1、甘肃河西走廊土壤中的暗色丝孢菌菌物 26(2):196-201,2007MycosystemaNotesonsoildematiaceoushyphomycetesfromHexiCorridor,GansuProvinceKONGJinHuaZHANGTianYuZHANGWei(MycologicalLaboratory,DepartmentofPlantPathology,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Taiall271018)Abstract:Thirtynineisolatesofdematiaceoushyphomycetesfrom25soilsa
2、mplesinHexiCorridor,GansuProvincewereobtained.Determinationoftheisolatesyielded27speciesin16genera.Ofwhich,Alternariachlamydospora,AcremoniellaatraandAcremoniellaverrucosaarenewrecordsforChina.Stachybotrysterrestrisisanewspecies.Descriptionsandillustrationsofthenewspeciesandnewrecordsaregivenbasedon
3、Chineseisolates.Allspecimens(driedcultures)andlivingcultureshavebeendepositedinHerbariumofShandongAgriculturalUniversity:PlantPathology(HSAUP).Keywords:soilfungi,newspecies,newrecordsforChina,Stachybotrysterrestrissp.nov.甘肃河西走廊土壤中的暗色丝孢菌孔金花张天宇张伟(山东农业大学植物病理学系菌物学研究室泰安 271018)摘要:从甘肃河西走廊的 25 份土样中分离出 39 个
4、暗色丝孢菌分离物 ,经鉴定分别属于 16 个属的 27个种.其中厚垣链格孢 Alternariachlamydospora,黑小枝顶孢 Acremoniellaalra 和疣小枝顶孢 Acremoniellaverrucosa 为中国新记录种 :土栖葡萄穗霉 Stachybotrysterrestris 为新种.研究过的标本(干制培养物) 与活菌种均保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP).关键词:土壤真菌,新种,中国新记录种,土栖葡萄穗霉中图分类号:Q939.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672.6472(20O7)02019602011】,TR0DUCT10NHexlCorddo
5、rliesinnorthwesternpartofGansuProvince.Itstretchesformorethan1.oookilometersfromeasttowestand100-200kilometersfromsouthtonorthwithanaverageelevationofabout1,400meters.Itismostlycoveredwithdesertandgobiinwhichfanningareasarediointedlydistributed.Theclimateisaridandthetemperatureisvaried.Allofthesemus
6、tdeeplyinfluencethefungaldiversity.Thefungiinthisareashouldendurearidity.Theaimofthisstudyistoappraisethefungaldiversityofsoildematiaceoushyphomycetesfromthisparticularecosystem.MATERIAI,SANDMETH0DSSamplecollection:Soilsampleswerecollectedfrom5locations,viz.Lanzhou(兰州),WuweiTheprojectissupportedbyth
7、eNationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina(NSFC)(No.30570005)Correspondingauthor.E-mail:Received:2006-08?10,Revised:2006?11-072 期孔金花等:甘肃河西走廊土壤中的暗色丝孢菌 197(武威),Zhangye(张掖),Jiuquan(酒泉)andDuuang( 敦煌).Eachsamplewascollectedfrommanypoints(surfacelayer2-10cmofsoil)inoneecosystemofonesite.Afterbeingthoroughlym
8、ixed,about100gramofthesoilwastakeninaplasticbagasonesample.Allofthesamplescollectedwerekeptin04 freezer.Isolationswerecarriedoutwithinatmosttwomonths.Isolationmethods:Soilplatemethodandsoildilutionplatemethod(Warcup,1950)wereused.Singlesporeculturesweremadeforeachfungalisolate.Identification:Greatef
9、fortwasmadeinchoosingthemostappropriateconditionsforfungusgrowthandsporulation.Charactersofconidiophores,typesofconidiogenesis,thestrechingpatternsofconidiogenouscells,conidiumshapeandseptationwerethemaincriteriausedtoclassifythefungiatgenuslevel,whilethemorphologyofconidiaandconidiophoreswerethemai
10、ncharactersindifferentiatingfungalspecies(Ellis,1971,1976;Zhang,1999).RESU【SThirtynineisolatesofdematiaceoushyphomycetesfrom25soilsampleswereobtained.Fromwhich27speciesbelongingto16generawereidentified.Acremoniellaatlra(Corda)Sacc.,Syl1.Fung,4:302,1886.Fig.1兰 AcremoniumatrumCorda,inSaccardo,Syl1.Fun
11、g,1:16,1837.ColoniesonPDAeffuse,velvety,hyalinetoreddishbrown,sporulatingfreely.Myceliumsuperficial,partlyimmersed.Conidiophoressparselyorsimplybranched,thebranchesoftenrightangledandtaper-pointed,hyaline,smooth,1-4 一septate,upto116tmlong.Condiogenouscellscolourless,integrated,holoblastic,monoblasti
