湖南省岳阳市君山区2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编选（打包8套）.zip

1岳阳市君山区 2017高考英语阅读理解一轮编选【2015 高考复习】阅读理解“One City One Book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.Each city’s program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.” Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.American Library Association puts out a detailed step­by­step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。4． “One City One Book” programs________.A．ask everyone in a city to donate one book B．can rid a city of racial divide through readingC．choose short stories for people to read D．encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book解析 细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句可知，这个活动旨在让同一个城市的人们读同一本书并共同评论这本书。答案 D25．We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs________.A．became popular very quicklyB．have been held more than 400 times in SeattleC．were sponsored by the Library of CongressD．reached its peak in 2007解析 推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，当西雅图在 1998年首先推出这个活动以后，其他城市也纷纷效仿，到 2007年这个活动已经在 400多个城市推出，可见这个活动流行得非常迅速。答案 A6．We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl________.A．expects much from the programs B．didn’t expect that the programs would run so wellC．has a practical attitude towards the programs D．believes the programs will push forward community building解析 推理判断题。从文章第三段中 Nancy Pearl的话可知，她警告人们不要对这个活动期望太多，说明她对这个活动持有十分务实的态度。答案 C7．What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?A．It picks out the city which runs the programs well.B．It gives free books to the host city.C．It gives a practical guide to the programs.D．It keeps a record of all known programs.解析 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，美国图书馆协会负责具体指导活动的开展。答案 C2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。Holidays are really important. Many of us have childhood memories of summer holidays when we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways. Hut holidays are expensive and, for those families on low salaries or living onBenefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet. For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find 3themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed (承诺) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safe guiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed. In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real“down time“ for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning. We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this mustbe weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.1、 What does the text mainly talk about?A、 The importance of the holiday. B、 The holiday reduction plan. C、 The balance of holidays and school days.D、 The necessity of cutting down the long holiday.2、 The underlined word“they” in the second paragraph refers to A. holidays B、families C、salaries D、 benefits3、The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students A、obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costsB、 get a chance to spend 8 weeks a term with teachers in schoolC、 benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environmentD、 have more than 5 weeks of school days to receive free school meals4、It can be inferred from the text that A、 working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their childrenB、 some school staff may say “ No“ to the plans for a shorter summer holiday4C、 the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”D、 the suggested plans for a five term school year can hardly be carried out参考答案 1—4、DAC B [社会生活型阅读理解(二)] Some say everyday miracles(奇迹) are predestined(注定的)—the right time for the appointed meeting. And it can happen anywhere. 11yearold Kevin Stephen was a bat boy for his younger brother's Little League team in Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped. When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn't planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, her shift(换班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance. She was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions. And he revived in the end. After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency firstaid techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time. Kevin, now 18, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing towards a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking. Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he'd first learned in Scouts. The food that was trapped in the woman's throat was freed. The colour began to return to her face. “The food was stuck. I couldn't breathe， ” she said. She thought she was dying. “I was very frightened.” 5Who was the woman? Penny Brown.1. The author wrote the passage to show us that________．A. miracles are predestined and they can happen anywhereB. whoever helps you in trouble will get a reward one dayC. God will help those who give others a helping handD. miracles won't come without any difficulty sometimes2. