江西省余干县第二中学2017届高三上学期第三次周考试题（5科5份）.zip

1高三上学期第三次周考生物试题时间：50 分钟 总分：100 命题人： 2016 09 28一、选择题（共 14 小题，每小题 4 分，共 56 分） 1．关于 DNA 和 RNA 的叙述，正确的是（）A．原核细胞中既有 DNA，也有 RNA B．一种病毒同时含有 DNA 和 RNAC．DNA 有氢键，RNA 没有氢键 D．叶绿体、线粒体和核糖体都含有 DNA2．有关糖的叙述，正确的是（ ）A.葡萄糖在线粒体中合成 B. 纤维素由葡萄糖组成C. 葡萄糖遇碘变为蓝色 D.胰岛素促进糖原分解3．关于糖分解代谢的叙述，错误的是（）A.甜菜里的蔗糖经水解可产生葡萄糖和果糖 B.乳汁中的乳糖经水解可产生葡萄糖和半乳糖C. 枯枝落叶中的纤维素经微生物分解可产生葡萄糖D.发芽小麦种子中的麦芽糖经水解可产生果糖4．下列有关细胞物质组成的叙述，正确的是（）A．DNA 和 RNA 分子的碱基组成相同 B．在人体活细胞中氢原子的数目最多C．多糖在细胞中不与其他分子相结合 D．蛋白质区别于脂质的特有元素是氮5．图 3 显示了人体内能源物质的代谢途径，大写字母代表物质，其中物质 Z 直接参与了过程①，下列叙述不正确的是（）A．X 是葡萄糖 B．Y 是丙酮酸 C．Q 是甘油 D．Z 可以是氨基酸脱去氨基的碳链6.下列关于核酸的叙述中，正确的是 ( )A .DNA 和 RNA 中的五碳糖相同B . 双链 DNA 分 子中嘌呤数等于嘧啶数C .T2 噬菌体的遗传信息贮存在 RNA 中D .组成 DNA 与 ATP 的元素种类不同7．如图是细胞核的结构模式图。下列关于其结构及功能的叙述正确的是( )A．①属于生物膜系统，把核内物质与细胞质分开班级：_________________姓名：_________________学号：____________________2B．②是遗传物质 DNA 和 RNA 的载体C．③与蛋白质的合成直接有关D．④有利于 DNA 和 mRNA 从细胞核进入细胞质8．下列关于细胞核的叙述正确的是( )A．在电镜下观察处于分裂间期的真核细胞，可以看到细胞核的主要结构有核 膜、核仁和染色体B．真核细胞的核膜上有多种酶，有利于 各种化学反应的顺利进行C．真核细胞的核膜上有核孔，脱氧核糖核酸等大分子物质可以通过核孔进入细胞质D．原核细胞的拟核除没有核膜外，其他方面与真核细胞的细胞核没有差别9．大量事实表明，在蛋白质合成旺盛的 细胞中，常有较大和 较多的核仁。根据这一事实可以推测( )A．DNA 的转录和翻译通常发生在核仁中 B．核仁可能与组成核糖体的 必需物质的合成有关C．无核仁的细胞往往不能合成蛋白质 D．细胞中的蛋白质主要由核仁合成10．甜菜块根细胞中有花青素，使块根呈红色。将块根切成小块放在蒸馏水中，水无明显的颜色变化。但用盐酸处理这些块根后，则能使水变红，这是因为( )A．细胞壁被盐酸破坏 B．花青素不溶于 水而溶于盐酸C．盐酸破坏了原生质层的选择透过性 D．盐酸破坏了细胞膜的选择透过性11．将洋葱表皮细胞置于一定浓度的 KNO3深液中，一段时间后用显微镜观察，未观察到质壁分离现象。以下推测不合理的是( )A．细胞在盐溶液中不发生质壁分离 B．KNO 3溶液浓度可能低于细胞液浓度C．所取洋葱表皮细胞可能是死细胞 D．细胞可能发生质壁分离后又自动复原12．以下有关植物对水分吸收和对矿质元素吸收的叙述中正确的是( )A．将洋葱根尖的分生区细胞和大肠杆菌细胞放在 30%的蔗糖溶液中会发生质壁分离现象 B．用质壁分离和复原可以判断原生质体有无活性C．缺镁和缺铁都会使植物失绿即叶片发黄，缺镁，老的部位先失绿，缺铁，嫩的部位先失绿D．植物吸收水分和吸收矿质元素离子的动力都是蒸腾作用13．若要在普通显微镜下观察到质壁分离、RNA 和脂肪，下列四组材料中 应选择的一组是( )A．水稻胚乳和花生子叶 B．紫色洋葱和花生子叶C．天竺葵叶和水稻胚乳 D．天竺葵叶和紫色洋葱14.下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述，错误的是( )A．植物细胞积累 K＋ 需消耗能量 B．细胞对离子的吸收具有选择性C．液泡中积累大量离子，故液泡膜不具有选择透过D．海水中的海藻细胞可通过积累溶质防止质壁分离单项选择题答题卡（共计 56 分）3二、非选择题（3 大题，共 44 分）15．细胞中细胞核与细胞质之间的关系问题曾经是细胞生物学家们研究的一个热点问题。下面是以伞藻为实验材料所做的几个经典生物学实验。请依据所提供的资料，回答 下列问题：材 料一：伞藻是单细胞生物。甲、乙两种伞藻的帽形不同(如图)，现将甲伞藻的 A 部分与乙伞藻的 B 部分嫁接在一起，发现第一次长出的帽状体呈中间类型，若切除这一帽状体，第二次长出的帽状体则与甲的帽状体形状相同。(1)你认为第一次长出的帽状体呈中间类型的原因是： 。(2)第二次长出的帽状体与甲的帽状体形状相同，这能说明核、质之间的关系是：。材料二：当伞藻的帽状体长到一定大小时，就不再继续长大，而是开始发生细胞分裂。于是有人提出了如下假说：细胞分裂与细胞核、质体积的比例有关，当细胞核的体积(h)与细胞质的体积(z)比值太小时，即 h∶z 太小时，细胞就会发生分裂；反之，就不会发生分裂。并且，他还做了如下实验：在伞已经长出、核将要分裂时，将伞切去，核的分裂就受 到抑制，直到新的再生出来，核才恢复分裂。(3)请你利用伞藻，另外设计一个实验，作为上述实验的补充，来进一步证明上述假说。。题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14答案416．在一密闭容器内放 入某绿色植物，用红外线测量仪测得不同光照下，该绿色植物从容器中吸收的 CO2净增量 36mg／h（定值） ，若放在黑暗环境中，测得容器内CO2净增量为 20mg／h，现分别在 m 勒克斯（lx）和 n勒克斯（lx）光照强度下测得有关数据（如图） ，设呼吸作用释放的 CO2扩散到叶绿体中被利用的转化率为定值 a。（1）a 值为 。（2）光照强度为 n lx 时的呼级作用强度 黑暗时的呼吸作用强度（填 “＜” 、 “＞”或“=” ） ，引起这种差异的因素是 。（3）在光照强度为 n lx 的条件下放置 4h，然后移入黑暗 h 后，有机物净积累量为零。（4）设光合作用总反应式为：6CO 2十 12H2O→C 6H12O6十 6H2O＋6O 2（条件：光和叶绿体） ，在 p lx光照下 1h 内实际合成 C6H12O6的量为 60mg，则在此段时间内呼吸作用释放 CO2的平均速率为 mg／h．17．图甲为细胞中某一结构的模式图，图乙表示图甲中 3 的成分及其各级结构。据图回答下列问题：(1)图甲所示结构为_____________的亚显微结构。(2)图甲中 2 所示结构是__________________。单位面积的该结构数目与细胞类型和代谢水平有关，你认为人的胰岛 B 细胞比口腔上皮细胞中该结构的数目________________。(填“多” 、 “少”)(3)图乙中①控制②的合成，①是__________分子，鉴定②的试剂为__________。(4)图乙中①在动物细胞中除了在④上外，还分布在________________中。1高三上学期第三次周考数学试卷（理）一、选择题1.已知 ，则 等于（ ）317sin)149cos(7)149sin( xx xcosA. B. C. D.33222.