1、2004 年 6 月 19 日试卷Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.It was the worst tragedy in maritime (航海的) history, six times more deadly than the Titanic.When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes (鱼雷) fired from a R
2、ussian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people - mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany - were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as th
3、e ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. Tll never forget the screams,“ says Christa Ntitzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 surviv
4、ors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave - and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century.Now Germanys Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children - with his l
5、atest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesnt dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the E
6、ast.“ The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didnt have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings.The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was proba
7、bly unavoidable - and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize (使.不得势) the neo- Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Todays unified Germany is more prosperous and stable t
8、han at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they ye now earned the right to discuss the full historical r
9、ecord. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.21. Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history?A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes.B) Most of its passengers were frozen to deat
10、h.C) Its victims were mostly women and children.D) It caused the largest number of casualties.22. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea whenA) a strong ice storm tilted the shipB) the cruise ship sank all of a suddenC) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one sideD) the frightened passengers fou
11、ght desperately for lifeboats23. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because GermansA) were eager to win international acceptanceB) felt guilty for their crimes in World War IIC) ad been pressured to keep silent about itD) were afraid of offending their
12、neighbors24. How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy?A) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack.B) By describing the ships sinking in great detail.C) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche.D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman.2
13、5. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think thatA) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyB) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nations past misdeedsC) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed
14、 in World War IID) it is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countriesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their s
15、chool experience. In one study of 400 adul who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had go
16、od things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal (名人轶事) reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of
17、Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.“ Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted peo
18、ple may have done poorly in school because their, gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit betwe
19、en his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.“ As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and
20、self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy (神童) studied by David Fel
21、dman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had
22、little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.26. The main point the author is making about schools is thatA) they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgroundsB) they are often incapable of cater
23、ing to the needs of talented studentsC) they should organize their classes according to the students abilityD) they should enroll as many gifted students as possible27. The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmiths teachersA) to provide support for his argumentB) to illustrate the strong
24、 will of some gifted childrenC) to explain how dull students can also be successfulD) to show how poor Olivers performance was at school28. Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children whoA) paid no attention to their teachers in classB) contradicted their teachers much too oftenC) could n
25、ot cope with their studies at school successfullyD) behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers29. Many gifted people attributed their success.A) mainly to parental help and their education at homeB) both to school instruction and to their parents coachingC) more to their par
26、ents encouragement than to school trainingD) less to their systematic education than to their talent30. The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is thatA) their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleB) they were seldom praised by their teachersC) school c
27、ourses failed to inspire or motivate themD) teachers were usually far stricter than their parentsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage,When we worry about who might be spying on our private lives, we usually think about the Federal agents. But the private sector outdoes
28、the government every time. Its Linda Tripp, not the FBI, who is facing charges under Marylands laws against secret telephone taping. Its our banks, not the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), that pass our private financial data to telemarketing finms.Consumer activists are pressing Congress for better
29、privacy laws without much result so far. The legislators lean toward letting business people track our financial habits virtually at will.As an example of whats going on, consider U.S. Bancorp, which was recently sued for deceptive practices by the state of Minnesota. According to the lawsuit, the b