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Kevin Stephen?A. He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life.B. He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players firstaid skills. C. He worked parttime in a local restaurant to save money for college. D. He saved Penny Brown though he didn't really know how to deal with food choke.3. Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?A. She was invited to give the players directions.B. She volunteered to give medical services.C. She was a little worried about his son's safety. D. She came to watch her son's game and cheered him. 4. The underlined word “revived”(Paragraph 3) most likely means “________”．A. came back to life B. became worse C. failed D. moved5. When Kevin knew the woman was Penny Brown, probably he first felt ________．A. happy B. surprised C. sad D. worried(二)【要点综述】 文章通过讲述两个人的互救经历来证明“奇迹是注定的，无处不在”这一观点。1．A 主旨大意题。文章第一段点明了本文的写作目的：奇迹是注定的，无处不在。下文通过具体讲述两个人的互救经历来证明这一观点。2．C 正误判断题。由第四段中“He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.”可知 C项表述正确，符合题意。3．D 细节理解题。由第三段中“…but at the last minute, her shift(换班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance.”可知 Penny Brown是为了看她儿子的比赛，为他加油，6才换了班。4．A 词义猜测题。由前面的句子“Penny bent over the senseless boy…”和下一段的“After his recovery…”可以推出 revive的意思为“苏醒，醒了过来” 。5．B 推理判断题。当 Kevin知道 Penny Brown正是七年前挽救他生命的那个人时， 他的第一感觉应该是“惊讶，意想不到” ；再结合本文的写作目的：奇迹无处不在，可以推出 B项为正确答案。[社会生活型阅读理解(二)]---- (三)People turn to magic(魔力)chiefly as a form of insurance—that is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒语). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(猎物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible. People also tend to forget magic's failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician. Many anthropologists(人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be ________．A. a hunter B. a farmer C. a magician D. an anthropologist72. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Magic and Hunting B. Magic and FarmingC. Why Magic Works? D. Why People Believe in Magic?3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “________”. A. magic words B. magic events C. words or expressions D. magicians4. People believe in magic because________．A. magic powers are greater than natural powersB. magic can turn dreams into realityC. they are not sure of themselves D. magic can bring good results 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.D. Magic can solve problems people can't deal with in a natural way.(三)【要点综述】 为什么有些人相信魔法咒语呢？魔法咒语真的灵验吗？这些人相信魔法咒语是因为他们缺乏自信。作者以人类学家的科学眼光分析了这种社会现象。1．D 2．D 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了人们为什么相信咒语。3．A 词义猜测题。同形异义词需要根据上下文语境来确定其具体意义，不可受原先所熟悉词义的约束。文中第二段的“spell”与“拼写”无关，而是指“咒语”可知。4．C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，人们相信魔法咒语是因为人们需要相信它。当人们无法控制情况的后果时，就可能转向寻求魔法咒语来减轻自己的恐惧或不安，也就是人们缺乏自信。5．D 正误判断题。D 项意思为：咒语可以解决人们用自然的方式不能解决的问题。由文章内容可知，咒语只是人们解决问题时的一种寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地帮助人们解决问题，故 D项表述错误。其他三项均可从文中找到相应的依据。81岳阳市君山区 2017高考英语阅读理解一轮编选【2015 高考复习】阅读理解The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well.Then，suddenly，the interviewer asks an unexpected question， “Which is more important，law or Dove？”Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this.And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.Employers want people skilled，enthusiastic and devoted.So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are.In response，employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality.The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Keirsey Personality Sorter.It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.This is often called an aptitude test (能力倾向测验)．According to Mark Baldwin many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult.When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma.Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest.But they fail because they don’t understand what the interviewer is looking for.Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.【语篇解读】 本文讲述了现代企业招聘面试中的能力倾向测试并为求职者提供了回答此类问题的技巧。1．The writer wrote the passage to________.A．give you a piece of advice on a job interviewB．tell you how to meet a job interviewerC．describe the aptitude test D．advice you how to find a job解析 写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文意在为面试者提供建议。答案 A2．Why do the interviewers ask such questions?A．They want to discover what the interviewees know.B．They are curious about the answers.C．They try to discover the ability of the interviewees solving problems.D．They just ask questions without thinking much.解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is an attempt to discover how people solve 2problems，rather than what they know.”可知答案为 C项。答案 C3．According to the writer，in an aptitude test，Chinese job applicants should________.A．not tell the truthB．learn to tell what they really thinkC．be more enthusiasticD．try to find out what the examiner really want to know解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.”可知，在能力倾向测验中，求职者应该给出一个诚实的答案。答案 B4．From the passage we know that________.A．job applicants are always asked such questionsB．