在 ABC中，角 A，B，C 所对的边分别为 a，b，c．若 ， ， ，则（ ）A． B． C． D．3.已知 ，则 （ ）2tansinA. B. C. D.4543524. 在 中 ， a,b,c分 别 为 角 A,B,C的 对 边 ， 满 足 ,则 的 形 状 为 （ ）C BbAacosCA. 等腰三角形 B. 直角三角形 C. 等腰直角三角形 D. 等腰三角形或直角三角形5. 已知 且 为第二象限角，则3sin5tan24(A) (B) (C) (D) 19193171736. 已知 中， 分 别是角 所对的边，若 则角 BABCcba,CBA，， ，0cos)2(CbBa的大小为（ ）A. B. C. D.632657. 某公司要测量一水塔 的高度，测量人员在该水塔所在的东西方向水平 直线上选择 ， 两CD AB个观测点，在 处测得该水塔顶端 的仰角为 ，在 处测得该水塔顶端 的仰角为 ．已知ABD， ，则水塔 的高度为（ ）Ba02A． B．sin()sisin()a2C． D． sin()siasin()a8.在 中，a,b,c 分别是 A，B，C 所对的边，且ABc=1， ， 的面积的1sin322aba最大值为（ ）A. B. C. D.141439.在△ABC 中，角 A、B、C 所对的边分别为 a，b，c，若 ，且 ，则下列关系一定不成立的是（ ）A．a=c B．b=c C．2a=c D．a 2+b2=c210. 在△ABC 中，A=60°，BC= ，D 是 AB边上的一点，CD= ，△BCD 的面积为 1，则 AC的长为（ ）A．2 B． C． D．请将选择题的答案填在下列答题卡处1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10二 、 填 空 题11. 在△ABC 中，若 AB=3，∠ABC=75°，∠ACB=60°，则 BC等于 ．12.设△ABC 的内角为 A，B，C，所对的边分别是 ， ， .若 ，则角abcabcba))((C=__________.13. 如图，在△ABC 中，已知点 D在 BC边上， AD⊥AC，sin∠BAC= ，AB=3 ，AD=3，则 BD的长为 ．14. 若△ABC 的三边 a，b，c 及面积 S满足 ，则 ．22)(cbaAsin三 、 解 答 题315.已知函数 ．xxf 22sin)6(cos)(（Ⅰ）求 的值；)1(f（Ⅱ）若对于任意的 ，都有 ，求实数 c的取值范围．]2,0[xxf)(16.在△ABC 中，角 A，B，C 所对的 边分别为 a，b，c，已知 ．CBcbaos)(2（1）求角 C的大小； （2）若 c=2，且 ab= ，求证：sinA=sinB．17. 在△ABC 中，内角 A，B，C 的对应边分别为 a，b，c，已知 a=csinB+bcosC．（1）求 A+C的值；（2）若 ，求△ABC 面积的最大值．418.在 中，a,b,c 分别是角 A，B，C 的对边， .ABC Acos2（1）求角 A；（2）当 ， 时，求边 c的值和 的面积.3a3422cbaSABC BC5参考答案：一、选择题1.已知 ，则 等于（ ）317sin)149cos(7)149sin( xx xcosA. B. C. D.33222.在 ABC中，角 A，B，C 所对的边分别为 a，b，c．若 ， ， ，则（ ）A． B． C． D．【解析】B 因为所以由正弦定理有：3.已知 ，则 （ ）2tansinA. B. C. D.454352【解析】 A A,541tan2cossincosin2si 22 选4. 在 中 ， a,b,c分 别 为 角 A,B,C的 对 边 ， 满 足 ,则 的 形 状 为 （ ）BC BbAsCA. 等腰三角形 B. 直角三角形 C. 等腰直角三角形 D. 等腰三角形或直角三角形【解析】D 由正弦定理得 ,则 ，所以 或 .选sincosicABsin2iABA+=2BD.5. 已知 且 为第二象限角，则3sin5ta46(A) (B) (C) (D) 195519317173【解析】D ，3424sincossin527coss1524ta71ta376. 已知 中， 分别是角 所对的边，若 则角 B的ABCcb,CBA，， ，0cos)2(CbBa大小为（ ）B. B. C. D.63265【解析】C 由正弦定理得 ，即0cosincs)ins2( CBCA,0)sin(cosi2CBA化简解得 ， . 选 C.1237. 某公司要测量一水塔 的高度，测量人员在该水塔所在的东 西方向水平直线上选择 ， 两D AB个观测点，在 处测得该水塔顶端 的仰角为 ，在 处测得该水塔顶端 的仰角为 ．已知ABD， ，则水塔 的高度为（ ）Ba02CA． B．sin()sisin()aC． D．i()isais()s【解析】B 中， ，AB由正弦定理，得 ．)sin(sin)si( aAa在 中， ． ACDRtii()8.在 中，a,b,c 分别是 A，B，C 所对的边，且 c=1， ，B 1sin322Caba的面积的最大值为（ ）A7A. B. C. D.141243【解析】由余弦定理有 ，结合题意得Cabcaos22，又 c=1，所以得 ，得 ，所以有1sin3cos2bCab 3tanC，得 ，当且仅当 a=b时等号成立，所以a21.43sin1sin bSABC9.在△ABC 中，角 A、B、C 所对的边分别为 a，b，c，若 ，且 ，则下列关系一定不成立的是（ ）A．a=c B．b=c C．2a=c D．a 2+b2=c2【解析】B ∵b 2+c2﹣a 2= bc，∴cosA= = ，∴A=30°，由正弦定理化简 b= a，得到 sinB= sinA= ，∴B=60°或 120°，当 B=60°时，C=90°，此时△ABC 为直角三角形，得到 a2+b2=c2，2a=c；当 B=120°时，C=30°，此时△ABC 为等腰三角形，得到 a=c，综上，b=c 不一定成立．10. 在△ABC 中，A=60°，BC= ，D 是 AB边上的一点，CD= ，△BCD 的面积为 1，则 AC的长为（ ）A．2 B． C． D．【解析】D ∵BC= ，CD= ，△BCD 的面积为 1，∴ sin∠DCB=1，∴sin∠DCB = ，则 cos∠DCB= ，则 BD2=CB2+CD2﹣2CD•CBcos∠DCB=4，得 BD=2，在△BDC 中，由余弦定理可得 cos∠BDC= =﹣ ，8∴∠BDC=135°，∠ADC=45°，在△ ADC中，∠ADC=45°，A=60°，DC= ，由正弦定理可得， ，∴AC= ．11. 在△ABC 中，若 AB=3，∠ABC=75°，∠ACB=60°，则 BC等于 ．【答案】 【解析】根据三角形内角和定理知∠BAC=180°﹣75°﹣60°=45°．根据正弦定理得 = ，即 = ，∴BC= = = ．12.设△ABC 的内角为 A，B，C，所对的边分别是 ， ， .若 ，则角abcabcba))((C=__________.答案: 解析：由 ，得 ，32cba))(( 22，所以，C＝21cosabcC313. 如图，在△ABC 中，已知点 D在 BC边上，AD⊥AC，sin∠BAC= ，AB=3 ，AD=3，则 BD的长为 ．