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1宁夏育才中学 2015~2016 学年第二学期高一年级月考试卷历史(试卷满分 100 分,考试时间为 90 分钟) 本试题分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共 100 分,考试时间90 分钟。考生作答时,将答案答在答题卡上,在本试题上答题无效。考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、市(县、区) 、考点名称、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上,认真核对条形码上的姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号,并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上,条形码不得撕下重新粘贴。2.选择题答案使用 2B 铅笔填涂,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案的标号;非选择题答案使用 0.5 毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔在答题卡规定区域内书写,字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请按照题号在答题卡各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答,在草稿纸、答题卡规定区域外、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁,不折叠,不破损。第 Ⅰ 卷 选 择 题 ( 共 60 分 )1.英国发动鸦片战争的主要目的是( )A、保护鸦片贸易 B、割占中国领土C、打开中国市场 D、争取外交礼仪平等2.圆明园首度遭到侵略者的野蛮洗劫发生在( )A.八国联军侵华战争期间 B.第二次鸦片战争期间 C.中日甲午战争期间 D.抗日战争期间3.李明在假期里观看了以下四部影视剧,按照所反映事件的先后顺序排列正确的是( )①《虎门销烟》 ②《鸦片战争》 ③《火烧圆明园》 ④《甲 午风云》A.①②③④ B.①③②④ C.④①③② D.①④②③4.中国半殖民地半封建社会最终形成的标志是下列哪个条约的签订( )A. 《南京条约》 B. 《北京条约》 C. 《马关条约》 D. 《辛丑条约》5.导致清政府在历次列强发动的侵略战争中失败的根本原因是( )A.中国的封建制度腐朽落后 B.中国军事技术和装备落后 C.参战将领贪生怕死 D.列强军事力量强大6. 有人说“辛亥革命胜利了” ,有人说“辛亥革命失败了” 。对辛亥革命正确的评价是( )①没有完成反帝反封任务,是彻底失败了②从没有改变中国社会性质和人民悲惨境遇来看,是失败了③给封建君主专制致命的一击,推翻了“洋人的朝廷” ,是完全的胜利④结束了中国两千多年的封建君主专制,建立起资产阶级共和国 ,是胜利了A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③ D.②④7.之所以说五四运动是中国新民主义革命的开端,主要是因为( )A.它发生在十月革命后 B.它的发生与第一次世界大战有关2C.运动中工人阶级登上了政治舞台 D.它促进了马克思主义的传播8.中央电视台组织青少年进行“红色之旅”活动,他们从江西出发,途经贵州、遵义等地,最终到达陕北。这一活动是为了纪念( )A.武昌起义 B.井冈山革命根据地的建立 C.红军长征 D.北伐战争9.揭开解放战争战略反攻序幕的事件是( )A、国民党大举进攻中原解放区 B、刘邓挺进大别山C、三大战役 D、渡江战役10.人类历史上第一次取得胜利的社会主义革命是( )A.巴黎公社革命 B.中国新民主主义革命C.俄国十月革命 D.