浙江省2018届高考英语二轮复习 语法填空提升练（打包16套）.zip

1语法填空提升练(一) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]1.(2017·浙江杭州七校联考)Over the last two generations in the UK and US,industrialization (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas. 2.(2017·浙江 “超级全能生”12 月联考)After her first ride as a “criminal”,Simms (decide) to swear off a life of crime.She joined the rest of the senior center people for a game of bingo. 3.(2017·北京改编)People (have) better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result. 4.As you go through this book,you (find) that each of the million s of people who lived through World WarⅡ had a different experience. 5.(2016·全国Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable. 6.How close parents are to their children (have) a strong influence on the development of the children’s characters. 7.Two years ago,our teacher (offer) us an answer to a difficult math problem in class. 8.My English teacher,as well as her students, (invite)to perform at the party last night. 9.Tom (work)in the library every night over the last three months. 10.—How much did you spend on the new mobile phone?—I (expect)it would cost me 500 dollars,but I was so lucky to get it at a 15 percent discount. [语篇强化练]A(2017·11 浙江)Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIt’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary.Like many things in life,it’s 1. ongoing process,and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,2. means you’ll just keep getting better and better.Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn’t think that a few 3. (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4. the rest of your life,and that’s also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily,and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 2One of the 5. (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.You need to 6. (real) read at least one good book a week,preferably a classic.This isn’t as hard as it 7. (sound),and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8. (read) an interesting piece of literature.Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9. (they) use unconsciously,meaning that you will tend to use the words 10. (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. 〚导学号 44994072〛B(2017·福建莆田 3 月质检)Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)wasn’t fully accepted outside of China for centuries.There was once a Chinese man in the US who was accused after he used 1.certain form of TCM treatment 2. (cure) his grandson’s disease. In the last 10 years or so,however,TCM 3. (get) more popular all over the world.A report 4. (publish) on Dec.6 says this style of healthcare,which 5. (include) different forms like herbal medicine and exercise,has spread to 183 countries and regions.For instance,in Lima,the capital of Peru,there are around 50 Chinese medicine clinics(诊所).Around 70 percent of 6.(they) were set up by local doctors.TCM has become popular 7. the people of Peru. Although TCM has been widely accepted,it still faces challenges.For example,there is trouble in being able to prove 8. (exact) what certain drugs are made up of,as well as being able to keep the effects the same every time. Some researchers have suggested TCM should be more exact and come together with Western Medicine.“Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM,rather than being in 9. (compete),is 10. the potential for great effects lies.” 