【答案】【解析】∵AD⊥AC，∴∠DAC=90°，∴∠BAC=∠BAD+∠DAC=∠BAD+90°，∴sin∠BAC=sin（∠BAD+90°）=cos∠BAD= ，在△ABD 中，AB=3 ，AD=3，根据余弦定理得：BD 2=AB2+AD2﹣2AB•AD•cos∠BAD=18+9﹣24=3，则 BD= ．14. 若△ABC 的三边 a，b，c 及面积 S满足 ，则 ．22)(cbaAsin【解析】由 1+ = ，得 1+ = ．即 cosAsinB+sinAcosB=2sinCcosA，即 sin（A+B）=2sinCcosA，9即 sinC=2sinCcosA，∴cosA= ，即 A= ，∵a=2 ，c=2 ，∴a＞c，即 A＞C，由正弦定理得 ，即 ，∴sinC= ，即 C=45°.三 、 解 答 题15.已知函数 ．xxf 22sin)6(cos)(（Ⅰ）求 的值；)1(f（Ⅱ）若对于任意的 ，都有 ，求实数 c的取值范围．]2,0[xxf)(【解析】（Ⅰ）∵函数 ，∴． （Ⅱ）∵= = ． 因为 ，所以 ，所以当 ，即 时，f（x）取得最大值 ． 所以 ，f（x）≤c 等价于 ．故当 ，f（x）≤c 时，c 的取值范围是 ． 16.在△ABC 中，角 A，B，C 所对的边分别为 a，b，c，已知 ．CBcbaos)(2（1）求角 C的大小； （2）若 c=2，且 ab= ，求证：sinA=sinB．【解析】（1）∵ = ．10∴利用诱导公式及正弦定理可得： = ，∴2sinAcosC+sinBcosC+sinCcosB=0，即：2sinAcosC+sinA=0，整理可得：sinA（2cosC+1）=0，∵sinA≠0，可得：cosC=﹣ ，∴由 C∈（0，π），可得：C=（2）证明：∵C= ，c=2，且 ab= ，∴由余弦定理：c 2=a2+b2﹣2abcosC 可得：4=a 2+b2+ab=（a﹣b） 2+3ab=（a﹣b） 2+4，∴解得：（a﹣b） 2=0，解得：a=b，∴由正弦定理可得：sinA=sinB．17. 在△ABC 中，内角 A，B，C 的对应边分别为 a，b，c，已知 a=csinB+bcosC．（1）求 A+C的值；（2）若 ，求△ABC 面积的最大值．【解析】（1）由正弦定理得到：sinA=sinCsinB+sinBcosC因为在三角形中，sinA=sin[π﹣（B+C）]=sin（B+C）所以 sin（B+C）=sinBcosC+cosBsinC=sinCsinB+sinBcosC所以 cosBsinC=sinCsinB因为 C∈（0，π），sinC≠0，所以 cosB=sinB即 tanB=1，B∈（0，π）所以 ，即 ．（2）由余弦定理得到：b 2=a2+c2﹣2accosB，所以 ，所以 即当且仅当 a=c即 时“=”成立，而 ，所以△ABC 面积的最大值为 ．18.在 中，a,b,c 分别是角 A，B，C 的对边， .ABC Acos2（1）求角 A；（2）当 ， 时，求边 c的值和 的面积.3a3422cbaSABC BC【解析】 （1）由 得 ， ……2 分cos01os2A所以 或 . ……4分111因为 所以 ， 所以角 A为 0A1cos223（2）由 及 2243BCSabsinABCSab有 即 ……7分22sinc223ic由余弦定理有 3os显然 有 ， ∴ cos0Ctan6C又由正弦定理有 得 ， …… 10 分23sii6c2又 …… 11分1sini()3B所以 的面积 。 …… 12 分ACsin32SacB12017 届高三上学期周练（3）物理试卷考试时间：50 分钟 满分：100 分 一选择题（8X6=48 分，1—5 为单选题，6--8 多选题。 ）1．如图，质量为 m 的物体 A 放置在质量为 M 的物体 B 上， B 与弹簧相连，它们一起在光滑水平面上做简谐振动，振动过程中 A、B 之间无相对运动，设弹簧的劲度系数为 k，当物体离开平衡位置的位移为 x 时，A、B 间摩擦力的大小等于A．0 B．kｘ C． （ ）kｘ D． （ ）kｘm2．A 和 B 两物体在同一直线上运动的 v－t 图像如图所示。已知在第 3 s 末两个物体在途中相遇，则下列说法正确的是A．两物体从同一地点出发 B．出发时 B 在 A 前 3 m 处C．3 s 末两个物体相遇后，两物体可能再相 遇 D．运动过程中 B 的加速度大于 A 的加速度3．两物体 A.B 按如图所示连接且处于静止状态，已知两物体质量为 mAmB，且 mA＝2m B，A 物体和地面的动摩擦因数为 μ．现在 B 上加一个水平力 F，使物体 B 缓慢移动，物体 A 始终静止，则此过程中A．物体 A 对地面的压力逐渐变大 B．物体 A 受到的摩擦力不变C．绳的拉力大小不变 D．地面对 A 的作用力变大 4．如上图甲所示，斜面体静止在粗糙的水平地面上，斜面体上有一小滑块 A 沿斜面匀速下滑口现对小滑块施加一竖直向下的作用力 F，如图乙所示口两种情景下斜面体均处于静止状态口则下列说法错误的是A.施加力 F 后，小滑块 A 受到的滑动摩擦力增大 B.施加力 F 后，小滑块 A 仍以原速度匀速下滑C.施加力 F 后，地面对斜面体的支持力增大 D.施加力 F 后，地面对斜面体的摩擦力增大5．一斜面放在水平地面上，倾角为为 θ= 45°，一个质量为 m=0.2kg 的小球用细绳吊在斜面顶端，班级------------------------姓名----------------------------座号-------------------------2如图所示。斜面静止时，球紧靠在斜面上，绳与斜面平行，不计斜面与水平面的摩擦。下列说法中正 确的是（ ）A、当斜面以向左的加速度 a=5 m/s2运动时，斜面对小球的弹力为零B、斜面向右的加速度超过 a=10m/s2时，球与斜面脱离C、无论斜面做什么运动，绳子拉力的竖直分力一定等于球的重力D、无论斜面做什么运动 ，绳子拉力与斜面弹力的合力一定 竖直向上6．在倾角为 的光滑斜面上有两个 用轻弹簧相连接的物块 A、B，它们的质量均为 m，弹簧劲度系数为 k，C 为一固定挡板，系统处于静止状态。现用一恒力 F 沿斜面方向拉物块 A 使之向上运动，当物块 B 刚要离开 C 时，A 的速度为 ,则此过程（弹簧的弹 性势能与弹簧的伸长量或压缩量的平v方成正比，重力加速度为 g） A.物块 A 运动的距离为B.物块 A 的加速度为kmsin2m2C.拉力 F 做的功为 D.拉力 F 对 A 做的功等于 A 的机械能的增加量1v7．如图，离水平地面一定高处水平固定一内壁光滑的圆筒，筒内固定一轻质弹簧，弹簧处于自然长度。现将一小球从地面以某一初速度斜向上抛出，刚好能水平进入圆筒中，不计空 气阻力。下列说法中正确的是（ ）A.小球在上升过程中处于失重状态B.弹簧获得的最大弹性势能等于小球抛出时的动能C.小球从抛出点到筒口的时间与小球抛出时的初速度方向有关D.小球从抛出点到筒口的时间与小球抛出时的初速度方向无关8．如图所示，A 为置于地球赤道上的物体，B 为绕地球做椭圆轨道运动的卫星，C 为绕地球做圆周3运动的卫星，P 为 B.C 两卫星轨道的交点，已知 A.B.C 绕地心运动的周期相同， 相对于地心，下列说法中正确的是A.卫星 C 的运行速度小于地球的第一宇宙速度B.卫星 B 运动轨迹的半长轴与卫星 C 运动轨迹的半径相等C.物体 A 和卫星 C 具有相同大小的加速度D.