中国社会主义改造基本完成11.我国的根本政治制度是( )A、一国两制 B、人民代表大会制 C、民族区域自治制 D、政治协商制度12.下图是“马歇尔计划”的海报,下列说法中对此反映不正确的是( )A.是美国“冷战”政策的组成部分 B.以军事援助为主要形式C.其目的是控制西欧国家 D.是为了美国自身利益13.世界政治格局多极化趋势的根源在于( )A、各国综合国力的强弱 B、强大的军事力量C、世界经济力量结构的多极化 D、发达的科技和教育14. 某藏家收藏的瓷器有邢窑白瓷长颈瓶、青花釉里红婴戏碗、粉彩开光花尊的真品。该收藏家生活的朝代应不早于( )A.唐朝 B.宋朝 C.明朝 D.清朝15. 以下是电视剧中西汉长安“市”的场景,其中不符合历史真实的是( )A. “市”的四面建有围墙 B. “市”门内外店铺林立C. “市”里有专职管理的官员 D.晚上“市”门紧闭16. 清朝后期“处处皆关,则关关有税” ;“如有打造双桅五百石以上桅式船只出海者,不论官兵民人,俱发边卫充军。 ”反映出当时的政策是( )A.禁止走私贩运 B.奉行大陆政策 C.重农抑商 D.保护生态资源317. 从商品需求 看,英国选定福建的厦门和福州作为首先开放的通商口岸之一,目的是获取畅销世界的( )A.丝绸 B.茶叶 C.瓷器 D.木材18. 1914~1920 年,中国生产的植物油、面粉等工业品的出口数量大幅度增加,同一时期进口货物的数量却大幅度减少。这主要是因为( )A.清政府放宽对民间设厂的限制 B.洋务运动的推动 C.第一次世界大战 D.中国民众的抵制日货运动19.1915 年在美国旧金山举行的巴拿马太平洋博览会上,中国产品共获得 1 211 项奖项,在全部 31 个参展国中独占鳌头,这也是中国参加的历届博览会中所获成绩最优秀的一次,中国产品在这次博览会上取得巨大成功的原因是( )①辛亥革命后及一战期间中国民族工业得到进一步发展 ②北洋军阀政府重视民族工业的发展③辛亥革命后中国的国际地位空前提高 ④北洋军阀政府重视开辟世界市场①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ①②③④20. “火柴大王”刘鸿生回忆说:“我在重庆办的中国毛纺织工业部、火柴原料厂及兰州办的毛纺厂,都有官僚资本的投资。我原来在上海是大老板,到重庆却成了大老板的伙计。 ”材料说明民族工业发展的另一障碍来自于( )A.地主阶级 B.外国资本 C.封建官府 D.官僚资本21. 1947 年,上海五家专门印制钞票的印刷厂一分钟能印制 1600 万元的纸币,日夜赶制仍不有满足需要。后来,国民政府只好发行 10 万元的大钞。这给民族工业带来的影响是( )A.提供了更多的民族资本 B.使民族工业得到恢复和发展C.减轻了官僚资本的压迫 D.使民族工业遭到了致命打击22.下图中四条曲线反映了我国 1840~1956 年四种经济成分的发展变化情况,其中 D曲线代表的是何种经济形式( ) A.自然经济 B.官僚资本主义经济C. 民族资本主义经济 D. 外国资本主义经济23. 《人民日报》连续报道“小麦亩产 12 万斤” “水稻亩产 3 万斤” “一颗白菜 500斤”的好消息。这一现象发生在( )A.1953 年 B.1958 年 C.1962 年 D.1979 年24. “凤阳地多不打粮,磙子一住就逃荒。只见凤阳女 出嫁,不见新娘进凤阳。 ”“1979 年凤阳全县粮食产量比 1978 年增长 49%,卖给国家粮食 4450 万千克。 ”出现4这种变化的原因是( )A.实行了家庭联产承包责任制 B.对农业的社会主义改造C.实行人民公社化运动 D. “大跃进”运动25.电视剧《当家的女人》中有这样一个情节:村长带人搜查各家各户私养的羊、兔,“割资本主义的尾巴” ,女主人公菊香说:“都说是上边政策已经放宽了,你们怎么还这样做呢?”该情节反映的历史时期大致处于( )A.20 世纪 50 年代初 B.农业合作化时期C. “文化大革命”初期 D.20 世纪 70 年代26.汽车、飞机的动力来自于第二次工业革命中发明的( )A.