〚导学号 44994073〛参考答案语法填空提升练(一) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]1.has slowed 根据时间状语“Over the last two generations”可知,本句时态要用现在完成时态,主语 industrialization 是抽象名词,谓语用单数,与谓语是主动关系。故填 has slowed。32.decided 考查动词的时态。根据下一句中的 joined 可知,前后时态应保持一致。3.have 句意:人们现在比过去享有更好的医疗服务,因此寿命更长了。由句子结构和句意可知,此句叙述的是现在的事情,故用动词的一般现在时。4.will find 本句中 as 引导的时间状语从句用了一般现在时表示将来,故主句需用一般将来时。5.is 考查主谓一致。Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 作主语,所以谓语用单数,此处表示客观情况,用一般现在时。6.has 从句 How close parents are to their children 作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。故填 has,have an influence on 为固定短语,意为“对……有影响”。句意:父母与孩子之间的亲密程度对孩子性格的形成有很大的影响。7.offered 由时间状语“Two years ago”可 知,应该用一般过去时。8.was invited 考 查时态及主谓一致。句意:昨天晚上我的英语老师和她的学生们被邀请来聚会表演。主语后有 as well as(以及)等构成的短语修饰时,谓语动词仍与短语前的主语保持一致。主语为单数,谓语动词也用单数形式;由时间状语 last night 可知,用一般过去时态。9.has been working 句意:在过去的三个月里,Tom 每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。由句中的时间状语 over the last three months 可知应用现在完成进行时。10.had expected 句意:——你买新手机花了多少钱?——我本来以为我会花 500 美元,但是我很幸运得到了 15%的折扣。根据句意可知“我以为”这件事发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。[语篇强化练]A【语篇导读】文章介绍积累和构建词汇的几个方法。1.an 考查冠词。由语境可知“和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程”,表示泛指用不定冠词,后面的词以元音音素开头,所以用 an。2.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 2 means you’ll.空白处所填的词指代逗号前的“there’s enough room for improvement”,which 在句中为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,并在句中作主语。 3.months 考查名词的单复数。month 为可数名词,且由 a few 可知 month 应用复数形式。4.for 考查介词。be enough for sth.“对……已足够”。5.effective 考查形容词。修饰名词作定语用副词形式,因此填 effective。6.really 考查副词。修饰动词 read 作状语,用副词 really。7.sounds 考查动词的时态。 句意为“这件事并不像听起来那么难”,描述的是一般事实,且主语为 it,因此用 sound 的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。8.reading 考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语 you 与动词 read 为主动关系,故用 reading 作状语;也可视为状语从句 while you are reading.的省略形式。 9.their 考查代词。use 在此处是名词,故用形容词性物主代词 their 作定语。句意为“另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法”。410.learned/learnt 考查非谓语动词。learned/learnt 作后置定语修饰 words,表示“已学过的词”,此外,learn 和其逻辑主语 words 是被动的关系,因此用过去分词。B【语篇导读】传统中医,一开始在国际上不被接受,而现在受到世界各国人们的欢迎。同时指出,传统中医 发展一路上所面临的挑战以及出路,应和西医结合,才能发挥更好的潜能和效果。1.a 考查冠词。a certain“某一种,某一个”,表示泛指。句意:为给孙子治病,一位生活在美国的中国人在使用传统的中医疗法后受到了指控。2.to cure 考查非谓语动词。作目的状语用动词不定式结构。3.has got 考查时态。根据时间状语 in the last 10 years or so 可知,用现在完成时。句意:在过去的十年左右,传统的中医疗法在全世界越来越受欢迎。4.published 考查非谓语动词。所给的词修饰 report,report 和 publish 之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词作定语表被动,修饰 report。句意:12 月 6 日发布的一份 报告介绍说这种包含了中草药以及康复锻炼等不同形式的医疗方式,已经流传到 183 个国家和地区。【点拨】提示词为动词,句中已有谓语动词“says”,空格处又不是并列谓语,考虑用非谓语动词,再根据所给动词“publish”与所修饰的词“report”的关系,可以轻松锁定答案。【举一反三】A report which 4 (publish) on Dec.6 says this style of healthcare,.has spread to 183 countries and regions. was published which 引导的是一个定语从句,which 代替的是先行词 a report,报告是被发布的,所以用被动语态,再结合后面的时间状语“on Dec.6”可以确定用一般过去时。5.includes 考查时态。在 which 引导的非限制性定语从句中作谓语动词,根据上下文,用一般现在时。【举一反三】A report.says this style of healthcare, 5 (include) different forms like herbal medicine and exercise,has spread to 183 countries and regions. including 作定语,包含的东西在后面,用 including。6.them 考查代词。介词“of”后作宾语用宾格。(这些诊所中)大约 70%是当地医生开办的。【举一反三】For instance,in Lima,the capital of Peru,there are around 50 Chinese medicine clinics(诊所),around 70 percent of were set up by local doc tors. which 两句话之间有逗号隔开,也就是说第二句话是一个定语从句,引导一个定语从句,代替上文所指物的先行词 clinics,作介词 of 的宾语,用关系代词 which。7.with/among 考查介词。be/become popular with 为固定搭配。意为“受……欢迎”。8.exactly 考查副词。