1、虚拟语气（一）【观察】观察下列几组句子中虚拟语气的用法，然后加以总结。1. a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. I would walk to work if I lived near my office.2. a. You could have passed the exam if you had been more careful. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldnt have caught fire. 3. a. If I were to do the job,
2、 I would do it in a different way.b. The game would have to be called off if it should rain this weekend. c. If the teacher asked me to solve the problem next time, I could try my best.4. a. Were I you, I would refuse the money.b. Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.c. S
3、hould it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the match.5. a. I wish I were a bird! b. I do wish you would come earlier next time.c. I wish I had done better in my work.【总结】 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句和名词性从句中。一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法：1. 与现在事实相反或实现可能性不大：从句的谓语用动词的过去式，主句的谓语用would / shoul
4、d / could / might +动词原形（如第1组例句）。注意：be的过去式用_。2. 与过去事实相反：从句的谓语用“had +过去分词”，主句的谓语用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词（如第2组例句）。3. 与将来事实相反：从句的谓语可以用动词的_，也可用were to / should +动词原形，主句的谓语用would / should / could / might + 动词原形（如第3组例句）。4. 当从句谓语中有should / were / had时，可将if省略，而将should / were / had提前（如第4组例
5、句）。二、虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：在wish 后的宾语从句中，谓语用过去式表示现在的情况；用would / could / might +动词原形表示将来的情况；用“had +过去分词”表示过去的情况（如第5组例句）。【即学即练】从、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (湖南2012)A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 2. Had they kno
6、wn what was coming next, they _ second thoughts. (浙江2012)A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had3. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. (陕西2012)A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be 4. We would have called a taxi yesterday i
7、f Harold _ us a ride home. (天津2012)A. didnt offer B. wouldnt offerC. hasnt offered D. hadnt offered 5. He didnt go to the party, but he does wish he _ there. A. had been B. has beenC. was D. would be 6. I wish nothing _ prevent them from coming. A. shall B. would C. will D. can答案【总结】were；过去式【即学即练】1-6 DDBDAC3
