1、2012.11.03北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案PartReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedsomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet。Passage1Que
2、stions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Itseemslikeeverydaytheressomenewresearchaboutwhetherourfavoritedrinksaregoodforus,(76)Oneday,sciencesaysaglassofredwineadaywillhelpuslivelongerThenextday,maybenotItseemsjournalistsareprettyinterestedinwineresearchandthesamemightbesaidforcoffee.Nowtheresbeenalo
3、tofresearchintowhethercoffeesgoodforourhealththeresultshavereallybeenmixed,admitsNealfreedmanwholedthecoffeestudyandpublishedhisfindingsinamedicaljournalrecently.Therestheriskofcertaindiseasesandtheresbeensomeevidencethatcoffeemightincreasealsobeenmaybemorerecentevidencethatcoffeemayprotectagainstot
4、herdiseasesaswell。FreedmanandhiscolleaguesundertookthebiggeststudyyettolookatthebetweencoffeeandhealthTheyanalyzeddatacollected400,000Americansages50to71participatinginthestudyWefoundthatthecoffeedrinkershadamodestlylowerriskofdeaththanthenon-drinkers,hesaid.Hereswhathemeansbymodestly:thosewhodranka
5、tleasttwoorthreecupsadaywererelationshipfrommorethanabout10percentor15percentlesslikelytodieforanyreasonduringthe13yearsofthestudywhentheresearcherslookedatspecificcausesofdeath,coffeedrinkingappearedtocuttheriskofdyingfromheartdiseaselungdiseaseinjuriesandinfections,accidentsNow,Freedmanstressedtha
6、tthestudydoesntprovecoffeecanmakepeoplelivelonger.Astudylikethiscanneverproveacause-and-effectrelationship(77)AllitcanreallyinvestigationdoistopointresearchersforfurtherintherightdirectionAndevenifitturnsoutthatcoffeeisreallygoodforyou,scientistshavenoideawhy它似乎每天都有一些新的研究是否我们最喜欢的饮料对我们很好,(76)一天,科学说一杯
7、红酒有一天会帮助我们活得更长第二天,也许不是似乎记者很感兴趣的研究和相同的葡萄酒可能说喝咖啡。现在已经有很多研究咖啡是否对我们的健康有好处结果真的被混合,承认Neal弗里德曼领导这项咖啡研究和出版了他的发现发表在医学杂志最近。“有一些证据说明,咖啡可能增加某些疾病的风险,还有被也许最近的证据说明,咖啡可能预防其它疾病。,他们分析了弗里德曼和他的同事们进行了最大的研究还没有看咖啡和健康之间的关系400000年收集的数据超过50岁至71岁的美国参与这项研究“我们发现咖啡饮用者有小幅降低死亡的风险比不喝酒的人,他说。这就是他所谓的“适度:那些喝至少两到三杯每天大约10%或15%的死亡率少任何理由在1
8、3年的研究中,研究者通过观察特定的死亡原因,喝咖啡似乎减少死于心脏病的危险肺病受伤,事故和感染现在,弗里德曼强调,这项研究没有证明咖啡可以让人活得更长。系(77)所有它能真的是指研究者在正确的方向上进行进一步的调查真的对你有好处,科学家们不知道为什么这样的研究不能证明因果关,即使事实证明,咖啡是1Accordingtothefirstparagraph,reporterswouldliketoknowtheresearchfindingsof_A.teaB.beerC.alcoholD.coffee2Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUC
9、E?AFreedmanandhiscolleagueshired400,00Americanstocollectdate。BAboutfourhundredthousandAmericansworkedforFreedmansteamfulltimefor13years。CPeopleWhotookpartinFreedmansresearchareabout50to70yearsoldPeopleWhoare50to70yearsoldseldomdrinkcoffee。D3Accordingtotheauthor,scientists_。Ahavealreadyprovedthatcoff
10、eeisgoodforhumanhealthBhavealongwaytogobeforetheyfindawaytostudycoffeeChaveavoidedthecause-and-effectapproachtostudycoffeeDarestillunabletofigureoutwhycoffeeisgoodforus4Thewordmixedinthefirstparagraphmeans_。AbothgoodandbadB.puttogetherC.bothsharpandsoftD.confused5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatet
11、itleforthispassage?A.CanBeerHelpYouLiveLonger?B.CanCoffeeHelpYouLiveLonger?C.CanWhineHelpYouLiveLonger?D.CanTeaHelpYouLiveLonger?Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Whenwerelearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwhatwehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,we
12、didntknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,itsanactiveprocessofreceivingandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthatsascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforlearning
13、tounderstandaforeigntongueinformation。(78)Studiesofskilledlanguagelearnershaveidentifiedspecificlisteningstrategiesthatleadtosuperiorcomprehension.Lastyear,forexample,UniversityofOttawaresearcherLarryVandergriftpublishedhisstudyof106undergraduateswhowerelearningFrenchasasecondlanguage.Halfofthestude
14、ntsweretaughtinaconventionalfashion,listeningtoandpracticingtextsspokenaloud.Theotherhalf,possessingthesameinitial(最初的)skilllevelandtaughtbythesameteacher,onhowtolisten.Itturnedoutthatthesecondgroup(胜过)thefirstoneonatestofcomprehensionweregivedetailedinstruction“significantlyoutperformed。Sowhatareth
15、eselisteningstrategies?Skilledlearnersgointoalisteningclasswithasenseofwhattheywanttogetofit.(79)Theysetagoalfortheirlistening,andtheygeneratepredictionsaboutwhatthespeakerwillsay.Beforethetalkingbeginstheymentallyreviewwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthesubject,andformanintentiontolistening,theselearnersma
16、intaintheirfocus;iftheirattentionwanders,theybringitbacktothewordsbeingspoken.TheydontallowthemseoffbyconfusingorunfamiliarInstead,theytakenoteofwhattheydont“listenoutforwhatsimportantorrelevant.Oncetheybeginlvestobethrowndetails.understandandmakeinferencesaboutwhatthosethingmightmean,basedonothercl
17、uesavailabletothem;theirpreviousknowledgeofthesubject,thecontext(语境)ofthetalk,theidentityofthespeaker,andsoon。当我们学习一门语言,了解我们听说流利的第一步。这听起来很明显不懂得如何倾听的作品。新的研究说明,有效的倾听包括比仅仅听的话,但是直到最近,我们,浮过去我们的耳朵。,学习的关键一个范相反,它是一个活跃的过程,获取信息和赋予意义。这种倾听是一种技能围的主题在学校和工作,因为它是为了学习了解一个外国的舌头。(78)研究的技术语言学习者已经确定了特定的听力策略华大学研究员拉里Vande
18、rgrift发表他的研究的106名大学生被作为第二语言学习法语。一,听和说大声练习文本。另外一半,拥有相同的初始(最初的)技能水,导致优越的理解。去年,例如,渥太半的学生被教在传统时尚平和教同样的老师,都给详细的指导去听。结果,第二组“明显优于(胜过)上的第一个测试的理解。所以这些是什么听力策略吗?熟练的学习者去听类与感知他们想要得到它。(79)他们设定一个目标对他们的听力,和他们产生什么的预期演讲者会说。在谈话开始他们精神回顾他们已经知道这个话题,并形成一个意图“监听重要的或相关的。一旦他们开始倾听,这些学习者维护他们的重点;如果他们的注意力会分散,他们把它带回正说的话。他们不让自己被扔下通
19、过混淆或不熟悉的细节。相反,他们注意到他们不懂的东西,这些东西做出推论可能意味着什么,基于其他线索可供他们;他们先前的学科知识,上下文(语境)谈话,身份的扬声器,等等。6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Effectivelisteningmeanshearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears。B.Developingyourlisteningskillsisthefirststeptowarddevelopingfluency。C.Skilledlistenersusespecificstrategiestogetthemostou
20、tofwhattheyhear。D.Listeningisoneofthemostpowerfultoolswehavetogaininformation7.WhatdoesVandergriftsresearchshow?。A.LearnerswhoadoptspecificlisteningstrategiesbecomebetterlistenersB.Learnerstaughtinthetraditionalwayarebetteratreinforcingwhattheylearn。C.LearnersaremoreconfidentiftheymakefewermistakesD
21、.Learnerswholistenonaregularbasisimprovefaster8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVandergrift。sresearchisTRUE?A.TheparticipantswerepostgraduateslearningFrenchasasecondlanguage。B.Alltheparticipantsonlisteningstrategiesweretaughtusingtheconventionalmethod,withthefocus。C.Thetwogroupsweretaughtbydiffere
22、ntteacherD.Theparticipantswereatthesameinitialskilllevel。9.Theexpressionto“_。“thrownoffinthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningA.infectedB.confusedC.ruinedD.informed10.Accordingtoskilledlearners?thepassage,whichofthefollowingstrategiesisNOTusedbyA.ReviewtheirpriorknowledgeofthesubjectB.Concentrateonthe
23、speakerswords。C.TranslateintotheirnativelanguageD.PredictwhatthespeakerwillwayPassage3。Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:(80)AstheTitanicwassinkingandwomenandchildrenclimbedintolifeboats,themusiciansfromtheshipsbandstoodandplayed.Theydiedwhentheshipwentdown.Menstoodonthedeckandsmokedcigar