修饰动词 prove 作状语,用副词形式 exactly,意为“确切地,准确地”。9.competition 考查名词。be in competition 意为“在竞争”。510.where 考查名词性从句。where 引导表语从句,where 在句中作地点状 语。语境为:中医应该与西医结合,而不是竞争,这才是更大发挥它们潜能和效果的所在。1语法填空提升练(七) 形容词和副词[考点巩固练]1.(2017·浙江杭州七校联考)Many in the UK believed that they had a much better chance of improving themselves in the city.It would be (easy) to move from the ranks of physical laborers to the middle classes if they could get better jobs and education. 2.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done,and the crowd of strangers (sudden) became friendly to one another. 3.This novel was once the (wide) read book in high schools in the United States. 4.As far as I am concerned,Jim is a very (rely)boy —if he promises to help us,he’ll do it. 5.What was so (impress)about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed. 6.It may not be a great suggestion.But before a (good)one is put forward,we’ll make do with it. 7.If we leave right away, (hope)we’ll arrive on time. 8.(2017·江西红色七校一联)He sat down and started (gentle) talking to the dog. 9.(2017·浙江 “超级全能生”12 月联考)Edie Simms is 102 years old and was recently “arrested”at her retirement home.She (total) was asking for it. 10.In what may be the (1) (happy) ride in the back of a police car in history,the woman had an unusual bucket list(遗愿清单) item she wanted to cross off—she had (2) been arrested. [语篇强化练]A(2017·浙江压轴)Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake.But no one judged that an earthquake was coming.1. (sudden),everything shook.It seemed as if the world was 2. an end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dams 3. (destroy).Railway tracks became useless bars.Pipes in mines burst and let out smelly steam.Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere. The next day,this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers.With the reporters 4. (give) an outline of the disaster,the whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victim’s extreme 5. (suffer).People were moved 6. they read that the 7. (survive) comforted each other by saying “Congratulations!You survived!”.So they not only expressed their sympathy 2sincerely,but also organized together 8. (help) the victims right away.The injured were rescued and the dead 9. (be) buried.The 10. (frighten) survivors were dug out from under the ruins and were offered shelter,fresh water and electricity.Thanks to people’s help,the loss was minimized. 〚导学号 44994084〛B(2017·山东沂蒙名校二联)One weekend in May 2015,over 48 centimeters of rain fell in Houston,the USA.Soon 1. whole city was flooded.The rising water rushed into the cars on the roads,2. (cause) 16 deaths. We 3. (witness) many extreme weather events over the past years,like hurricanes and floods,which cause huge losses each year.In 2011,the bad weather caused the world 4. (lose) 150 billion dollars. Why are there so many extreme weather events now?Is this natural,5. are we to blame? The answer seems to be:a little of both.Wild weather is natural,but most scientists agree human activity is also 6. (responsibility) for it.I t is believed that extreme climate events are 7. (close) connected with global warming.Global warming makes heat waves more likely to happen.The higher temperatures also make more water enter the air,8. in turn results in more rain.Some scientists believe global warming makes some storms stronger. We don’t have to just stand there.Scientists say we need to stop the earth from 9. (get) warmer.We also need to be 10. (prepare) to do things that will help save lives. 