1、Unit 5 First Aid Period Three Grammar 省略（Ellipsis）,Teaching aims:,1.Knowing what parts of the sentences can be omitted. 2.Using ellipsis to do choices/reading/ Writing.,大声朗读以下句子，小组探讨句子中的什么成分省略了？,1. Beg your pardon.,( I ),2. Sounds like a good idea.,( It ),Anything you want to tell me ?,(Is there),4.
2、 Why not say hello to him ? 5.Are you thirsty? Yes, I am . 6. My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law a lawyer.,(do),(you),(thirsty),(is),小结：,省略句的定义：为了避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个成分，这种语法现象称为“省略”。,省略句的几种类型：,一、 简单句中的省略 二、主从复合句中的省略 三、并列句中的省略 四、其他省略,一、简单句中的省略,1. 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。 (1) (I) Thank yo
3、u for your help. (2) (I) See you tomorrow. (3) (It) Doesnt matter.,2. 省略主谓或主谓语的一部分 (1) (There is) No smoking. (2) (Is there) Anything wrong? (3) (Will you) Have a smoke? (4) What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea? (5) Why (do you) not say hello to him?,3. 省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果不定式to后是be或完成时态，则须保留
4、be或have:,(1) Are you going there? Yes, Id like to (go there). (2) He didnt give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). (3) Are you an engineer? No, but I want to be. (4) He hasnt finished the task yet. Well, he ought to have.,4. 省略表语,(1) Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty).
5、(2) His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).,5. 同时省略几个成分,(1) Lets meet at the same place as(we met) yesterday. (2) Have you finished your work? (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.,二、主从复合句中的省略,1. 主句中有一些成分被省略 (1) ( Im ) Sorry to hear that you are ill. (2) ( Its a ) Pity that he missed such a
6、good chance.,2. not， so常用来替代从句。,(1)Is he coming back tonight? I think so. (2) She must be busy now? If so, she cant go with us. (3) Is she feeling better? Im afraid not. (4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? I guess not.,3. 连词的that省略,(1) 宾语从句中常省略连词that (2) 在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略,4. 在某些状语从句中，从
7、句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分,(1) When (he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. (2) She tried her best though (she was) rather poor in health. (3) If (you are) asked you may come in. (4) If (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again.,三、并列句中的省略,两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 (1) My father
8、is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. (2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. (3) When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.,四、其他省略,1. 不定式符号to的省略 (1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的 to。I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. (
9、2) help 当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。 I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (3) 介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带 to。 The boy did nothing but play.,(4) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I saw the
10、 boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day.,(5) 主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可不带。 All we can do now is (to) wait. What we can do now is (to) wait. (6) find 当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。 We found him (to) work
11、 very hard at the experiment. 但如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略。 She found him to be dishonest.,2. 连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。,(1) If they had time, they would certainly come and help us. Had they time, they would certainly come and help us. (2) If I were you, I would do the work better. Were I you, I would do the work better. (3) If there should be a flood, what should we do?,Should there be a flood, what should we do?,3. 主句和从句各有一些成分省略。 The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).,