卫星 B 在 P 点的加速度大小与卫星 C 在 P 点加速度大小不相等题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8答案二、实验填空题（共 4X4=16 分）9 如图所示，AB 是一可升降的竖直支架，支架顶端 A 处固定一弧形轨道，轨道末端水平。一条形木板的上端铰接于过 A 的水平转轴上，下端搁在水平地面上。将一小球从弧型轨道某一位置由静止释放，小球落在木板上的某处，测出小球平抛运动的水平射程 x 和此时木板与水平面的夹角 θ，并算出 tanθ。改变支架 AB 的高度，将小球从同一位置释放，重复实验，得到多组 x 和 tanθ，记录的数据如下表（1）在图 B.的坐标中描点连线，做出 x-tanθ 的关系图像；（2）根据 x-tanθ 图像可知小球做平抛运动的初速度 v0＝__________m/s；实验中发现 θ 超过60°后，小球将不会掉落在斜面上，则斜面的长度为________m。 （重力加速度 g 取 10m/s2） ；（3）实验中有一组数据出现明显错误，可能的原因是_______________________________________________。三．计算题 10．现有 A、B 两列火车在同一轨道上同向行驶，A 车在前，其速度 vA=10m/s，B 车速度 vB=30m/s。因大雾能见度低，B 车在距 A 车 600 m 时才发现 A 车，此时 B 车立即刹车，但 B 车要减速 1800m 才能够停止。(1)求 B 车刹车后减速运动的加速度多大?4(2)若 B 车刹车 8s 后，A 车以加速度 a1=0.5m/s2加速前进，问能否避免事故?若能够避免则两车最近时相距多远?、11．如图所示，质量为 m 的小球用长为 L 的细绳悬于光滑的斜面上的 O 点，小球在这个倾角为 θ的斜面上做 圆周运动，若小球恰能在斜面上做圆周运动。求最高点速率 υ1 和最低点的速率 υ2，及绳子在这两个位置时的张力的大小。Lθυ 1υ 2o1余干二中高三第三次周考英语试卷全卷满分：150 分 考试时间：90 分钟 一、阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANo trip to Chicago is complete without a visit to the Art Institute, which is the second largest art museum in the nation.Opening hours:Mon - Wed Thu, 10:30 am- 8 pm; closed on New Year’s Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day.Highlights: The Modern Wing contains contemporary masterpieces by Dali, Matisse, Miro, Picasso, Pollock, and Warhol.● In the Central Hall visitors can view one of the world’s finest Impressionist collections, including masterpieces by Monet, Degas, Renoir, Seurat, Gauguin, and Van Gogh.● Thorne Miniature Rooms offer a detailed view of European homes from the 16th century through the 1930s and American homes from the 17th century to 1940.● The past returns as over 550 works from 4,000 years of art come together in Of Gods and Glamour, located in the beautiful new Mary and Michael Jaharis Galleries of Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Art.Advice for visitors:● Free guided tours are available daily at noon.● Free art-making activities are available for children each weekend from 11 am to 2 pm.● Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center, open daily from 10:30 am – 5 pm, and introduce your child to the museum’s collections with a variety of hands-on activities. Assemble (组装) puzzles based on masterpieces you’ll see in the galleries, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through stories and games at Curious Corner.● Check out the Lion’s Trial tour for children ages 5-10. This tour is 2especially designed for the young people in your group! Don’t miss it!Getting there:You can take the follow buses: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 14, 26, 28, 126, 143.21. In the Modern Wing visitors can see works of ____.A. Van Gogh. B. Picasso C. Monet D. Seurat22. Where can you go if you want to see European homes in the 17th?A. The Family Room. B. Of Gods and Glamour. C. Thorne Miniature Rooms. D. The Modern Wing.23. What can children do at Curious Corner?A. Hold a birthday party. B. Join the Lion’s Trail tour. C. Communicate with artists. D. Play with colorful blocks.BIt’s that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It’s not because there’re lots of criminals stealing cars. Rather, it’s because of