〚导学号 44994085〛参考答案语法填空提升练(七) 形容词和副词[考点巩固练]1.easier 根据前面的“Many in the UK believed that they had a much better chance of improving themselves in the city.”和后面的“they could get better jobs and education”可知,此处指更容易上升到中产阶级。故填 easier。2.suddenly 修饰谓语动词 became,作状语,要用副词形式,所以用 suddenly。3.most widely 这里表达的意思是:这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。34.reliable 前有系动词 is,所以用形容词形式作表语,构成系表结构。句意:据我所知,Jim是一个非常值得信赖的男孩——如果他答应帮助我们,他会做到的。根据“if he promises to help us,he’ll do it”可知他说到做到 ,是值得信赖的。5.impressive 和前面的系动词 was 构成系表结构,所以用形容词作表语。句意:关于贾思敏·韦斯特兰的胜利给人印象最深的就是她赤脚取得了马拉松的第一名。impressive“给人印象深刻的”。6.better 考查比较级。句意:这可能不是一个好建议。但是在提出更好的建议前,我们先勉强用这个吧。根据句意可知,此处指一个更好的建议,所以用比较级。7.hopefully 句意:如果我们立刻出发,我们有望按时到达。修饰整句话作状语,用副词形式,hopefully“有希望地”。8.gently 作动词 talking 的状语用副词形式。句意:他坐了下来开始温柔地和狗谈了起来。此处应用副词作状语,应为 gently。9.totally 语境为:这次被捕完全 是她自己要求的,修饰谓语动词作状语,用副词形式。10.(1)happiest 前有定冠词 the 修饰,后有 in history(有史以来),所以用最高级。句意:在有史以来坐在警车的后面可能是最幸福的一次乘车中,这位女士想划掉他遗愿清单上不寻常的一项:她从未被捕过。(2)never 由语境可知,此处表示她唯一未实现的愿望是她从未被捕过。所以用 never。[语篇强化练]A【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,作者回忆一次可怕的地震经历。地震给人们的生命和 财产造成了巨大的损害,但是人们团结一心,互帮互助,共同渡过难关。1.Suddenly 考查副词。句意:地震前,水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来但是却没人判断出地震即将来临。suddenly “立刻,马上”,在句中作状语。2.at 考查介词。句意:刹那间,一切都在摇晃,似乎整个世界就要结束。at an end 为固定搭配,意为“结束,终结”,at an end 在句中不能单独作谓语,要与 be 动词连用。3.were destroyed 考查被动语态。句意:数以百万的砖房和许多水坝遭到破坏。砖房和水坝是被破坏的,结合上下文语境,要用一般过去式的被动语态。4.giving 考查非谓语动词。句意:记者们描述了灾难的大概情况。此处考查 with 的复合结构,其构成为:with+宾语+宾语补足语,reporters 和 give 之间是主谓关系,因此用 give 的动词- ing形式作宾语补足语。5.suffering 考查名词。句意:全国都被地震的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。suffering为 suffer 的名词形式,意为“痛苦,苦难”,被形容词 extreme 修饰。6.when 考查连词。句意:当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜啊,你还活着。”来互相安慰时,都被感动了。7.survivors 考查名词。survivor 为动词 survive 的名词形式,根据语境可知,幸存者是很多人,故用名词的复数形式。8.to help 考查非谓语动词。句意:人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的 同情,而且还立刻组织起来帮助灾民。人们组织起来的目的是帮助灾民,to help 在句中作目的状语。49.were 考查主谓一致和时态。句意:伤员被救助了,死者被埋葬了。the dead 表示一类人,谓语动词要用复数形式,根据上下文语境可知,要用过去时态。10.frightened 考查形容词。句意:吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来了,栖身处、干净的水和电力也很快得到提供。frightened 为形容词,作定语,修饰名词 survivors。B【语篇导读】本文为说明文,题材为环境保护类。近年来全球各地灾害性天气频繁发生,给人类生命财产带来非常大的损失。1.the 考查冠词。the whole city 意为“整座城市”,在这里特指 Houston 这座城市。2.causing 考查非谓语动词。causing 16 deaths 是动词- ing 短语作状语,表示结果,分词动作与逻辑主语 the rising water 之间是主谓关系。句意:不断上涨的水冲进停靠在路边的汽车内,造成了 16 人死亡。【举一反三】(1)The rising water rushed into the cars on the roads,which 2 (cause) 16 deaths. (2)The rising water rushed into the cars on the roads,and 2 (cause) 16 deaths. (1)caused which 引导的是一个定语从句,在从句中空格处作谓语,和后面的 16 deaths,构成“S+V+O”结构,结合主句的时态,用一般过去时。(2)caused 由 and 可知,该处作 rushed 的并列谓语,所以用过去式。3.have witnessed “over+一段时间”作状语,句子常用现在完成时。4.to lose cause sb.to do sth.是习惯搭配,意思是“引起或使得某人做某事”。5.or 该句意思是“极端天气频发,是天灾还是人祸?”,故用连词 or 连接两个 并列分句。6.responsible 考查形容词。在系动词后作表语,用形容词形式。be responsible for 意思是“对……负责”。7.closely 考查副词。空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词,需用 close 的副词形式。此外,在这里修饰的是动词 connect,表示的是抽象的概念,意为“密切地”,所以用 closely。close 也可以用作副词,表示抽象的概念。8.which 考查定语从句。关系代词 which 指代前面整个主句,引导非限制性定语从句,并在句中作主语。9.getting stop sb.(from) doing sth.是习惯搭配,意为“阻止某人做某事” 。10.prepared be prepared to do sth.表示“准备做某事”。1语法填空提升练(三) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]1.