more Chinese applicants fail to find a jobC．applicants should not act as reasonably as a prisonerD．the aptitude test is becoming popular worldwide解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，西方的求职者们不断发现他们被问到类似这样的奇怪问题，而且有迹象表明这种情况在中国也开始出现。由此可推知 D项正确。答案 D阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A.B.C和 D项中，选出最佳选项。 Chocolate soap is supposed to be good for the skin. But it’s not so good for the tongue. Unfortunately for the US soldiers of World War II, the chocolate bars the army gave them tasted like they were intended for use in the bath.In the army’s defense, it wasn’t trying to win any cooking awards. In fact, it specifically ordered that its chocolate bars not be too delicious, so soldiers wouldn’t eat them too quickly. These bars were created for survival, not taste. “They were awful,” John Otto, a former army captain in World War II said. “They were big, thick things, and they weren’t any good. I tried ’em, but I had to be awful hungry after I tried them once.”As unappealing as the chocolate bars were to some, others liked them. Samuel Hinkle, the chemist who created the chocolate bars, pointed out that the number of bars made were far greater than the army needed. “It soon became obvious that the generous American soldiers were sharing their valued possessions with their foreign friends, whether soldiers of other 3countries or local citizens.”The bars turned many hungry Europeans into friends of the United States. “People wanted them,” said Otto. “You’d give them to kids. In some places they were very hungry. And they sure helped relax people about American soldiers.”Otto said he never saw a European turn his or her nose up at the chocolate. “It was food,” he said. “At that time, everyone was very hungry. I saw German kids standing outside the U.S. army kitchen. They weren’t begging, just standing there very politely. When we were done, the kids would eat the food out of the garbage. They were that hungry.”Other Europeans did not see chocolate until well after the war ended. “We didn’t see any Americans where I was,” said Elizabeth Radsma, who was 25 years old when the Germans occupied her country, the Netherlands. “Even after the war, we saw only English. Maybe the Americans gave out some chocolate in the big cities, but we were only in a small town. Before the British, we saw only German soldiers. But chocolate? Don’t make me laugh! Maybe in my dreams!”A soldier in the field might have responded “Be careful what you wish for” — and then gratefully bit down on a chocolate bar, the only food available for miles.1. What was the American soldiers’ attitude towards the chocolate bars?A. They were delicious.B. They tasted awful.C. They were necessary for survival.D. Too many of them were produced.2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The US soldiers used the chocolate bars as bath soap.B. The US soldiers did not have enough food during World War II.C. The US army produced more chocolate bars than necessary for its soldiers. D. European people regretted eating chocolate bars from the US soldiers.3. The underlined expression “turn his or her nose up at” probably means ________.A. reject B. demand C. receive D. smell4. Why does the author mention the German kids’ story?A. To tell how friendly the American soldiers were.4B. To describe the hunger in post-war Germany.C. To prove German kids could be very polite.D. To show how much they were eager for chocolates.5. Elizabeth Radsma never saw chocolate during the war because _________.A. the US soldiers handed out all of them to people in big citiesB. the German soldiers kept them all for themselves C. the British soldiers didn’t share them with the local peopleD. the US soldiers never showed up in the small town she lived in【参考答案】1—5、BCABD[文化教育型阅读理解] Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney's entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they're treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”， as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves. All new employees, from vicepresidents to parttime workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions 1”. Here, they learn about the company's history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.After passing “Traditions 1”， the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eighthour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds？…We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”Even Disney's managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the 5managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail (单轨列车), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one longtime business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, and rewards them, is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success…I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”1. The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees ________．A. begin as ticket takers B. must learn several jobsC. begin by receiving onthejob training D. have already attended Disney University2. The main goal of the Disney employees is to ________．