24、ettes.Theydied,too.Thisbehaviorispuzzlingtoeconomists,wholiketobelievethatpeopletendtoactintheirownselfinterest.QueenslandUniversitysurvivors.Itwas“very,veryorderlybehavior“Therewasnopushing,saysDavidSavage,aneconomistatwitnessreportsfromtheinAustraliawhohasstudied。Savagehascomparedthebehaviorofthep
25、assengersontheTitanicwiththoseontheLusitania,anothershipthatalsosankataboutthesametime.ButwhentheLusitaniawentdown,thepassengerspanicked(恐慌).Therewerealotofsimilaritiesbetweenthesetwoevents.Thesetwoshipswerebothluxuryones,theyhadasimilarnumberofpassengersandasimilarnumberofsurvivors。Thebiggestdiffer
26、ence,Savageconcludes,wastime.TheLusitaniasankinlessthan20minutes.ButfortheTitanic,aneventthatlaststwo-and-a-halfitwastwo-and-a-halfhours.“Ifyouvegothours,socialorderwilltakeoverandeverybodywillbehaveinasocialmanner,Savagesays.“Ifyouregoingdowninunder17。OntheTitanic,socialorderruled,andminutes,basica
27、llyitsinstinctualitwaswomenandchildrenfirst.OntheLusitania,instinctwonout.Thesurvivorswerelargelythepeoplewhocouldswimandgetintothelifeboats。Yes,wereself-interested,Savageways.Butwerealsopartofasociety.AhundredyearsGiventime,socialnorms(规范)canbeatournaturalself-interest.ago,womenandchildrenalwayswen
28、tfirst.Menwerestoic(坚忍的)。OntheTitanic,therewasenoughtimeforthesenormstobecomeforceful。(80)在泰坦尼克号下沉和妇女和儿童爬进救生艇,音乐家从船上的乐队站和玩。他们死于船下沉时。男人站在甲板和抽烟。他们死了,太。这种行为是令人费解的经济学家,谁愿意相信人们倾向于他们自身利益行事。“没有推动,戴维萨维奇说,一位经济学家在澳大利亚昆士兰大学研究证人的报告的幸存者。这是“非常、非常有序的行为。野蛮的行为比作泰坦尼克号上的乘客与那些卢西塔尼亚号上,另一艘船沉没,也在同一时间。但当卢西塔尼亚号落时,乘客惊慌失措(恐慌)
29、。有很多相似之处这两个事件。这两艘船都是奢侈的,他们有一个类似的乘客数量和相同数量的幸存者。最大的区别,野蛮人总结道,是时间。卢西塔尼亚号沉没在不到20分钟。但对泰坦尼克号来说,这是两个半小时。“如果你有一个事件,持续两个半小时,社会秩序将接管和每个人都将表现在社会的方式,萨维奇说。“如果你要下在17分钟,基本上这是本能。在泰坦尼克号上,社会秩序统治,妇女和儿童第一。卢西塔尼亚号上,本能胜出。幸存者主要是那些可以游泳,进入救生艇。是的,我们是自私的,野蛮的方式。但我们也社会的一部分。假以时日可以击败我们的自然自身的利益。一百年前,社会规范(规范),妇女和儿童总是先走。男人是斯多葛派(坚忍的)。
30、在泰坦尼克号上,有足够的时间为这些规范成为有力的。11.Accordingtotheauthor,economistswereconfusedbecause_。AaPeoplesbehaviorwasdisorderlyontheTitanicBPeopledidnotactintheirowninterestontheTitanicCmostmendidnotactintheirowninterestontheLusitaniaDwomenandchildrencouldnotclimbintothelifeboats12.Theexpression“wonout“_。inthethirdp
31、aragraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.tooktheupperhandC.ranwildD.shutdownB.wentoutofcontrol13.AccordingtoDavidSavage,_wasacriticalfactorindeterminingpeoplesbehaviorinthesinkingofthesetwoships。A.socialorderB.placeC.instinctD.time14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Bothshipswereexpensiveon
32、es。B.AsimilarnumberofwomenandchildrenfrombothshipssurvivedC.Aboutthesamenumberofpeoplefromeachshipdied。D.Bothshipshadasimilarnumberofpassenger。15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.WhyDidntMusiciansPlayontheLusitania?B.WhyDidMusiciansPlayontheTitanic?C.WhyDidntPassengersPanicD.W
33、hyDidMenSmokeontheTitanic?PartVocabularyandStructure(30%)ontheTitanic?Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。16.HaveyouevervisitedtheSummerPal
34、ace,_therearemanybeautifulridgesandahugelake?halls,A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when17.MrObamawillgiveaspeechonthecurrentsituationatthemeeting_nextweekinBeijing。A.toholdB.heldC.holdingD.tobeheldinthesouth_hespenthischildhoodandmet18.Tiwasinasmallvillagehislife-longfriendthelocalschoolmaster。A.whereB.whenC.
