1、Unit 2 English around the worldWarming Up Pre-reading Reading ComprehendingKey Words1. native adj. n. 本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人2. gradual adj. 逐渐的；逐步的gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地3. latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的4. elevator n. 电梯；升降机同义词(美语用法)lift5. identity n. 本身；本体；身份identify vt. 确定6. actually adv. 实际上；事实上actual adj.
2、 实际的7. fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的fluently adv. 流利地KeyPhrases1. than ever before 比以往任何时候更2. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方3. because of 由于，因为4. at present 现在，目前5. come up 走近；上来；提出6. such as 例如；像这种的7. make use of 利用，使用8. more than 不仅仅是，不只是 1. because of 因为，由于。是复合介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句，在句中作状语。He lost his
3、 job because of his old age. 由于年龄大他失去了工作。【拓展延伸】because of 的同义短语：owing to 由于thanks to 由于；幸亏as a result of 由于；因此as a consequence of. 因为，的结果on account of 由于in view of 由于；因为due to 由于；因为【易混辨析】1. because of意为因为，为短语介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词。2. because也意为因为，是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他因为腿
4、不方便而行走缓慢。She doesnt go to school because she is ill. 她没上学是因为她生病了。He was late not only because of his illness but also because he missed the train.他迟到不仅是因为他病了，而且也因为他错过了火车。根据汉语提示，完成句子因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼正在迅速消失。Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing _ _ the severe pollution. Many beautiful fish are fast di
5、sappearing _ the pollution is severe.【答案】because ofbecause2. come up 走近；上来；长出来；被提出。come up with提出，想出come up to 来到近旁，达到，接近Many questions came up about the quality of the project. 许多关于该产品的质量的多问题已经出现。I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.A. come up withB. put up withC. turn to
6、D. stick to3. base vt.以为根据；n.基部；基地；基础。常见搭配：base.on.根据；以为基础(sth)be based on.以为基础 This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.这表明，英国人对方言的态度根深蒂固，且源于阶级偏见。【拓展延伸】1. basis n.基础，基本原则on the basis of根据，在的基础上，基于2. basic adj.基本的；基础的 单句语法填空/完成句子1. The film
7、 is based _ a novel written by Mo Yan.该影片是根据莫言的一部小说改编的。2. This is the _ (base)theory of language teaching.这是语言教学的基本理论。3. (2013湖南高考改编) You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it_(base)on facts.【答案】1. on2. basic3. is based4. at present目前，现在。常与一般现在时态连用。I dont think of any fit person just at
8、present. 我现在一下子想不出什么适合的人。【拓展延伸】present(1)vt. 授予；提交；展现；上演；出现present sth. to sb. = present sb. with sth. 把某物赠给某人(2)adj. present作前置定语意为现在，当前的；作后置定语意为出席，到场的。(3)n. 礼物，礼品；现在，木器完成句子1. How many people were _ at the meeting?到会的有多少人？2. He often gave his neighbors kids little _.他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。3. _they have fin
9、ished most of the task thatthe teacher arranged.目前他们已经完成了大部分老师安排的任务。【答案】1. present 2. presents3. At present5. make use of利用，使用。常用结构：make use of sth. to do sth. 利用某物来做某事You ought to make use of any opportunity to practice English.你应该利用所有机会练习英语。【拓展延伸】make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用make the
10、 best / most of 充分利用完成句子1. 所有的钱应该用来帮助穷人。All the money should _ to help the poor.2. 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。 We will _ her talents.【答案】1. be made use of2. make good use of6. more than(1)= over多于；超过(2)=not only 不仅，不止Every year more than 10, 000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.每年超过10 000人前往新墨西
11、哥州的阿尔伯克基市。【拓展延伸】more A than B与其说(是)B不如说(是)A not more than 不多于no more than仅仅，只是；和一样不more than one单数名词 不止一个(作主语时谓语动词用单数)完成句子1. More than one example _ (be) necessary to make the students understand the rule clearly.要使学生清楚地理解这个规则，一个例句不够。2. Its _ a misunderstanding.这只是个误会。3. They are _ schoolmates; they
12、 are close friends.他们不止是同学，还是知心朋友。【答案】1. is2. no more than3. more than7. even if即使；尽管（=even though）。连词词组，引导让步状语从句，从句往往是假设性的。主句不能再用but。Theyll stand by you even if you dont succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。Even if it rains tomorrow, we wont change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。1. 改错(2016新课标全国卷I改编)Even though not
13、very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.2. They wont give up _ _（即使）they should fail 10 times.3. 即使你不能来，我们也要出发去北京。_ _ _ _ _, we will leave for Beijing. 8. such as例如；像这种的。用于列举前面所提到的一部分事物。 They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers, etc. 他们种了许多种花，如玫瑰、向日葵等。There are few poets such
14、 as Keats and Shelly. 像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。【拓展延伸】例如表达法：1. for example 用于举例说明某种现象或事物中的一个，可位于句首、句中或句末。2. that is相当于namely，意为即，也就是，用来列举前面所提到的事物的全部。完成句子1. Noise, _, is a kind of pollution.2. I like drinks, _ tea and soda.3. _, my full name is James Allen Green. Green is my family name.4. 政府有许多问题要解决，例如空气污染和房
15、价上涨。The government has a lot of problems to deal with, _ air pollution and the increasing price of housing.【答案】1. for example2. such as3. For example4. such as I. 用适当的介、副词填空1. Why not go _ underground?2. But the subway station is far _.3. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use _ a wider vo
16、cabulary than ever before.4. In 1620 some British settlers moved _ America.5. English now is also spoken _ a foreign or second language _ South Asia.6. It was based more _ German than the English we speak _ present.7. So why has English changed _ time?8. Actually all languages change and develop whe
17、n cultures meet and communicate _ each other.II. 阅读下列句子，在空白处填入与黑体部分意思相同的单词1. To get to the eleventh floor, Americans will look for the elevator, while the British ask for the _. 2. In Britain, cars run on petrol, but the same stuff is called _ in America.3. In America, the season after summer is cal
18、led fall, but the English say _.4. When Americans go out by cab, the British will take a(n) _.5. In America, high school students go on to college, while in Britain they go to _.6. When Americans buy a ticket for the subway, Englishmen buy it for the _.7. In America people say garbage for all the th
19、ings they no longer want, but English people call that _.8. While the British go on a holiday, the Americans will take a(n) _.III. 单项填空1. Do you know that _ more than one kind of English?A. there are B. there isC. are thereD. is there2. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages _ o