30、ank supplied a telemarketer called MemberWorks with sensitive customer data such as names, phone numbers, bank-account and credit-card numbers, Social Security numbers, account balances and credit limits.With these customer lists in hand, MemberWorks started dialing for dollars - selling dental plan
31、s, videogames, computer software and other products and services. Customers who accepted a “free trial offer“ had, 30 days to cancel. If the deadline passed, they were charged automatically through their bank or credit-card accounts. U.S. Bancorp collected a share of the revenues.Customers were doub
32、ly deceived, the lawsuit claims. They. didnt know that the bank was giving account numbers to MemberWorks. And if customers asked, they were led to think the answer was no.The state sued MemberWorks separately for deceptive selling. Thecompany dehies that it did anything wrong. For its part, U.S. Ba
33、ncorp settled without admitting any mistakes. But it agreed to stop exposing its customers to nonfinancial products sold by outside firms. A few top banks decided to do the same. Many other banks will still do business with MemberWorks and similar firms.And banks will still be mining data from your
34、account in order to sell you financial products, including things of little value, such as credit insurance and credit-card protection plans.You have almost no protection from businesses that use your personal accounts for profit. For example, no federal law shields “transaction and experience“ info
35、rmation - mainly the details of your bank and credit-card accounts. Social Security numbers are for sale by private fams. Theyve generally agreed not to sell to the public. But to businesses, the numbers are an open book. Selfregulation doesnt work. A firm might publish a privacy-protection policy,
36、but who enforces it?Take U.S. Bancorp again. Customers were told, in writing, that “all personal information you supply to us will be considered confidential.“ Then it sold your data to MemberWorks. The bank even claims that it doesnt “sell“ your data at all. It merely “shares“ it and reaps a profit
37、. Now you know.31. Contrary to popular belief, the author finds that spying on peoples privacyA) is mainly carried out by means of secret tapingB) has been intensified with the help of the IRSC) is practiced exclusively by the FBID) is more prevalent in business circles32. We know from the passage t
38、hatA) legislators are acting to pass a law to provide better privacy protectionB) most states are turning a blind eye to the deceptive practices of private businessesC) the state of Minnesota is considering drawing up laws to protect private informationD) lawmakers are inclined to give a free hand t
39、o businesses to inquire into customers buying habits33. When the “free trial“ deadline is over, youll be charged without notice for a product or service ifA) you fail to cancel it within the specified periodB) you happen to reveal your credit card numberC) you find the product or service unsatisfact
40、oryD) you fail to apply for extension of the deadline34. Businesses do not regard information concerning personal bank accounts as private becauseA) its revelation will do no harm to consumers under the current protection policyB) it is considered “transaction and experience“ information unprotected
41、 by lawC) it has always been considered an open secret by the general publicD) its sale can be brought under control through self-regulation35. We can infer from the passage thatA) banks will have to change their ways of doing businessB) privacy protection laws will soon be enforcedC) consumers priv
42、acy will continue to be invadedD) “free trial“ practice will eventually be bannedPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Its hardly news that the immigration system is a mess. Foreign nationals have long been slipping across the border with fake papers, and visitors who arr
43、ive in the U.S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished. But since Sept. 11, its become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans. In addition to their mastery of forging passports, at least three of the 19 Sept. 1
44、1 hijackers (劫机者) were here on expired visas. Thats been a safe bet until now. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) ( 移民归化局 ) lacks the resources, and apparently the inclination, to keep track of the estimated 2 million foreigners who have intentionally overstayed their welcome.But this
45、laxness (马虎) toward immigration fraud may be about to change. Congress has already taken some modest steps. The U.S.A. Patriot Act, passed in the wake of the Sept. 11 tragedy, requires the FBI, the Justice Department, the State Department and the INS to share more data, which will make it easier to
46、stop watch-listed terrorists at the border.But whats really needed, critics say, is even tougher laws and more resources aimed at tightening up border security. Reformers are calling for a rollback of rules that hinder law enforcement.They also want the INS to hire hundreds more border patrol agents
47、 and investigators to keep illegal immigrants out and to track them down once theyre here. Reformers also want to see the INS set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to.All these proposed changes were part of a new border-security bill that
48、 passed the House of Representatives but died in the Senate last week. Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been blocked by two powerful lobbies: universities, which rely on tuition from foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on foreigners for chea
49、p labor. Since the attacks, theyve backed off. The bill would have passed this time but for congressional maneuverings and is expected to be reintroduced and to pass next year.Also on the agenda for next year: a proposal, backed by some influential law-makers, to split the INS into two agencies - a good cop that would tend to service functions like processing citizenship papers and a bad cop that would concentrate on border inspections, deportation and other functions. One reason for the division, supporters say, is that the INS has in recent years becom