蒸汽机 B.电动机 C.发电机 D.内燃机27.一位生活在 19 世纪末的德国人介绍了他的生活情景,其中与史实不符的是( )A.汽车在马路上奔驰 B.他经常乘飞机外出旅游C.他的家安装了电灯 D.电话成为重要的通讯工具28.美国在 20 世纪 30 年代初公开销毁牛奶的现象说明( )A.美国经济高繁荣,产品过剩 B.资本主义生产与市场之间的矛盾尖锐C.国家垄断资本主义促进了生产的发展 D.美国正处在经济大危机的前奏29.面对大萧条,罗斯福总统于 1933年 3 月 4 日发表了“无所畏惧”的就职演说,领导美 国渡过大萧条时期。他给美国人应付危机的良方是( )A.自由资本主义经济政策 B.政府全面加强对经济干预政策C.控制货币发行量经济政策 D.发供给创造需求经济政策30.英国人称“从摇篮到坟墓都可得到保护” 。这指的是( )A.英国提供人民充分的自由 B.完善的社会福 利制度C.皇家军队为国民提供安全保障 D.大规模国有化政策实施31.第二次世界大战后,发达国家社会福利种类繁多,覆盖面广,低收入阶层受惠多。其积 极影响( )A. 缓和了社会矛盾,扩大了社会消费 B. 彻底解决了经济危机C. 克服了资本主义制度的弊端 D. 避免了私人资本生产的盲目性32.英国首相丘吉尔曾经说:“他接过的是一个扶木犁的穷国,他留下的是一个拥有核弹的 强国”这里的“他”指的是( ) 。A.列宁 B.斯大林 C.勃列日涅夫 D.赫鲁晓夫33.20 世纪六七十年代苏联改革失败的根本原因是( )A.西方国家的“和平演变” B.受斯大林体制的长期束缚C.违背实事求是的精神 D.违背了马克思主义的基本原理34. “布雷顿森 林体系”的建立说明( )A.欧洲经济开始复苏 B.英镑不再对世界经济发挥作用5C.美国取代英国成为世界金融中心 D.国际经济合作局面形成35.在经济全球化中,各国之间的距离被“拉近” ,世界变得越来越“小” 。这种感觉直接源 于( )①交通工具的变革 ②通讯技术的创新 ③垄断组织的形成 ④关贸总协定的创立A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④36. “冷战”结束后,世界正处于新旧格局交替的过渡时期,这个世界仍不太平。导致这一 局面的主要因素是( )A.世界力量对比的失衡 B.世界民族矛盾激化C.世界经济全球化的加速 D.世界经济区域化的加速37.下列关于百家争鸣的论述正确的是①百家是指一百个思想流派②其经济原因是井田制的瓦解③他们彼此对立攻击互不相融④ 是中国历史上第一次思想解放潮流A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④38.董仲舒的新儒学为汉武帝加强中央集权奠定了理论基础。其主要是因为董仲舒提出了( )A“春秋大一统”思想 B“罢拙百家,独尊儒术”C“君权神授” “天人感应” D“限民名田” “塞兼并之路”39.下列对宋明理学的叙述,不正确的是A.注重人的自然欲求,张扬个性B.凸显人性尊严,有利于塑造中华民族性格C.注重气节、品德D.强调人的社会责任感40.明清之际的进步思想家的主张,不包括( )A、个性自由 B、经世致用C、农工皆本 D、民主共和第 Ⅱ 卷 选 择 题 ( 共 40 分 )41、 (9 分)1984 年初,邓小平南下视察深圳等经济特区。他指出:“特区是个窗口,是技术的窗口,管理的窗口,知识的窗口,也是对外政策的窗口。 ”请回答:⑴结合所学知识,分析说明 20 世纪 80 年代初党中央决定建立经济特区的主要原因。(2 分)⑵当时中国建立经济特区的社会条件有哪些?(2 分)⑶深圳等第一批经济特区建立在哪两个省区?(2 分)为什么?(1 分)⑷第一批经济特区的创建成功有什么意义?(2 分)642. (12 分)“今日者拯斯人于涂炭,为万世开太平,此吾辈之任也。 “顾炎武中此成一代大学者,开一代新学风,其思想脉络清晰可见。阅读下列材料:材料一 教化者,朝廷之先务;廉耻者,士人之美节;……朝廷有教化,则士人有廉耻;士人有廉耻,则天下有风俗。