, you _.Amust take naps from time to timeBhad better stay in bed late on the weekendsCshould go to bed at a regular time every nightDare to be exposed to as much sunlight as possible解析：选C细节理解题。根
11、据第六条建议“Keep a regular schedule seven days a week. Sleeping late on the weekends can lead to insomnia during the week.”可知，应选C项。BIn George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion, the storyline centers around three main characters: Eliza Doolittle, Professor Henry Higgins, and Colonel Pickering. Eliza Doolittle is a
12、flower girl who is under the instruction of Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering to learn proper grammar and phonetics. Eliza can be characterized as a very sensitive and emotional person. She seeks to be treated like a duchess by men. Her personality clashes (冲突) with the personality of Professo
13、r Higgins in an extreme way. Professor Higgins is an arrogant (傲慢的), workobsessed expert in phonetics who views Eliza simply as an experiment. He is a bachelor who has never found a place for women in his life due to his obsession (痴迷) with language. Colonel Pickering is a gentleman from India who i
14、s also an expert in language. He is gentler than Higgins and treats Eliza with respect while maintaining a professional interest in her. These three make up the main action of the play as Eliza learns speech of the upper class from them. She manages to pass herself off as a Hungarian princess at a f
15、ormal party. This achievement makes Eliza give_credence_to the efforts of Higgins and Pickering. After experiencing life in the upper class, Eliza settles for a lowerclass life with a man who loves her for who she is and wants to marry her. After some small and unimportant disputes, Eliza and Higgin
16、s remain friends later. Other memorable characters include Mrs. Higgins who maintains an authoritative figure over her grown son and Mr. Doolittle who rises from a dustman to a respected speaker in the community.I think that this is a good book because it shows that happiness can be achieved without
17、 wealth and fame. I highly recommend it due to its emphasis on grammatical and phonetic correctness.语篇解读：作者分析了Pygmalion 中人物之间的关系，谈到了自己阅读本书的体会，并向读者推荐这本书。5Eliza learns speech of the upper class because _.A. she wants to do an experimentBshe wants to marry a gentlemanCshe has to play a princess at a pa
18、rtyDshe wants to be treated respectfully解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“She seeks to be treated like a duchess by men.”可知，Eliza Doolittle 想让人们像对待公爵夫人那样对待她，也就是说她想让别人毕恭毕敬地对待她。6What does the underlined part “give credence to” in Paragraph 1 mean?ABelieve. BChange.CFancy. DObtain.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据上文可知，Eliza 想让人们像对待公爵夫人
19、那样对待她，而通过 Higgins 和 Pickering 的努力后，她成功冒充成了公爵夫人，由此可知，这次成功使 Eliza 相信 Higgins 和 Pickering 的努力。7The passage is probably _.A. a research paper Ba teaching planCa book report Da diary解析：选C推理判断题。作者首先分析了Pygmalion 中人物之间的关系，然后谈到了自己阅读本书的体会，并向读者推荐这本书，因此这篇文章可能是一篇读书报告。8Who treats Eliza Doolittle in a more respect
20、ful way?AHenry Higgins. BColonel Pickering.CMrs. Higgins. DMr. Doolittle.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中“Colonel Pickering is a gentleman from India who is also an expert in language. He is gentler than Higgins and treats Eliza with respect while maintaining a professional interest in her.”可知，Colonel Pickering 对待
21、Eliza Doolittle 更加和蔼。CIs early childhood education really necessary? Early childhood education primarily focuses on learning through playing to develop childrens physical, sensory (感觉的), communicational and social development. Early childhood education has become a concern of the government, who pus
22、hes poor children to be formally trained before they are old enough for kindergarten.There are good reasons for the government to push early childhood education. Studies have shown that orphan children who did not receive good care and education become developmentally delayed (耽搁), causing failure i
23、n school, and even in life. Further studies show that poor children who take part in Head Start programmes are more prepared for school, less likely to end up in Special Education classes, and are less likely to receive public help or go to prison.There are also negative parts of putting a child in
24、formal education programmes too early. Time Magazine online explains that the younger the child, the less his chances of catching up with firstgrade work. I have personally witnessed many children of my generation who went to Head Start programmes became frustrated and bored with school before they
25、finished high school. Yet parents have been sure that the earlier the child starts school, the better off he or she is, so they push to start childhood education earlier.Actually while early formal education of poor children does show great gains in the early elementary years, studies also show that
26、 this head start is really a “false start”， as the gains are lost in middle and high school years. It seems that environment is a bigger factor on lifes success than early education. Head Start programmes have not achieved its original goal in closing the achievement gap in poor and middle school ch
27、ildren. Perhaps it is time to find other ways to close that gap.9The government values the early childhood education in order to _.Adevelop the childrens communicationBhelp the children to learn by playingCget the children prepared for the kindergartenDtrain the children formally and regularly解析：选C细
28、节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，政府重视早期教育是为了让孩子们为入学做好准备。10What can we know about the studies from Paragraph 2?AChildren with good early education may have a rich life.BThe orphan children are usually unhappy in their life.CChildren without early education can do well at school.DHead Start programmes are helpful to t
29、he poor children.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，Head Start programmes帮助贫穷的孩子为入学做好准备，降低他们接受公众帮助或进监狱的可能，由此可知选D项。11The explanation of Time Magazine online suggests _.Aearly childhood education is helpless to childrens gradeBit is good for young children to receive early educationCearly education can help childr