(2016·浙江温州二外月考)That was the first time I (go) there and I was impressed by the friendly people very much. 2.St.Peter opened the suitcase to inspect the things before the man found too precious to leave behind and exclaimed (感叹),“You brought pavement?As you can see,the great street of the city of heaven (make) of pure gold!” 3.(2017·四川巴蜀中学一诊)For more than 50 years,travellers (use) the international driver’s license to travel in foreign countries. 4.(2017·山东青岛一模)The men said they (hear)a tiger growling(虎啸) somewhere nearby,but they didn’t know from which direction the noise had come. 5.(2017·山东泰安一模)Ten people were going from one village to another.On the way they had to cross a river.After crossing they (want) to be sure whether all were there. 6.(2017·山东烟台 3 月诊断)A school in Sarajevo not only accepted a deaf student,but also (teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better communicate with him. 7.(2017·山东下学期综合测试)Shortly after he borrowed this book,he (call) to London to continue his research. 8.(2017·全国Ⅲ)Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.Her father Peter,44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime. 9.After the fire,I would bake brownies and (1) (take) them down to the fire station with our daughter.We (2) (be) friends all these years.It has been quite a while since I have baked for them,and today was the perfect opportunity! As I walked into the firehouse,I (3) (greet) by a firefighter with the warmest smile. [语篇强化练]A(原创)In China,there are various means of transport for day-to-day living:subways,buses,cars,and even bikes.but taxis rank high on the list.Taxis are certainly the most convenient means of transport,as 1. requires little effort to raise your arm to call a cab.Besides,fares in China are 2.(afford).They start in daytime hours in the capital at RMB 13 yuan for 3. first 3 kilometers,after which you pay another RMB 2.3 yuan per 2kilometer.This is far 4. expensive than that in European capitals.In London,for example,two kilometers’ ride could cost you about RMB 63 yuan. Taxicabs as we know them today first 5. (appear) in China in the early 20th century,but 6. (be) the reserve(备用) of the rich and the powerful.Nowadays,7. (take) a cab is commonplace in China.Before coming to China,I 8. (warn) that there were awful drivers who would make long detours(绕行) 9. (get) higher fares.However,most taxi drivers I have met are nice.They know the city like the back of their hands,and are glad to be 10. some help.〚导学号 44994076〛B(2016·四川绵阳二诊)Many teachers believe that hands-on experience is the 1. (good) way to learn.A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test.They 2. (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexploded mines 3. the bottom of the sea.Students made the robot 4. (answer) a challenge from the U.S.Department of Defense. The students recently tested the underwater vehicle 5. (call) Perseus Ⅱ in a 95-meter-long tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology. The robot costs about $15,000 to build.The students use a video game controller to direct its 6. (move) in the tank.What’s more,devices know as Japters 7. (able) the robot to go up,down and toward its target in the water.Video cameras on the robot send images back to a computer through a 13-meter-long cable.Perseus Ⅱ also has 8. set of lasers(激光),which are used to measure the size of an object. The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students.For over six months,they worked up 9. 