——顾炎武《日知录·廉耻》材料二 夫子所以教人者,无非以立天下之人伦。……是故有人伦,然后有风俗;有风俗,然后有政事;有政事,然后有国家。——顾炎武《亭林文集·华阴王氏宗祠记》材料三 理学之名,自宁人始有之。……今之所谓理学,……不取之“五经”而但资(宋明)之语录,……又曰:“《论语》 ,圣人之语录也。 ”舍圣人之语录,而从事于后儒,此不谓不知本矣。——顾炎武《亭林文集·与施愚山书》请回答:(1)顾炎武以拯救时代为己任。结合所学知识,指出顾炎武该思想产生的政治背景。(2 分)(2)顾炎武以社会教化做为拯救时代的重要途径。依据材料一、二,指出天下昌明的社会表象,并概括社会教化的功能。 (5 分)(3)顾炎武以儒学作为社会教化的资源。依据材料三, 指出顾炎武对儒学进行了怎样的取舍?并说明其理由。 (3 分)(4)在中国历史上,顾炎武以怎样的学风和时代责任感响着时人及后世?(2 分)43.(15 分)近代世界史中,英国在政治变革与经济发展方面远远走在其他国家前列,由此成为现代化潮流的“领头羊” 。阅读下列材料:材料一 工业革命之所以首先发生在英国,主要是由于该国在……十七世纪时,政治结构……已经发展到适合于工业化的程度。———奇波拉《欧洲经济史》材料二 从 18 世纪 70-80 年代起,一直到 19 世纪 30 年代,……英国出现了这样一幅奇特的景象:保守主义的政治与快速发展的经济同学。——刘成等《英国:从称霸世界到回归欧洲》材料三 1796 年时,120 名下院议员是贵族或贵族子孙,占下院总人数的 21%,还有数百人与贵族有亲戚关系,或者是在贵族的赞助下当选的,二者加在一起,超过全院人数的 70%。———程汉大《文化传统与政治变革》7材料四 (英国)开始了产业革命,这一革命把经济力量的中心完全转移了。……1830 年的资产阶级,同前一世纪的资产阶级是大不相同的。仍然留在贵族手中并且被贵族用来抵制新工业资产阶级的野心的政治权力,已经同新的经济利益不能相容了。于是必须同贵族进行一次新的斗争。———恩格斯《社会主义从空想到科学的发展》英文版导言请回答:(1)依据材料一,结合所学知识,概括英国工业革命的原因。 (5 分)(2)材料二中“保守主义的政治”是如何建立的?依据材料三,结合所学知识,概括该时期保守主义政治的特征。 (4 分)(3)材料四中“一次新的斗争”指什么?依据材料四,概括这次斗争的原因。 (4 分)(4)综合上述材料。谈谈现代化各要素之间的关系。 (2 分)40.(4 分)材料一:1851 年英国在伦敦举办了博览会。恩格斯说:“不列颠的贸易达到了神话般的规模,英国在世界市场上的垄断地位显得比任何时候都更加巩固:新的冶炼厂和新的纺织厂大批出现,到处都是新建立的工业部门。 ”材料二:资本主义最典型的特点之一,就是工业的蓬勃发展,生产集中于愈来愈大企业的过程中进行得非常迅速。现代工业调查提供说明这一过程的最完备最确切的材料。例如法国……不到百分之 一的企业,竟占有总数四分之三以上的蒸汽动力和电力!——列宁语请回答:(1)据材料一、二指出 19 世纪推动资本主义经济发展的两次重大事件。 (2 分)(2)据所学知识说明在两次事件后殖民扩张在经济上的主要特点有何不同。 (2 分)8参考答案1——5:CBADA 6——10:DCCBC 11——15:BBCAD 16——20:BCBCD 21_25:DCBAD 26——30: DBDBB 31——35: ABBCA 36——40:ACAAD41、⑴克服计划经济体制的弊端,进一步发展生产力;打破封闭状态,以经济特区为窗口向西方学习先进生产技术和管理经验。 (2 分)⑵十一届三中全会把党的工作重心转移到经济建设上来;实行改革开放的伟大决策;20 世纪 70 年代以来,中国外交形势好转。 (2 分)⑶广东和福建。 (2 分)因为:靠近港澳台,地理位置优越,便于吸收技术资金和管理经验;华侨多,便于引进侨资。 (1 分)⑷为进一步扩大开放积累了经验;具有探索和示范的作用;有力地推动了我国改革开放和现代化建设的进程(或答“推动我国经济的发展” ) 。 (2 分)42.