20、ther parts of the world.A. conquering B. conqueredC. to conquer D. conquer3. Id like to _ to your apartment.A. come up B. come aboutC. come out D. come across4. In some important way they are very different from one _.A. other B. another C. others D. each other5. At that time two big changes in Engl
21、ish spelling happened. The _ gave a separate identity to American English spelling.A. later B. late C. lately D. latter6. Today the number of people _English in China _ increasing rapidly.A. learning; is B. learn; areC. learned; is D. to learn; are7. Later in the 18th century some British people _ t
22、o Australia too.A. have taken B. are takenC. were taken D. were being taken8. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa _ South Africa.A. such as B. that is C. namely D. for example9. _ the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.A. At the end of
23、 B. In the endC. By the end of D. To the end of10. English became less like German because those _ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.A. who B. / C. which D. whomI. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASome people learn a second language easily. Other people have trouble learning a ne
24、w language. How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.The first step is to feel confident about learning English. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn. Be patient. You dont have t
25、o understand everything all at once. It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes.The second step is to practise your English. For example, write in a diary every day. You will get used to writing in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing you
26、r ideas in English. After several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving. Besides, you must speak English every day. You can practise with your classmates after class. You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.The third step is to keep
27、 a record of your language learning. You can write this in your diary. After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand anything the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it. Write these achievements(成就) in
28、 your diary.You must be active in learning English and believe that you can do it. It is important to practise every day and make a record of your achievements. You will enjoy learning English, and you will feel more confidence in yourself.1. The underlined word communicating in the third paragraph
29、means _.A. getting information B. sharing or exchanging ideas, news, information, etc.C. speaking D. expressing the reason and the result2. When you learn English, you do not need to _.A. be patient B. make mistakesC. express your ideas in English D. understand everything at once3. What is not helpf
30、ul for you to enjoy learning English?A. To communicate in English. B. To worry about making mistakes.C. To think about what you did after each class. D. To make a record of the achievements.4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. It is very important to learn a second language.B. Some people lea
31、rn a second language easily while other people do not.C. There are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.D. Dont worry about making mistakes when learning a second language.BHave you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Lets have a look.People
32、wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants. Sometimes, people may get caught with their pants down. They are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife
33、 tells her husband what to do. Then we say she wears the pants in the family.Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket. Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you have less money than usual, you may have to tighten
34、 your belt.I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I instantly spend it.Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots
35、 think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people.My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly.
36、 But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.5. Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous?A. Get caught with ones pants down.B. Have ants in ones pants.C. Wear the pants in the family.D. Burn a hole in ones pocket.6. If we say someone has to tighten his belt, we prob
37、ably mean he _. A. has done something wrongB. used to live a rich lifeC. has put on the wrong pantsD. is short of money7. Someone who spends his money at the drop of a hat most probably _. A. doesnt save moneyB. earns much moneyC. never wastes his moneyD. spends more than he earns8. We can use the e
38、xpression wear ones heart on ones sleeve to describe someone who _. A. gets angry easilyB. looks very seriousC. shows his feelings openlyD. often wears a suit and tieII. 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017新课标全国卷II)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. I
39、t ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof ove
40、r 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,0
41、00 people were using 7 every day.Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 10 (suc
42、cess) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.I. 单项填空1. (2014江西) Anyway, were here now, so lets _ some serious work.A. come up withB. get down toC. do away withD. live up to2. (2014浙江) Facing up t
43、o your problem _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out. A. more than B. rather thanC. along withD. or rather3. (2014北京) _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. As B. WhenC. Even though D. In caseII. 完成句子1. (2017江苏改编)With a sinking feeling, he realized that he _(actual) enjoyed doing it.2. (2017江苏改编)War didnt _(actual) last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.3. (2017新课标全国卷I改编)It will disappear _(gradual).4. (2017新课标全国卷I改编)Its _