35、whichD.that19.Firstofall,ateachershouldshowloveforhistudentsontopofhisacademicknowledge._,heisnotqualifiedforhisposition。A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Because20.FormanyoverseasChinese,Chinaistheirreal_,becausetheywerebornandgrewupthere。A.homeB.familyC.houseD.household21.Withallyourbrainsyou_thema
36、thtest,butyoufailed.Youweretoocareless。A.shouldpass22.Whenheenteredtheroomhefoundacat_quietlyunderthedeskA.lieB.liesC.tolieD.lying23.TodayMrsSmith_herselfinwhitelikeanurseatthegardenpartyA.woreB.putC.sentD.dressedB.shouldhavepassedC.mustpassD.musthavepassed。24.Inroadrulestheredlightisa_fortraffictos
37、topA.signB.sightC.siteD.size。25.Ican_youforyourrudemannersbutyoumustapologizeinpublic。A.forbidB.forgetC.forecastD.forgive26.GeneralBlairhadbeeninthearmy_for35yearswhenheretiredfromthenavy。A.serviceB.workC.jobD.homework27.Lindaisquitedifferent_hersisterincharacter:shelikesfriendsandgoesoutalotwhilehe
38、rsisteralwaysstaysaloneathome。A.toB.fromC.atD.on28.Jimwasabsentfromschoolforthewholeweek_abadcold。A.becauseofB.inadditiontoC.accordingtoD.infrontof29.Somepeopleliketo_asmallsumofmoneyincaseofurgentneed。A.dealwithB.useupC.setasideD.takeoffsonsperformanceinschoolas30.MrSmithfeelsgreatlyisalwaysthetopo
39、fhisclass_withhishe。A.disturbedB.worriedC.distressedD.satisfied31.Skatingissucha_sportinthenortheastofChinathatalmosteverybodythereknowshowtoskateA.likelyB.famousC。.popularD.long32.Theteachersuggestedthatthey_intheexerciseatonceA.hadhandedB.shouldhavehandedC.handedD.hand。33.Hedidnotgotoschoolyesterd
40、aybecausehe_hisfatherwhowasill。A.musthavelookedafterB.wouldhavetolookafterC.hadtolookafterD.shouldhavelookedafter34.Afterwalkingforhalfanhour,sherealizedthatshe_inthewrongdirection。A.hadbeenwalkingB.hasbeenwalkingC.walkedD.wouldhavewalked35.Dontsmokeintheclassroom,_?A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyo
41、u36.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,soIshalltellyouaboutit_。A.indetailB.inbriefC.forshortD.inall37._theroomthanthetelephonerangoncemoreA.HardlywhenheenteredB.Hardlyheentered。C.NosoonerhehadenteredD.Nosoonerhadheentered38Mybikeisold,_itisingoodcondition。ThereforeB.so39.Thereis_thathehastriedhisbestintheexamin
42、ationA.nottodenyB.notdenyingC.nodenyingD.withoutdenying40.Wouldyou_tocometothemeetingthisweekend?A.besokindB.bekindasC.besokindasD.bekindC.neverthelessD.moreover。41.Hewillwritetomeassoonashe_home。A.willhavereturnedB.returnsC.returnedD.willreturn42._isgenerallybelieved,thereisnowateronthemoonA.AsB.Wh
43、atC.ThatD.It。43.Hedevotedhiswholelifeto_careofthedisabledchildrenA.takesB.takingC.tookD.take。44.Thestudentcontinuedhisuniversitystudy_hisfamilywaspoor。A.eventhoughB.asthoughC.nowthatD.since45.Hisfatherwasputinto_prison,andhehadtogoto_prisontovisithimonceinawhileA.a;theB.the;aC.a;/。D./;thePartIdentif
44、ication(10%)Directions:EachofthefollowingsentencehasfourunderlinepartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。第三部分：挑错46-50ABBCA51-55BBCBD46.Puttingthebottles,leavethemontheboxesandbooksbackwheretheybelong,please.DontABCDdesk。47.ThoughJackisonl
45、y7yearsoldbutheiscleverenoughtoworkoutthatpuzzledifficultevenABCDforagrown-up。48.IopenedtheletterandtostaywhereweitcontainedanimportantinformationthattoldusABCDwere。49.UnlikeJim,IgotoworkbyfootinsteadofbycareverymorningABCD。50.Ifheating,icewillchangeintowaterorsteam。ABCD51.Weatherpermit,wellhavethematchtomorrow。ABCD52.Dontyouthinkittenyearsago?sthemostworstfilmwehaveseensincewecamehereABCD53.SheisasgiftedassheismoreintelligentABCD。54Theteacher,aswellashisstudents,werepresentatthemeeting。ABCD55.Walkingaloneinthedesert,thetravele