good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year’s large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it with zucchini（西葫芦）.My sister, Sharon, recently had a good year of tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they begun to feel their skin turn slightly red. She decided to share her blessings. She called everyone she knew. When that failed, she began asking everyone in the neighborhood, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. “Feel free to take whatever you want,” Sharon told her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn’t go to waste.A few days later, the neighbor appeared in her house, holding a hot loaf of bread. She smiled,” I wanted to thank you for the tomatoes, and I have to admit I took a few other things too.”Sharon couldn’t think of anything else that had been worth harvesting and said so,” Oh, but you did,” the neighbor said. “You had some of the prettiest zucchini I’ve ever seen.”Sharon was confused. They hadn’t even planted any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted there were bright-green zucchini in her garden. Sharon decided to go to see where the zucchini had grown. The two of them walked t into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled,” Well, actually, those 3are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating.”The neighbor looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face. Then, smiling, she held out the bread she had shared all over the neighborhood. “I brought you a nice loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you will like it.”24. What does the underlined word “stuff” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Decorate. B. Swap. C. Fill. D. Exchange.25. What does the author mean by saying “they had begun to feel their skin turn slightly red” in Paragraph 2?A. They thought they ate too many tomatoes.B. They got sunburnt when picking tomatoes.C. They were ashamed that they wasted too many tomatoes.D. They felt embarrassed by not sharing tomatoes with their neighbors.26. How might the neighbor feel after knowing the truth?A. Annoyed. B. Astonished. C. Grateful. D. Embarrassed.27. From the text, we can infer that the neighbor____.A. liked eating bread made of cucumbers B. only picked tomatoes in Sharon’s gardenC. mistook big cucumbers for zucchini D. went to another neighbor’s garden mistakenlyCCats like climbing trees and there are logical reasons behind this behavior. Interestingly, due to some of their physical features, cats will meet trouble getting down from the trees after climbing up, which may seem unusual.There are several reasons why cats climb trees, mostly to do with defensive purposes. Cats, as predators（捕食者） , like to understand their environment well. As they are small animals, their scope of vision is considerably smaller. Cats often climb trees to get a better view of their surroundings to help them see any potential dangers.While cats are predators, they are also easy to get attacked from larger animals, such as dogs or even other cats. A tree often provides a safe hiding place. In the wild, cars climb up trees to give them a resting or napping