12、c.Conidiasolitary,terminal,ovoid,obovoidorsubglobose,1-celled,goldenbrowntoreddishbrown,thickwalled,afewhavingslightwrinklesonthesurface.18-2813-22pm.OOOOooooOOFig.1ConidiaandconidiophoresofAcremoniella(1ira(Corda)Sacc.(exHSAUP052607).Fig.2ConidiaandcortidiophoresofAcremoniellaverrucosaTogni(eXHSAUP
13、o52608).l98 菌物 26 卷IsolatedfromsampleLZ 一 4,parksoil,Lanzhou,HSAUP052607(driedcultures,similarlyhereinafter).NewrecordforChina.AcremoniellaverrucosaTognini,Rc.,Ist.Lomb.Sci.Lett.,2ser.29:864,1896.Fig.2Conidiaglobose,reddishbrown,verrucosetotuberculate,14-26pmindiameter.IsolatedfromsampleJQ-4,grassla
14、ndsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052608.NewrecordforChina.A/ternar/aa/ternata(R:R)Keissler,Beih.Bot.Cenlr.29:434,1912.三 TorulaalternataFr.,Syst.Myco1.,3:500,1832.IsolatedfromsampleJQ 一 3,gobisoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052514.AlternariachlamydosporaMouchacca,Mycopath.Myco1.App1.50:217,1973.Fig.3Colonieseffuse,hairyorflocc
15、ose,browntoblackishbrown.Myceliumpartlyimmersed.Hyphaeolivaceousbrowntobrown.Stromararelyformed.Conidiophoressingle,simpleorbranched,upto120gmlong,3-71anthick,palebrown.Conidiogenousceilsintegrated,terminalbecomingintercalary,enteroblastictrefic,sympodia1.Conidiaobclavateorobpyfiform,muriform,nobeak
16、orshortpeaked,thecellsoftheoldsporestendtobecomethickwalledanddeepcoloured(goldenbrowntodarkbrown),formingirregularlyshapedchlamydosporcs,swellingandveryvariableinsizeandshape,smoothoroccasionallyminutelyverruculose,withmanytransverseandlongitudinalorobliquesepta,22-756-36pm.Fig.3Conidiaandconidioph
17、oresofAlternariachlamydosporaMouchacea(exHSAUP052655).25gmFig.4CommaandcomdiophomsofStachybotrysterrestrisJ.H.KongYZhang(cxHSAUP052725).2 期孔金花等:甘肃河西走廊土壤中的暗色丝孢菌 199IsolatedfromsampleDH-3,gobisoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052655.NewrecordforChina.Bipolarisaustraliensis(M.B.Ellis)TsudaUeyama,Mycologia73(1):92,198
18、1.三 DrechsleraaustraliensisM.B.Ellis,DematiaceousHyphomycetes,P.413,1971.IsolatedfromsampleZY?2,farmlandsoil,Zhangye,HSAUP052613.Bipolarissorokiniana(Sacc.)Shoemaker,Can.J.Bot.37:884,1959.三HelminthosporiumsorokinianumSacc.inSorok.,Trans.Soc.Nat.Univ.Kazan22:15,1890.Isolatedfromsamples:ZY-2,farmlands
19、oil,Zhangye,HSAUP052614andWW-1,farmlandsoil,Wuwei.HSAUPo52619.CladosporiumsphaerospermumPenz.,Michelia2:473,1882.Isolatedfromsamples:DH-3,gobisoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052512andDH-5,desertsoil,HSAUP052506.CurvulariaintermediaBoedijn,BulletinduJardinBotaniquedeBuitenzorg,III,13(1):126,1933.Isolatedfromsampl
20、eLZ-2,farmlandsoil,Lanzhou,HSAUP052651.CurvularialunataBoedijn,Bul1.Jard.Bot.Buitenz.III,13:127,1933.IsolatedfromsampleWW.5,forestlandsoil,Wuwei,HSALIP052652.Doratomycesmicrosporus(Sacc.)EJ.MortonGSmith,Myco1.Pap.86:77,1963.三 StysanusmicrosporusSacc.,Michelia1:275,1878.Isolatedfromsamples:WW-3,orcha
21、rdsoil,Wuwei,HSAUPo52560andJQ-7,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052556.EpicoccumnigrumLink,MagazinGes.Namrf.Freunde,Berlin7:32,l815.IsolatedfromsampleWW-4,parterresoil,HSAUP0a2609.Memmoniellaechinata(Rivolta)Galloway,Trans.Br.Myco1.Soc.,18:163,1933.三 PenicilliumechinatumRivolta,DeiParssitiVegetali,ed.2,P.