30、en improve their gradesDthe younger the children are, the cleverer they will be解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，时代周刊认为，接受早期教育的年龄越小，小孩就越不可能表现得好，所以早期教育对学生没有什么帮助作用。12What attitude does the author hold towards early childhood education?AApproving. BOpposed.CObjective. DSubjective.解析：选C推理判断题。综观全文，作者对于儿童早期教育进行了客观分析，
31、认为其有值得肯定的一面，又有不利的一面，需要不断完善，找出弥补方法，故C项正确。DMen who wear pink shirts to work earn more and are more qualified (胜任的) than those who favour traditonal colours such as white or blue, according to a recent survey.Researchers also found that men who wear pink are more likely to get praise from female collea
32、gues and are more confident characters in the office.A typical pink shirt wearer earns D|S 1,000 more a year than those who choose other colours, the survey of 1,500 male office workers found. Men who wear pink are also twice as likely to have a masters degree as those who favour white shirts, with
33、one in ten pink shirt wearers having a PHD.Stephanie ThiersRatcliffe, International Marketing Manager for Cotton USA, which took charge of the study, said, “Pink is a colour more men have been embracing recently and it is encouraging that they are not afraid to experiment with brighter colours. We s
34、pend most of our days at work and it is good for company standards and our own confidence to remain smart, but that doesnt mean that you have to be boring.”The report also found men who favour green shirts are most likely to be late for work, while white shirt fans are the most punctual (准时的), the s
35、urvey found. And if you are trying for a promotion (晋升), then it is best to dress in a purple shirt. In the last five years men who favour purple shirts have had the most pay rises, so it is no wonder that one in twenty of them drive a car worth D|S 20,000 or more.Pink shirt wearers on the other han
36、d are more likely to have a lowcarbon footprint as half of them insist on taking public transport to work.13Those men who enjoy wearing pink shirts _.Atend to do their work betterBare better at pleasing womenCare the most confident at workDprefer to go to work by car解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，喜欢穿粉红色衬衫的男士赚得更
37、多，同时也更能胜任工作。由此可知，他们往往会将工作做得更好。14According to the passage, who is least likely to be late for work?AJack who often wears a pink shirt.BAlan who often wears a blue shirt.CTom who often wears a white shirt.DMike who often wears a green shirt.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，喜欢穿白衬衣的男士是最准时的。由此可推知，Tom上班迟到的可能性最小。15
38、What can we conclude from the passage?APink is the most popular colour among men.BThe colour a man wears can influence others.CWearing pink can make a man become cleverer.DThe colour a man wears can show a lot about him.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文中所陈述的喜欢穿不同颜色衬衫的男士会有不同的表现可推知，一个人对衣服颜色的选择能够反映出与他有关的许多信息。.任务型阅读A head
39、ache is a pain in the head which almost everyone feels at one time or another. Almost half of all people have a headache at least once a year. Most headaches are not dangerous but they get in the way of your work and disturb your life._16_Tension (紧张) headaches usually cause a slight to strong pain
40、in the head. Many people describe such headaches as a tightening feeling. Some headaches cause a dull pain that can last for hours. They appear anywhere from the front to the back of your head.About 20% of all headaches are migraines, which are strong headaches that can cause extreme pain. _17_ You
41、will have a feeling of sickness in the stomach, and sometimes you may see flashes of light shortly before migraines attack.Causes of headaches_18_ Even though the exact causes of a headache are not clear, most of them are caused by the widening of blood vessels (血管) combined with chemicals that are
42、set free around them. Nerves send pain messages to your brain. There are many factors that can lead to a headache, such as lack of sleep, stress, smoking or watching TV for a long time. _19_How to fight off headachesPain relievers (止痛剂) and other drugs are often used to ease headaches. Many people t
43、ake aspirin when they have a headache. Doctors also suggest that patients should relax when they experience a headache. In some cases, changing your diet may result in relieving pain and weakening headaches. _20_ This may not make headaches disappear completely but it can help make you feel better.A
44、Types of headachesBWarning signs of migraine sufferersCThey can last as long as a couple of days.DHeadaches are a disorder of the nervous system.EAnd you should exercise regularly and get a lot of fresh air.FThere are so many natural ways to relieve a violent headache.GSometimes headaches can also b
45、e caused by injuries and sadness.答案：1620ACDGE.完形填空Some myths are stories told since ancient times to explain the causes for natural happenings. The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of _21_ is about Demeter, the goddess of the harvest. She had a daughter, Persephone, whom she loved very
46、 much. Hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with Persephone, and he asked Zeus, the _22_ of the gods, to give Persephone to him as his _23_. Zeus did not want either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter, so he said he would not agree to the marriage, but neither would he _24_ it. Hades, the
47、refore, decided to take the girl without _25_. When Persephone was picking flowers in the garden, he seized her and took her to the underworld. When Demeter _26_ what happened to Persephone, she became so _27_ that she caused all plants to _28_ growing. People were in _29_ of starving. But Demeter w
48、as determined not to let crops grow _30_ her daughter, Persephone, was returned to her. _31_， still not wanting to disappoint Hades, decided upon a condition for Persephones _32_. She could go back to her mother if she had not _33_ anything while she was in the underworld. Demeter _34_ it because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several pomegranate (石榴) seeds in t