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ. DeLome supervised the project from the 10. (begin) to the end.He says the specialized requirements of robot were demanding. 〚导学号 44994077〛参考答案语法填空提升练(三) 时态和语态[考点巩固练]31.had gone 考查固定句型中的时态用法。句意:这是我第一次到那里,我对友好的人印象很深刻 。That is the first time+从句,从句的谓语是现在完成时,That was the first time+从句,从句的谓语是过去完成时,由此可知答案。2.is made 考查时态。路是由金子做的,所以用被动语态,这里叙述的是一个事实,所以用一般现在时。3.have used/have been using 句意:50 多年来,游客们一直使用国际驾照在外国旅游。根据时间状语 For more than 50 years 可知设空处需用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。4.had heard 句意:那个人说他们曾在附近某些地方听到过虎啸,但他们不知道虎啸到底来自哪个方向。设空处 hear 先于 said 发生,表示“过去的过去”,故设空处需用过去完成时。5.wanted 句意:10 个人正从一个村庄去另一个村庄。路上,他们必须过一条河。过河后他们想弄清是否所有人都到齐了。设空处介绍过去的事情 ,故用一般过去时。6.taught 句意:萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅招收一个耳聋的学生 ,而且还教班里所有的同学手语,目的是让他们更好地与耳聋的学生交流。accepted 与设空处并列,且设空处也表示过去的动作,故用一般过去时。7.was called 句意:他借了这本书后不久,他被叫到了伦敦继续他的研究。根据 borrowed 可推知设空处需用一般过去时,主语 he 与 call 为被动关系,故设空处需用一般过去时的被动语态。8.was told/has been told 此处 Sarah 已经是别人告诉她的了或者是已经被告知所以用过去时或现在完成时的被动语态,又因为主语为单数;所以用 was told/has been told。9.(1)take 此处考查动词时态。根据句中的 and,可知 would bake 与该空内容是并列的。(2)have been 此处考查动词时态。根据句中的 all these years 可知用现在完成时。(3)was greeted 此处考查动词的时态和语态。根据前面的 As I walked into the firehouse 可知是发生在过去,根据句中的 by 可知用被动语态。[语篇强化练]A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国出租车的情况。1.it 考查代词。此处的 it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的“to raise your arm to call a cab”。2.affordable 考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语。affordable 意为“负担得起的”,符合语境。3.the 考查冠词。序数词前需要用定冠词。4.less 考查比较级。根据空后的 than 可知,此处需要用比较级;根据下一句可知,此处表示便宜得多,所以用 less。5.appeared 考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“in the early 20th century”可知,应用一般过去时。6.were 考查时态和主谓一致。本句主语为 Taxicabs,根据时间状语“in the early 20th century”可知,应用一般过去时,故填 were。7.taking/to take 考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作主语,应该用动词- ing 形式或不定式。48.was warned/had been warned 考查时态和语态。I 与 warn 存在动宾关系,应用被动语态。时间状语为“Before coming to China”,空处可以用一般过去时的被动语态。此处也可以强调空处的动作发生在来中国这一动作之前,用过去完成时的被动语态。9.to get 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式表示目的。10.of 考查介词。“of+名词”相当于该名词所对应的形容词,即 of help 相当于 helpful。B【语篇导读】很多人认为实践操作经验是最好的学习方式。本文介绍了几位大学生设计并制造了一台机器人来对水下被称为柏修斯 2 号的机器进行检测的情况。1.best 考查形容词比较等级。句 意:很多老师认为,实践操作是最好的学习方式。根据句意,本句隐含比较意义,应用形容词最高级。故填 best。2.successfully 考查词性转换。句意:他们成功设计并制造了一台机器人,用来发现海底未被开采的矿井。设空处修饰谓语动词 designed,应用副词。故填 successfully。3.at 考查介词。句意见上一题解析。at the bottom of.“在……底部”,为固定短语。故填 at。4.to answer 考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们制造这台机器人来回应美国国防部的一个挑战。根据句意,设空处在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填 to answer。5.called 考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们最近测试了水下被称作柏修斯 2 号的机器,这台机器在史蒂文斯理工学院一个长 95 米的水箱中。分析句子结构及句意可知, (call) Perseus Ⅱ在句中作 the underwater vehicle 的后置定语,且 call 与 the underwater vehicle之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词。故填 called。 6.movements 考查词性转换及名词单复数。句意:学生们使用视频游戏控制器指挥其在水箱移动。设空前有形容词性物主代词 its,判断此处应为名词;movement 意为“移动”,为可数名词,根据句意,此处指不止一次的移动,故用复数形式。故填 movements。7.enable 考查词性转换。句意:另外,为人所知的阿普特设备使得机器人在水中能够上下并朝着目标移动。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语,且全文时态为一般现在时,故填enable。enable sb.to do sth.“能使某人做某事”。8.a 考查冠词。句意:柏修斯 2 号还有一组激光,被用来测量物体的尺寸。a set of.“一组……”,是常用短语。故填 a。9.to 考查介词。句意:在过去的六个多月中,为了设计和制造柏修斯 2 号他们每天工作高达20 个小时。up to“多达,高达”,为固定短语。故填 to。10.beginning 考查词性转换。句意:DeLome 从头至尾监督了这项工程。设空前为定冠词 the,因此应用名词,根据句意 应填 beginning,from the beginning to the end “从开始到最后”。