1、Unit 4 Grammar【课前导学】一、翻译短语1.请求帮助 2.选择-作为课外活动 3.交作业 4.推荐如此多有趣的书 5.如此短的时间 6.顺便问一下 二、根据句子意思，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.I am wondering where (ask) for help.2.Mr Wang will show us how (use) this machine.3.You should brush your teeth before (go) to bed.4.She has to (stay) at home and look after her little brother.
2、5.We must (clean) our classroom every day.【课堂学习】1.Free talk2. （一）“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的构成及用法。动词不定式（to do）可以和疑问词 what,which,who,whom,how,where,when 等(why)除外连用，构成不定 式短语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语的补语，状语，同位语等句子成分。a.“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作主语。Where _ _ is still a question. 到哪里去还是个问题。Choosing what _ _ is no longer as easy as it
3、once was. 选择吃什么,已经不像以前那么简单了。How _ _ _（处理）the problem is the most important to me. b. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。 I know where _ _ the boy. 我知道到哪里能找到这个男孩。c. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作表语。The question is how _(learn) English well.问题是怎样学好英语。 d. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式 ”作宾语补足语 I asked her how _ _ English. 我问她如何学英语。e. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式” 作状语 S
4、he did not know what _ _. 她不知如何是好。f. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作同位语 The question _ _ _ troubled the girl. 是否 要去的问题使姑娘很烦恼。I have no idea _ _ _ _. 我不知道拿哪个好。 （二）常与“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构连用的词。a. 经常用在某些动词后作宾语，类似的动词有：tell, sho w, know, learn, teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember 等。如： I will show you how _ _ it. 我要让你看看如何做这
5、件事。You had better find out where _ _ it. 你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。b. 某些动词后面可接“sb.疑问词不定式“构成的双宾语，这类动词常用的有 advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等。如：He will advise you what_ _. 他会建议你们做什么 。Will you show me how _ _ this machine? 你能示范教我如何使用这部机器吗？ c. 某些介词后面可接“疑问词不定式“作宾语，这类介词常用的有about, as, from, in, of, on, with 等。如：You have
6、 a number of topics from which _ _. 你有很多话题可以选择。d. 有些疑问词后面可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。如：what,which,whose,how many,how much 等。She wondered how much money _(花费)on clothes.e. 在“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如 sure,clear 等形容词。I am not sure which way_(take).（三）“特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构可以把复合句转为简单句。如： I do not know what I will do next. =
7、 I do not know _ _ _next.The doctor told him when he should take the medicine. = The doctor told him _ _ _ the medicine. “特殊疑问词动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。改写时在疑问词后加上适当的 主语，并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语。如： Li Ping does not know how to learn English well. = Li Ping does not know _ _ _learn English well. The question is
8、 where to go.=The question is where _ _ _. 3. Discuss and Work out the rules:（Group work）4. (1) must “必须”，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事。而 have to（has to）着重于客观需要，含有“不得不”的意思。比较下列句子：We must study English hard.我们必须努力学习英语。You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看医生。My brother was very ill, so I
9、_ call the doctor in the middle of the night. 2) have to 有人称时态的变化，而 must 只有一种形式。He has to look after his sister. I had to walk home because there was no bus then.3）用于否定句时，must 的否定式是 mustnt “决不可、禁止”，而 have to 的否定式（dont have to）是“不必”。两者在意义上有较大的差异。若要表示“不必”这个意思，还可用 neednt。如：You must water the flowers, b
10、ut you neednt do it at once. 你必须浇花，但不必马上浇。I dont have to (neednt) but a new bike. 我不必买新的自行车。You dont have to tell him about it. 你没有必要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他4.) must 还可表示“肯定、必定”等表猜测的意思，have to 则没有这种用法。如：She is not here. She must go away.她不在这里，肯定走了。The bananas are black. They
11、 must be bad. 香蕉发黑，肯定坏了。 否定形式的猜测一般多为“cant be”表示“不可能是”,不能用 mustnt beThey cant be here. I know they have gone abroad.【课后拓展】 一、改写同义句1. I cant decide when to do my homework.I cant decide _ _ _ _my homework.2. Sandy wants to know where she can ask for advice.Sandy wants to know _ _ _for advice.3. Millie
12、doesnt know how to solve her problem.Millie doesnt know _ _ _ _her problem.4. You should decide which you should do first.You should decide _ _ _first.5. I really dont know what to do with these books.I really dont know _ _ _ _ _ these books.二、选择( ) 1. Mum, may I watch TV now?No, you _ finish your h
13、omework first.A. mustnt B. must C. have to D. cant( )2. Must I finish that work today?No, you _. You may finish it in three days.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. hadnt to( )3. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We _ stay in our classroom.A. must B. should C. had to D. need( )4. I ca
14、nt stop playing computer games.For your health, Im afraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to( ) 5. What did the headteacher say at the meeting?He said, “We _ be proud of working hard. We mustnt be lazy.”A. must B. neednt C. may D. cant三、短文填空I think it is i_ for everyone to learn English well. Fi
15、rstly, if you can speak English, you can do b_ with foreigners and earn more money. Secondly, you can make more friends if you can speak English. That will bring you more h_. T_, you can get high scores in your English exams if you learn English well, which will please your parents and English teach
16、er. Fourthly, if you learn English well, you can go to study a_. Then youll be able to gain more k_ and learn about Western cultures and customs, and absorb the best of both W_ and Chinese education, which will be of benefit to you in the future. Finally, if you learn English well, you can get a b_ job and a higher salary. That means you can enjoy a better quality of life. From the above p_, you can see the importance of learning English. Therefore, work h_ at learning English.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8. _9. _10. _
