广西灵川县2017高考英语一轮复习 完形与阅读训练（打包8套）.zip

1广西灵川县 2017高考英一轮语完形与阅读训练（一）(201*·湖南卷)People in communities have slowly been pushed apart through the years, mostly because people simply aren't taking the time to say a simple “hello”. After considering this phenomenon, I decided I was going to __36__ the way I was doing things.My __37__ came one morning when I was in the community library. I passed by a girl who __38__ her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way. However, when I had to __39__ because I stupidly forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished packing them up by herself. No one had stopped to __40__ her.“OK， ” I thought to myself, “this is where I should have changed.”My best opportunity came a few days later when I saw a man __41__ by himself waiting for the library to open, so I sat down next to him and began a __42__. It was difficult to get started, and even when I had to say goodbye, almost every __43__ from my new friend had a tone (语气) of doubt in it.And who could blame him?People aren't used to making an __44__ chat with a stranger. But a change, no matter how __45__ it is needed, doesn't just happen. It takes people like us to make it possible. I __46__ you to take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone's day a little brighter. Together, we can really make society come __47__ as a whole.36．A. change B．explain C．learn D．show37．A. trouble B．doubt C．wish D．opportunity38．A. took B．dropped C．got D．pulled 39．A. come out B．stand by C．go back D．turn up 240．A. please B．greet C．help D．praise 41．A. sitting B．walking C．riding D．running 42. A. discussion B．lesson C．report D．conversation 43. A. joke B．response C．cry D．story44．A. unchangeable B．unprepared C．unforgettable D．unfinished 45．A. desperately B．frequently C．simply D．widely46．A. allow B．warn C．order D．advise47．A. later B．straighter C．closer D．slower【全文大意】文章通过作者记叙自己在社区图书馆的经历，来劝告人们通过尝试与陌生人交流来增进彼此之间的关系，符合了当下“和谐社会”的大环境。【解析】36. A 考查动词。根据文义，作者在思考了社区内人与人之间距离逐渐疏远这一现象后，决定改变之前的行为。值得注意的是，后文即对作者的行为进行描述，第三段的最后一词即为 change，符合前后对应原则。【解析】37. D 考查名词。句意：一天早上，当我在社区图书馆的时候，我的……出现了。可以通过理解得出答案，但也可以简单地按照完形名词解题法寻找重复，第四段第三个词即为答案。【解析】38. B 考查动词。对应后文 pick up，可知小女孩之前是书掉落，选 dropped。【解析】39. C 考查短语。根据文义，作者后来发现没人帮助小女孩，说明作者必定重新返回原来的地方。【解析】40. C 考查动词。前文 someone else和后文的 no one对应，所以动作也应该对应，所以选 help。【解析】41. A 考查动词。后文 so是解题点，说明作者的动作也和一位男士的动作一致，3故选 sitting。【解析】42. D 考查名词。寻找重复后发现，第 44题后面一个词 chat即为本题答案，因此选 chat的同义词 conversation。【解析】43. B 考查名词。句意：我的新朋友的每个……中都显示出怀疑的语气。joke，cry 和 story在文中均未提及，直接排除，选 response。【解析】44. B 考查形容词。此题考查文章归纳总结能力。文章说：对于一个陌生人，人们并不习惯于进行……的交谈。此句是由前文作者对于陌生人的反应而总结出来的。前文作者对陌生人的交谈很不顺利，如何开始、如何结束都显得十分困难，因此本题应选择与“困难”相近的词。纵观备选项，unprepared(未准备好的，即兴的)较符合文义。【解析】45. A 考查副词。句意：和陌生人交谈的方式的改变无论是……的需要，它都不会发生。此题单纯从文义理解比较困难，建议用排除法。frequently, simply, widely 这 3个选项均不是文章讨论的内容，可以排除，剩下答案 desperately(十分，非常地)修饰这种需要的迫切程度。 【解析】46. D 考查动词。最后一段作者针对与陌生人疏远这种情况，建议人们努力改善，答案则容易得出。【解析】47. C 对应第一段的 apart，此处应选择相对应的反义词 closer。2016高考训练题----阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 Words Tike “thanks” and “please” have become pet phrases for NA Yuegang. As one of the voluntvrrs at this year's Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum(论坛),he assists more than 100 international representatives. But Na Yuegang in not alone. More than 600 volunteers from 13 universities in Beijing contribute to the APEC meeting. according to Beijing Daily.Students take advantage of opportunities to put their skills and interests to work at the forum, and in return they gain valuable work experience and connections. Na Yuegang is an international politics major at Beijing Language and Culture University, and he's a language enthusiast. In addition to 4English，he speaks both Thai and Cantonese. He uses his talents to help determine where representatives arefrom based on their accents. He even gets to use his language skills to communicate with staffers. Through communicating with delegates, he's developed a deeper understanding Of his college major.“Here，I learn the meeting's agenda(日程安排)，how the representatives work，and get a feel for the atmosphere of this international event.”he says.“This experience has made rne more curious about the relationship between China and other nations.”he says “I want to study these relationships, if possible”. Xu Han，21 ，an English major at Beijing University of Technology，is Approaching the conference f rom a different angle. Her job is to introduce representatives to China's technological innovations like 3D printing machines producedby technological company Tiertime. She is also in charge of showing off cultural relics and she does it all in English.Once， she did a lot of preparation for the process behind a carved lacquer ware(漆器制品)technique to meet a Thai representative's curiosity. In only four days, she read more than 100 pages of notes. She did her own research online as well. Through her own research she's gained the ability to speak about the subject with confidence. She’s constantly on the lookout for opportunities to grow.21、The main purpose of this text is to .A、 make a brief introduction of the APEC forum B、 praise the student volunteers at the APEC forumC、show the students' hardwork at the APEC forum D、 encourage students to take personal development opportunities22、From the text we can learn that Na Yuegang .A、 maiors in English laneuave B、can speak more than three languagesC、 helps many representatives with their daily work 5D、starts to take interest in international relationship23、Which of the following words can best describe XuHanA、 Deligent and skillful B、 Smart and creative C、 Honest and kind D、 Proud and talkative24、 What would be the best title?A、 APEC Forum B、 Students Work Hard At APEC MeetingC、 Stud ents Make a Hit at APEC Forum D、 Experience Curries from Practice参考答案 1---4、DBAC2015年高考试题专题 16 科普类说明文1.