22、452,1884.三 Haplographiumechinatum(Rivolta)Sacc.,Syl1.Fung.4:307,1886.IsolatedfromsampleJQ-4,grasslandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052653.MyrotheciumadvenaSacc.,Ann.Myco1.6:560,1906.IsolatedfromsampleDH-9,desertsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052503.Scolecobasidiumtshawytschae(DotyD.W.Slater)McGinnisAjello,Trans.Br.Myco1.So
23、c.63(1):202,1974.三 HeterosporiumtshawyschaeDotyD.W.Slater,Amer.Mid.NaL36:663.1946.IsolatedfromsamplesLZ-1,farmlandsoil,Lanzhou,HSAUP052549andZY.4,farmlandsoil,Zhangye,HSAUP052518.ScopulariopsiscrocivanBeyma,Leeuwenhoek,ned.Tijdschr.,10:53,1944.Isolatedfromsamples:WW-2,grasslandsoil,Wuwei,HSAUP052557
24、andJQ.2,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052637.StachybotryschartarumS.Hughes,Can.J.Bot.36:812,1958.Isolatedfromsamples:WW-6,farmlandsoil,Wuwei,HSAUP052559andJQ.1,farmlandsoil.Jiuquan,HSAUPo52583.StachybotryscylindrosporaC.N.Jensen,Bull,CorneUUniv.Agric.Exp.Stn.315:496.1912.菌物 26 卷三 Stachybotrysatravat.cyl
25、indrospora(C.N.Jensen)RayssBorut,Mycopath.Myco1.App1.10:168,1956.Isolatedfromsamples:ZY-1.farmlandsoil,Zhangye,HSAUP052654andZYl4,farmlandsoil,HSAUP052518.StachybotrysterrestrisJ.H.KongTYZhang.sp.nov.Fig.4Etymology:terrestris,referringtothelivingsubsffamofthetype.ColoniaeinCMAeffusae,atrogriseaeveln
26、igrae.Hyphisramosis,septatis,laevibus,hyalinisvelsubhyalinis,1.52Ilcrassis.Conidiophoraerecta,rectavellevitercurvata,2-4 一septata,basisubhyalina.supragriseobrunnea,verrucosa,interdumgranulistecta,23752-3rn.Phialides47adapicemconidiophoriproductae,olivaceogriseae,laeves,8.514.53-4.5m.Conidiaclavatave
27、loblonga,continua,laevia,pallidegrisea,710 3-5rn.Habitatio:Exsolo,Dunhuang,GansuProvincia,Sina,Aug.2005,holotypus:HSAUP052725(culturadesiccata).ColoniesinCMAattainingto2.5-4cmindiam.in21daysat25“C,effuse,darkishgreytoblack.Myceliumsuperficial,partlyimmersed.Hyphaebranched,septate,smooth,hyalinetosub
28、hyaline,1.5-2mwide.Conidiophoresstraightorslightlycurved,unbranchedorrarelybranched,2-4一 septate,subhyalinenearthebase,grayishbrownabove,verrucose,sometimescoveredwithlargegranules,23-752-3m.Phialidesborneingroupsof4-7attheapicesofconidiophores.paleolivegrey,smooth,8.5-14.53-4.5 岬.Conidiaclavateorob
29、long,0 一 septate,palegrey,smooth,7-103-5rn,withtwoguttulae.ThemostrelatedspeciesinconidiummorphologyareStachybotrysaurantiaGL.Barron(1962),yunnanensisH.Z.Kong(1997)andzeaeMorgan-JonesKarr(1976).However,aurantiacanbeseparatedfromthenewtaxonbyitslargerconidia(8-144-8.5n)andorangecolouredcolony.Thebrow
30、n,noorseldomguttulatedconidia,theroughconidiumwallsandthesmoothwalledconidiophoresofS.yunnanensisandS.zeaeprovidethestrikingcharactersusefulindistinguishingthemfromthenewfungus.Isolatedfromfarmlandsoil,Dunhuang,Aug.2005,holotype:HSAUP0s2725(driedcultures).StachybotrysmangiferaePC.MisraS.K.Srivast.,T