A. learn all parts of the business B. keep their important guests happyC. be able to answer all kinds of questions D. see that their guests enjoy themselves3. Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to ________．A. gain a better view of the company's objectives B. remind themselves of their beginnings at DisneyC. set a good example for employees D. replace employees on holiday4. Which is the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Parades are regularly held in Disney's entertainment parks.B. Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.C. Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.D. Disney's managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in the Disney parks.65. This passage is mainly about ________．A. how Disney employees are trainedB. the history and traditions of the Disney enterprisesC. the importance Disney places on serving people wellD. why Disney enterprises make a lot of money(三)【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了迪斯尼公司通过严格的训练管理和优质的服务吸引了来自世界各地的人们观光旅游。1．C 细节理解题。从第二段“All new employees, from vicepresidents to parttime workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking ‘Traditions 1'.”和后面所讲述的训练情况可知，每一个新职员必须在开始就进行工作培训。2．D 细节理解题。根据文中第三段最后一句话“Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”可知，迪斯尼乐园职工的目的是让游客们玩得高兴。3．A 细节理解题。根据第四段提供的信息“Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes.”和本段的最后一句话“The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.”可知，经理们每年穿上特殊的工作服是为了更好地看清迪斯尼公司的目标。4．C 细节理解题。通读全文可知，选项 C是错误的，因为游客到迪斯尼的目的不是了解它的历史，而是进行娱乐活动。5．C 主旨大意题。通篇文章主要介绍了迪斯尼公司严格的训练管理和优质的服务。迪斯尼公司把为游客服务放在重要的位置。[广告型阅读理解]-----(一)TRAVEL GROUPS TO AUSTRALIA，NEW ZEALAND，FIJI：Group of 6 or more？Are you a member of a group or a society that likes to Do you allow children on your tours？Yes，however, the minimum age is 7 years on our tours.7travel？Contact us for a price quote for your private group tour.Although our scheduled tours are for small groups，we can customize(订制) a tour for 6～200 guests.Larger tours include free places for you and other extras.Plan a trip to your very own Australia or New Zealand.No group too small or large.Planning a sorority(女生联谊会) reunion in Australia，professional organization trip，church or survivor travel to New Zealand，or a New Zealand garden tour？We would be happy to customize an itinerary(行程)for you，including the private minibus or motorcoach with a tour guide，hotels or B&B's of your choice，and any sightseeing or meals you would like.We will do our best to design a unique tour just for you or your own group，others just like you who enjoy discovering special，unique hotels，and unusual inns，outstanding food，and cultural，literary and historical sites.We prefer to plan these tours in a relaxing manner，staying at two or three base locations from which you can visit places of interest and don't have to move luggage every day.Call 18002212474 9 am～6 pm Mon～Fri Eastern Time or (516) 2482042 outside USA/CanadaAlthough we have provided as much information as possible on our website，we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.Sometimes，it is just easier to speak to one of us.We are awaiting your call.8What goes into an unforgettable tour of Australia？Lots of great scenery，for sure.Maybe an aboriginal dance，perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeeper，or a shepherd walking his dogs.We pay attention to all the details so you can relax and enjoy your trip.If you don't know where to start，we have suggested itineraries for garden tours，wildlife，family travel and more.1.Where is the travel agent?A．New Zealand. B．Australia. C．Canada. D．The US.2．The travel agent prefers to be contacted ________．A．online B．by letterC．by phone D．in person3．Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A．Free places and other extras can be provided for larger groups.B．An aboriginal dance can be enjoyed in New Zealand.C．The group tour is mainly designed in a relaxing way.D．The sites and accomodation can be chosen by visitors.4．Which of the following groups could have a special tour in the travel agent?A．Five females who want to have a guide.B．A school with 300 students.C．A couple accompanied by their four teens.D．The children below 7 studying in the kindergarten.5．Where can we most probably read this text?A．In a newspaper. B．On the Internet page.C．In a travel club. D．In a travel magazine.9(一)【要点综述】 本文为一则广告。一家旅游公司就组团去澳大利亚、新西兰以及斐济旅游给出了一些要求、条件及联系方式。1．D 细节理解题。由右边的公司的标志图里可看到公司的地址在美国。2．C 细节理解题。由右边倒数第二段“…we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.”可知，公司情愿大家打电话联系。3．B 细节理解题。由左边最后一段“Lots of great scenery, for sure. Maybe an aboriginal dance, perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeeper, or a shepherd working his dogs.”可知，在澳大利亚能看到土著人的舞蹈，而不是在新西兰。4．C 推理判断题。由第一段“Although our scheduled tours are for small groups, we can customize(订制) a tour for 6～200 guests.”以及右边“Yes, however the minimum age is 7 years on our tours. ”可知，6 个人而且是 7岁以上的团体能够定制一个适合自己的团队。5．B 推理判断题。由右边第一幅图上的“Download Our Brochure”可推出，这应该是一个网上链接下载的图标，故选 B项。