【2015·湖北卷】DThe oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,”Your inner ear thinks you’re falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can 6be annoying—that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days —truly terrible days for some —astronauts’ brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.63.What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?A. Deciding on a proper sleep positionB. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bagC. Seeking a way to fall asleep quicklyD. Finding a right time to go to sleep.64.The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _____.A. the y circle around on their bikesB. they use microcomputers without a stopC. they exercise in one place for a long timeD. they watch a movie while pedaling65.Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _____.A. their senses stop workingB. they have to stand up straightC. they float out of their seats unexpectedlyD. whether they are able to go back to the station66.One of the NASA’s major concerns about astronauts is _____.A. how much exercise they do on the stationB. how they can remain healthy for long in spaceC. whether they can recover after returning home7D. whether they are able to go back to the station64. C细节理解题。根据第三段中“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. …You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选 C项。65. D细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your inner ear thinks you’re failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying-that’s why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选 D项。66.B细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy…NASA is worried about two things :… and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness…”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选 B项。【考点定位】说明文阅读【名师点睛】科普类说明文历来是高考阅读理解命题的重点，文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节的认读和处理能力。考生应注意：1.平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。2.熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题（高考题中一般不给出标题） 、导语、背景、主体和结尾五部分构成。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这部分82016高考模拟题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。Most people are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.91. What is the hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.3. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New Inventions B. Left-handed PeopleC. Which Hand D. Different Brains, Different Hands 参考答案1—3、ABC 1广西灵川县 2017高考英一轮语完形与阅读训练（一）完形填空。These days everyone wants to “get rich” overnight. We all __1__ marrying someone from a wealthy family, making a lot of __2__， or winning the lottery (彩票). But do these things really make us happy? Many of the richest celebrities (名人) happen to be some of the most __3__ people. They buy expensive houses and clothes that they __4__ use. They may become __5__ and even become addicted to __6__. They have become so focused on money and material things that they forget about the people and activities they __7__.Now, more young people have the opportunity for a better education, and better chances of making a high __8__. These are great achievements，__9__ will they make you happy? In the US many young people believe that being rich and being happy are two __10__ things. When attending university, they often choose to study subjects that they are __11__ rather than subjects that will get them __12__ jobs. Instead of majoring in “business” or “management”， many American students today have majors like “theater” or “modern dance”. The __13__ is that making a lot of money doesn't mean that you will be satisfied with your __14__. Nowadays, young people are __15__ careers that they love doing rather than careers that pay well.I think that as being __16__ becomes more possible, we need to __17__ what the term “fortune” really means. Do we need to have money and material things to be fortunate? Or does __18__ just mean having what we need to be happy? __19__， what things make you happy? Be honest with yourself. It may take __20__ a rich spouse(配偶)or much money to make you happy! 拥有财富和拥有幸福本质上是有区别的。有些有钱人去购买永远不会去用的昂贵的房子、衣服，沉溺于吸毒，其实他们并不幸福。现在更多的年轻人选择了去接受良好的教育，从事自己乐意从事的职业，上大学、接受教育并不仅仅是为了有一份高薪的工作。1．A.think of B．dream ofC．care about D．insist on答案：B 根据上一句中的 wants和下文可知，这些想法都是“梦想” 。2．A.changes B．friendsC．efforts D．money答案：D 要快点富起来，当然要赚到一大笔钱。make a lot of money“赚大钱” 。23．A.unhappy B．happyC．lucky D．unlucky答案：A 从下文那些有钱人的做法可知他们中有些人不幸福。4．A.always B．reallyC．never D．personally答案：C 他们去购买永远不会去用的昂贵的房子、衣服。5．A.annoyed B．depressedC．satisfied D．injured答案：B 此空和下文 become addicted to. 