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10英语真题阅读标注版.doc

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1、 1绝密启用前2010 年全国攻读硕士学位全国联考工商管理硕士英语试卷考生须知1 选择题的答案须用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上,其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。2 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答,凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。交卷时,请配合监考人员验收,并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字(作为考生交卷的凭据) 。否则,所产生的一切后果由考生自负。 2Section1 Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each number

2、ed blank and markA,B,C,D on answer sheet1(10points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic _1_ by the Word Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert _2_ an emergency meeting with flu ex

3、perts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising _3_ in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is” _4_” in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organizations director general, _5_ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild sympt

4、oms and a full recovery, often in the _6_ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global _7_ in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noted an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths _8_ healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to

5、 _9_ in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade _10_ warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009,officials reported there was_11_ flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the _12_ tested are the new swi

6、ne flu, also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu. In the U.S, it has_13_more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials _14_ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began _15_ orders from the states for the new swin

7、e flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is _16_ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _17_ dose were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not _18 _ for pregnant women, pe

8、ople over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _19_. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group,health care workers, people _20_infants and healthy young people. 1. Acriticized Bappointed Ccommented Ddesignated 2. Aproceeded Bactivated C

9、followed Dprompted 3. Adigits Bnumbers Camounts Dsums 4. Amoderate Bnormal Cunusual Dextreme 5. Awith Bin Cfrom Dby 6. Aprogress Babsence Cpresence Dfavor 7. Areality Bphenomenon Cconcept Dnotice 8. Aover Bfor Camong Dto 9. Astay up Bcrop up Cfill up Dcover up 10. Aas Bif Cunless Duntil 11. Aexcessi

10、ve Benormous Csignificant Dmagnificent 312. Acategories Bexamples Cpatterns Dsamples 13. Aimparted Bimmersed Cinjected Dinfected 14. Areleased Brelayed Crelieved Dremained 15. Aplacing Bdelivering Ctaking Dgiving 16. Afeasible Bavailable Creliable Dapplicable 17. Aprevalent Bprincipal Cinnovative Di

11、nitial 18. Apresented Brestricted Crecommended Dintroduced 19. Aproblems Bissues Cagonies Dsufferings 20. Ainvolved in Bcaring for Cconcerned with Dwarding offSection Reading comprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C

12、 and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sothebys in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sol

13、d, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. Fetching:ft 迷人的;动人的;吸引人的last hurrah hr 最后的努力auctioneer ,knr 拍卖商The world art market h

14、ad already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firmdouble the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the marke

15、t generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos 自私, greed 贪婪, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.Momentum mmentm 势头Vertiginous v:tidins 易变的;不稳定的 旋转的;转动的 Peak 最高点的 峰值Reckons 测算,估计;认为Controversy 争论 辩论In the weeks and months

16、that followed Mr Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from gallerie

17、s 美术馆 and salerooms 拍卖场 销售活动. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated 过热的 sector 部门for Chinese 4contemporary artthey were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the worlds two biggest auction houses 拍卖行, Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out n

18、early $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.bail-out 跳伞coincided with 符合 与。 。 。一致demise 遗赠 转让contemporary art 当代艺术The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most ser

19、ious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon 估计 that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christies chief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom.”Downturn 衰退Impressioni

20、sts 印象派画家Contraction 紧缩 收缩volatile vltal 不稳定的What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas 然而 in the early 1990s, when interest rates 利息利率 were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christies revenues in

21、the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Dsdeath, debt and divorcestill deliver works of art to t

22、he market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence 信心 to return.Slump slmp 下降,衰落;倒下Revenues revnju 收入 收益 税收21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirsts sale was referred to 被称为 as “a last victory”because _-.A.the art market had witnessed 目击 见证 a succession of victorie

23、s B.the auctioneer 拍卖商 finally got the two pieces at the highest bids C.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces mstpis杰作D.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis 22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3),the author sug

24、gests that_ .A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries C.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent 在很大程度上5D .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not wo

25、rth buying 23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed 超过 many other industries in momentum 势头.C.The market generally went downward 下降的 in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to c

26、ome.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are _A.auction houses favorites B.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting 促进 artwork circulation D.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate 适当的 title for this text could be _A.Fluctuation 起伏 of Art Prices ,flktenB.Up-to-date Art Auc

27、tionsC.Art Market in Decline 在衰退中D.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room - a womens group that had invited men to join them. Throughout 自始自终 the evening one man had been particularly talkative 多话的 frequently offering ideas and anecdotes wh

28、ile his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward 接近 the end of the evening I commented 发表意见 that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said “Shes the talker in our family.“ The room burst into laughter 突然

29、大笑; the man looked puzzled 困惑的,搞糊涂的 and hurt. “Its true“ he explained. “When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going wed spend the whole evening in silence.“6Suburban sbbn郊区anecdotes nkdt奇闻异事couch 沙发concurre knk同意gesture dest手势This episode crystallizes t

30、he irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with (对)造成严重破坏 marriage.Episode 插曲Crystallizes krstlaz 使具体化Irony arn 讽刺;反语;具有讽刺意味的事The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in t

31、he late 70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book “Divorce Talk“ that most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of

32、cases in the United States every year - a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.virtual vtul 有效的;实质上的,事实上的epidemic epdemk 流行的;传染性的In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany

33、 伴随 a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: “He doesnt listen to me“ “He doesnt talk to me.“ I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husband

34、s to be first and foremost 首先 conversational 对话的健谈的 partners but few husbands share this expectation 期待期望 of their wives.tangible tndbl 有形的;切实的;可触摸的inequities nkwti 不公平待遇errands er()nd 使命;差事 ;差使In short the image that best represents 表现代表 the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon卡通片 scene 场景 o

35、f a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up 举起 in front of his face while a woman glares at 怒视 the back of it wanting to talk.Stereotypical,steritipikl 老一套的;陈规的26.What is most wives main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D.

36、 Shsring housework.27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means _ .7A generating motivation.产生动机B.exerting influence 发挥影响C.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50perce

37、nt of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse 配偶29.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text ?A.The moral 道德 decaying 衰退下降 deserves 应受 more

38、research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from 源于 sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focus on _A.

39、a vivid 生动的形象的 account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creati

40、ng automatic behaviors habits among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of 8dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe 擦 counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.snack snk 小吃;快餐lotion l()n洗液;洗剂cue kju 提示,暗示;线

41、索“There are fundamental 基本的 根本的 public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peoples habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.” The companies tha

42、t Dr. Curtis turned to Procter that jurors 陪审员 should be selected randomly 任意的 from a representative 有代表性的 cross section of the community 社区; that no citizen should be denied拒绝 the right to serve on a jury on account of 由于因为 race 种族, religion 宗教, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled

43、 to 有资格的有权 trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy 代议民主. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing the

44、mselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.defendant dfndnt被告trial tral 审讯peer 平辈,同事verdict vd kt 结论;裁定conscience knns 道德心,良心But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures 选拔程序 conflicted with 与冲突 these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limite

45、d to persons of supposedly可能 superior 优秀的 intelligence, education, and moral character 品德. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination 种族歧视 in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-calle

46、d elite or blue-ribbon 特别陪审团 juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.intentional nten()n()l 故意的;蓄意的elite elit; -精英The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898

47、,it was not until the 1940s that a 11majority of 大部分 states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by 以。 。证明是正确的 the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.eligible for eldb()l 合格的exempted 被免除的In 1968, the Congress 国会 of the United States passed the Jury Selection a

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