31、rans.Br.Myco1.Soc.78(3):556,1982.IsolatedfromsampleDH 一 8,farmlandsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052595.Stemph)liumbotryosumWallroth,FloraCrytogamiaGermaniaeparspost:300,1833.IsolatedfromsampleDH 一 12,desertsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052541.Toru/aherbarum(Pers.)LinkexS.EGrary,Nat.hiT.Br.P1.1:577,1821.Isolatedfromsample
32、JQ 一 1,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052656.TrichurusspiralisHasselbring,Bot.Gaz.,29:321,1900.IsolatedfromsampleLZ 一 2,parksoil,Lanzhou,HSAUP052611.TrichurusterrophUusSwirlPovah,Mycologia21:214,1929.IsolatedfromsampleDH 一 2,farmlandsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052657.UlocidiumbotrytisPreuss,Linnaea,24:ll1,1851.Is
33、olatedfromsamples:DH 一 8,desertsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUP052585;JQ 一1,desertsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052538;JQ 一 6,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052534andWW-3,gobisoil,Wuwei,2 期孔金花等:甘肃河西走廊土壤中的暗色丝孢菌 201HSAUf052539.Ulocladiumconsortiale(Thiimen)E.GSimmons,Mycologia59:84,1967.兰 MacrosporiumconsortialeThiimen.Herb.Myco1.
34、Oeconom.No.450,1876.=Alternariaconsortiale(Thiimen)GrovesS.Hughes,inHughes,Can.J.Bot.3l:636,1953.Isolatedfromsamples:JQ 一 5,desertsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUP052584;JQ-4,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUF1052513andJQ 一 2,farmlandsoil,Jiuquan,HSAUPos2515.VernonaeabotryoseCif.Montemart.,AttiIst.Bot.Univ.Lab.Crittog.Pav
35、ia,ser.515:68,1957.IsolatedfromsampleZY-7,farmlandsoil,Zhangye,HSAUP052644.VernonaeamusaeM.B.Ellis,MoreDemafiaceousHyphomycetes,P.209,1976.IsolatedfromsampleDH 一 13,farmlandsoil,Dunhuang,HSAUPos2635.REFERENCES】BarronGL,1962.Stachybotrysaurantiasp.nov.fromsoil.CanJBot,40(2):25726lEllisMB,1971.Dematia
36、ceousHyphomycetes.CMI,Kew,Surrey,England.1-608EllisMB,1976.MoreDematiaceousHyphomyces,CMI,Kew,Surrey,England.1-507KongHZ,1997.Stachybotrysyunnanensissp.nov.andNeosartoryadelicatasp.nov.isolatedfromYunnan,China.Mycotaxon,12:427-433MorganJonesc_xKarrJrGxN,1976.Notesonhyphomycetes.X.anewspeciesofStachy
37、botrys.cD 泐 cD,l,4(2):510-512WarcupJl-I,1950.Thesoilplatemethodforisolationoffungifromsoil.Nature(London),166:117-118ZhangTY,1999.Advancesoftaxonomyinmitosporicfungi.JShandongAgricUniv,30(supp1.):2432(inChinese)附中文参考文献张天宇,1999.丝分孢子真菌的分类问题.山东农业大学,30(增刊):2432中国科学院微生物研究所期刊广告部成立中科院微生物研究所期刊广告部于 2007 年 3 月正式成立,并取得了由北京市工商管理局正式批准的广告经营许可证(京海工商广字第 8107 号).广告部代理生物工程,微生物,微生物学通报,菌物四个期刊的广告经营业务,此四种期刊均为中国自然科学核心期刊,已被国内外着名数据库和检索期刊收录,是促进国内外学术交流的重要科技期刊.此四刊均可刊登大型生化仪器,设备耗材及生化试剂,大,中,小型发酵及配套设备的产品宣传信息,也可以发布招聘信息,会议消息,以及与生命科学有关的各类服务信息.欢迎与我们联系洽谈具体刊登事宜!中国科学院微生物研究所?期刊广告部联系人及电话:010-64807336( 武文);010-64807521( 王敏)Email 信箱 :