是并列关系，因此选择 depressed“郁闷的，消沉的” 。6．A.work B．gamesC．adventures D．drugs答案：D become addicted to.常用来指“沉迷于”一些不良的嗜好。drug“毒品” 。7．A.love B．hateC．enjoy D．know答案：A 前面的先行词是 people and activities, 因此只能用 love, 而不能用 enjoy“喜欢” 。8．A.salary B．goalC．degree D．fame答案：A解析：本文主要讲对财富的追求，故选 A。句意：现在更多的年轻人有机会接受更好的教育，有机会赚到高额的“薪水”(salary)。这里和文章开头呼应。goal“目标” ；degree“程度” ；fame“名誉” 。9．A.so B．andC．but D．or答案：C 从上下文来看，这里是转折关系。10．A.difficult B．differentC．pleasant D．important答案：B 联系上下文可知，富有和幸福是不同的。11．A.used to B．familiar withC．related to D．interested in答案：D 根据 rather than和 get them ______ jobs 可知此处指选择他们感兴趣的专业。be used to sth.“习惯于” ；be related to“与……有关” ；be familiar with“熟悉” 。12．A.high­paying B．prize­winning3C．trouble­saving D．long­enjoying答案：A high­paying“报酬高的” 。13．A.point B．purposeC．result D．question答案：A point“要点” 。其他三个选项均不合题意。14．A.health B．futureC．life D．major答案：C 有钱并不意味着对“生活”感到满意。15．A.creating B．avoidingC．missing D．choosing答案：D choose career“择业” 。16．A.independent B．wealthyC．unselfish D．famous答案：B 由于致富已不是问题，我们有必要重新思考“富有”的真正含义。17．A.study B．understandC．rethink D．recall答案：C “重新思考”用 rethink, 其他选项不合文意。18．A.fortune B．careerC．success D. peace答案：A 这里作者以问句的形式提出了本文的观点：富有(fortune)是否就意味着拥有幸福所需要的东西。19．A.Even if B．If soC．Only if D．If only答案：B 这里承接上句，if so“如果这样的话” 。20．A.kind of B．nothing butC．as much as D．more than答案：D 真正的幸福不只是拥有一个有钱的配偶或有很多钱。nothing but“只不过，仅仅” 。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A,B,C或 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。4The term“multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises(大脑训练)involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss. In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex(前额叶脑皮层). Brain seans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex“moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed(拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you called when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to another thought or task, and then took that“moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency(效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time. Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes. We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names—even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our 5relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them. 1. Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking? A. To make them more productive. B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.C. To develop their communication skills. D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.2. According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who he has called? A. He may have his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.B. He is probably interrupted by another task.C. He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.D. He may need a rest between dialing and speaking.3. People tend to make mistakes when . A. they perform several challenging tasks at a timeB. new messages are processed one after anotherC. their relationships with others are affectedD. the tasks require little thought4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Multitasking has become a way of life.6B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.【参考答案】1--4 、ABAB 3.【2016·天津】CWhen John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five 7times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”46. What do we know about John?A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He received little love from his family.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB. an analysis of how work was related to competenceC. an example for parents’ expectations of their childrenD. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____.A. recording the boys’ effort in schoolB. evaluating the men’s mental healthC. comparing different sets of scoresD. measuring the men’s problem solving ability49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to reactB. Having a thin edgeC. Clear and definiteD. sudden and rapid850. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. competent adults know more about love than work.B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D. Independence is the key to one’s success.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过 John的例子结合一个研究发现说明童年时期帮助做一些家务的孩子长大后会更快乐，更成功。46.【答案】A47.【答案】D【解析】试题分析：根据第二段的句子 Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，可知，第二段Vaillant的话是解释为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人。故选 D。考点：考查推理判断。48.【答案】C【解析】试题分析：根据第三段的句子 The researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores，可知，Vaillant 的团队获得他们的发现是通过对比不同的得分。故选 C。考点：考查细节理解。49.【答案】C 50.【答案】B 9【解析】试题分析：根据最后一段的句子 One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how too love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work，可知，情感健康对于好的成年人生活是基本的。故选 B。考点：考查推理判断。【名师点睛】这篇文章内容和学生自己的生活密切相关，而且是通过调查研究的方式给出，更加有说服力，虽然是考试题，学生应该有兴趣阅读，文章篇幅适中。考查比较全面，除了理解细节题，还需要适当的推理，还有词义辨析类的题目，对学生能力考查比较全面。做词义辨析类的题目，要仔细阅读这个词所在的前后的句子，发现有没有关联的同义词，反义词或是这个词的定义，分析这篇阅读的 49题，要求判断 sharp的含义，这个词不是陌生的单词，高中教材上出现过，它的意思是“锋利的，尖锐的，敏捷的，聪明的” ，但是代入后，发现这些意思都不符合，而结合所在句子，特别是下文的 Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.可知和上文的观点是一致的，也就是这些人在孩子的时候做的事情和他们成人后是怎样的人之间的关联是令人惊讶地明显。答案也不难得出。