place that is out of predators’ range. It also helps disguise their presence,.Some cats may climb trees for fun, on occasion, or possibly to work on improving their climbing abilities. Small cats frequently test out their claw skills by trying 4to climb up anything and everything, from bookcases to trees to a person’s leg. Climbing practice is good for cats; it can improve their strength and flexibility and teach them an important defensive skill. If a cat has gotten up a tree and cannot get down, the owner may wonder why its remarkable climbing abilities only work in one direction. A cat’s claws curve inward, allowing it to grip onto surfaces while going up head first. Unfortunately, this useful climbing curve does nothing to help the animal get back down again.Eventually, most trapped kitties will either jump out of the tree or realize that they can get down by going tail first. Either way, a cat up a tree is usually nothing to panic about unless it is injured or disabled; they are intelligent animals and will figure out how to get down sooner or later.28. Why do cats have trouble getting down from a tree?A. They are afraid of height. B. They are easy to get lost in a tree.C. They don’t know how to jump off a tree. D. Their climbing ability doesn’t help when climbing down.29.According to the text small cats like to climb a person’s leg to____.A. show love to the personB. test out their claw skillsC. avoid the attack from the dogD. get food from a person’s hand30. What should you do when you see a cat trapped in a tree? A. Just let it alone. B. Lead it down patiently. C. Teach it the right way to get down. D. Watch it closely until it comes down.31. What does this text mainly talk about?A. Why cats like to climb trees. B. Why cats can’t climb down a tree. C. How cats manage to climb down a tree.D. What owners do to help cats down a tree.DGone are the days when being a celebrity（名人） meant reaching the top of the social ladder. With the Internet as their springboard, people no longer need to be 5actors, sports stars or politicians to be celebrities.You may still remember the time when Furong Jiejie, or Fengjie, appeared online. All of a sudden they were the talk of the town because of their crazy clothes and abnormal values. And let’s not forget the 14-year-old South Korean boy who got famous by simply broadcasting himself having dinner every day.But when the word wanghong, or “Internet celebrity”, was named one of Yaowen Jiaozi magazine’s “popular cyber words” in 2015, its meaning had changed. Those who are popular in the world of wanghong are largely famous for their heavily Photoshopped selfies（自拍） and the special lifestyles they advertise on social media.The same thing is happening overseas as well. There are many women addicted to posting photos. This has led to the rise of “Instagram Husbands”, men who are willing–or most likely forced–to take photos of their wives or girlfriends for their Instagram accounts.But what wanghong offer their fans is much more than a bunch of pretty pictures. “There is a longing for the effortless way of life,” commented China Youth Daily.Though their lifestyle may seem “effortless”, some wanghong take great pains to run their Taobao stores, communicate with their fans and think of ways to keep their viewership, for example.Zhang Dayi, a famous wanghong with over 4 million followers on Sina Weibo, revealed some of her secrets for attracting fans. “Usually people look up to celebrities at a 45-degree angle. But I reduced that angle to 15 degrees, because no one likes to strain their necks too much,” she said. Her social media strategies include being more interactive with fans. “As soon as you let down your guard, people will start to approach,” she said.32.What is the author’s attitude toward Furong Jiejie?A. Negative. B. Concerned. C. Favorable. D. Doubtful.33.How do men get the name “Instagram Husbands” ?A. They take and share photos to attract fans on the net.B. They open Instagram accounts for their girlfriends.C. They show off their photography skills on the Internet. D. Their duty is to take pictures of their wives or girlfriends.34.What can we infer from Zhang Dayi’s words?A. Celebrities are hard to meet. B. Being a Internet celebrity is not easy. 6C. She has the most followers on the net. D. Being friendly is a way of attracting fans.35.What can be the best title of the text?A. The age of Internet is coming. B. Internet offers fast track to fame.C. Internet celebrities set examples for people. D. To become Internet celebrities, beauty isn’t a must.第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。5 Reasons Change Is Good for YouWe all know that change is hard because your brain is used to doing the same thing over and over again. 36 But the positive consequence is really great. Here are five reasons why change is good for you:37 Life in the comfort zone is easy. You simply follow a routine and you can predict the consequences. Outside of the comfort zone, your assumptions are challenged. The idea of doing the same thing over and over without question is discouraged.You get to experience more.38 When you look back on your life, all of the really amazing things are because of a new experience you had. All of those vacations you took and all of the people you have met have taught you more than you ever learned in school. These experiences now make up who you are today.You’ll be more flexible and adaptable.Without doubt, change makes your more flexible and adaptable. You learn to deal with things in a way that seems foreign but acceptable and achievable. 39 You begin to thrive(兴旺) in new situations because you have proven to yourself that you can, not only handle change, but FLOURISH.You have more fun.When you are open to change, you are open to saying YES to more. You are open to more experiences and opportunities. 40 When you add all of these things together, you are going to have a more colorful life and you’ll have a ton of fun figuring it all out along the way — there’s no doubt about it.A. You are pushed out of your comfort zone.B. Experience is waiting for you at the doorstep.7C. You have the opportunity to meet more people too.D. Whether the change is good or bad for you, it does happen.E. We also know how challenging it can be to go through change.F. Then, you’ll be more confident when in the next uncomfortable situation.G. Change is good because you have the chance to involve in new experiences. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分 45 分）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）The other evening we had a knock at the door. It was a 41 neighbor who introduced himself and his boys to us. He also invited us to a block party as a way to know the people in the 42 as well as celebrate the first anniversary of his two 43 sons coming to live with him.We’ve lived here for almost six years and no one has ever come to 44 themselves. I suppose we should have 45 it on to introduce ourselves to people moving in, but we haven’t. In my opinion, it took the initiative（首创）of a young 46 and his adopted sons to show me how I could 47 better attention to my own community. We have many local friends but I have to 48 that I haven’t usually been the one to develop the 49 in my own neighborhood.This 50 reminded me of one of my favorite quotes, “When I was a young man, I wanted to change the world. I found it was 51 to change the world, so I tried to change my nation. When I found I couldn’t change the nation, I began to 52 my town. I couldn’t change the town and as a(n) 53 man, I tried to change my 54 . Now, as an old man, I 55 the only thing I can change is myself, and 56 I realize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact（影响）on my family and 57 on our town. The impact could have changed the nation and I could indeed have changed the 58 .”For those of us who want to make a(n) 59 in the world, it’s important we remember what Bucky Fuller said, “Think globally, but act 60 .” For me, I’m going to make it a point to meet more of my neighbors—starting now.41. A. Familiar B. friendly C. new D. old42. A. town B. neighborhood C. company D. city43. A. Accepted B. Adopted C. Adapted D. appointed44. A. help B. treat C. Introduce D. enjoy45. A. put B. focused C. turned D. taken46. A. man B. student C. woman D. mother847. A. draw B. fix C. offer D. pay48. A. Forgive B. admit C. agree D. consider49. A. habit B. concern C. friendship D. business50. A. accident B. activity C. thought D. experience51. A. convenient B. Possible C. interesting D.difficult52. A. make out B. concentrate on C. get into D. refer to53. A. older B. younger C. smarter D. wiser54. A. student B. family C. friend D. mind55. A. realize B. forget C. recognize D. regret56. A. Suddenly B. happily C. actually D. luckily57. A. ever B. even C. only D. still58. A. Environment B. world C. village D. lifestyle59. A. decision B. adjustment C. difference D. discovery60. A. Carefully B. Selflessly C. immediately D. locally第Ⅱ卷第三部分 语法填空（共两节， 满分 45 分 ）第二节 英语知识运用（共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分）People usually think of fishing as a warm-weather pastime. But some fishers say the activity is best when it is 61 (freeze) outside. Those people are called ice fishermen. When it gets really cold, they are in their element. In parts of the northern United States and all over Canada, ice fishing is a big sport. People wait all year 62 lakes and rivers in their cities to freeze. They drive