答案要点;(12)(1)政治背景:官僚腐败;政治暴虑(或朝政混乱) 。(2 分(2)表象:风俗。功能:提高士人修养;净化社会风气;安定政治秩序;确立伦理道德。(3)取舍:取孔孟之道,舍宋明礼学。理由:孔孟之道为儒学之根本。(4)学风:经世致用(或崇实质用) 。时代责任感:天下兴亡,匹夫有责。43.答案要点:(15 分)(1)原因:君主立宪制(或资产阶级代议制)提供的政治保证;资本的原始积累;圈地运动提供的自由劳动力;国内外市场的扩大;手工工场时期的生产技术进步。(2)建立:通过光荣革命(或《权利法案》 )而建立。特征: 议会取代王权成为国家权力中心;贵族控制议会;工业资产阶级未能充分参与政权。(3)新的斗争:1832 年议会改革运动原因:经济发展与政治之间出现了矛盾;工业资产阶级经济地位的提高;工业资产阶级参政愿望的增强。15、 (1)第一次工业革命和第二次工业革命(4 分) (2)第一次工业革命以商品输出为主;第 二次工业革命以资本输出为主。 (4 分)1宁夏育才中学 2015-2016-2 高一年级第二次月考数学试卷 (试卷满分 120 分,考试时间为 120 分钟) 命题人: 一.选择题(本题共 12 题,每个题目只有一个正确选项,每题 4 分,共 48 分) 。1. 终边有一点 ,则 =( )0(,2asinA. B. C. D.555522.已知 , ,则 tan(-)的值为( )3sin()2A. B. C. D.4344433.下列 向量组中能作为表示它们所在平面内所有向量的基底的是 ( )A. )0,(a )2,1(bB. )2,1(a )4,(bC. 53 6 D. 3 964.在四边形 ABCD 中, bA, C4, ba35,则四边形ABCD的形状是( )A.梯形 B.平行四边形 C.菱形 D.长方形5.下列命题正确的是( )A.若a· b= · c,则 b= c B.若 |||ba,则 · b=0 C.若 // , // ,则 a// D.若 与 是单位向量,则 a· =16函数 的图象( ))32sin(xyA.关于原点对称 B.关于点(- ,0)对称 6C.关于 y 轴对称 D.关于直线 x= 对称7.已知 ( )sin(3)2sin(),sinco则A. B. C. D.552-5或 158.图中的曲线对应的函数解析式是( )A. B.|sinxy|sinxyC. D.| |9.在三角形 ABC 中, |AB|=|BC|=4, AD 是BC 边上的高,则XYO- 2-230ACADC2( ) A.0 B.4 C.8 D.-410.如果函数 的图像关于点 中心对称,那么 的最小值cos2yx= 3+ 43, 0|为( )A. B. C. D. 11.已知64 2=(sinθ, ), = (1, ),其中 θ∈(π, ),则→ a 1+ cosθ → b 1- cosθ32一定有( )A. ∥ B. ⊥ C. 与 夹角为 45° D.| |=| |→ a → b → a → b → a → b → a → b12. 已知 , ,若 ,则△ABC 是直角三角Zk(,)(2,4)kA10B形的概率为 ( )A. B. C. D. 17273747二.填空题(本题共 4 道题,每题 4 分,共 16 分) 。13.已知平面内三点 ,则 x 的值为 (2,)1,3(,)AxBA满 足14.已知 则 .28cosin且 sinco15. 设 是两个单位向量,它们的夹角是 ,则 12e、 601212()(3)ee16.给出下列四个命题,则其中正确命题的序号为 (1)存在一个△ABC,使得 sinA+cosA=1(2)在△ABC 中,AB sinAsinB(3)函数 的图象关于点 ( ,0)对称;tanyx2(4)若 sinA=cosB,则△ABC 为直角三角形;(5)函数 )4si(xy在闭区间 ]2,[上是增函数三.解答题(本题共 6 道小题,共 56 分) 。17.(本小题满分 8 分)给出下列 6 种图像变换方法:3①图像上所有点的纵坐标不变,横坐标缩短到原来的 ;21②图像上所有点的纵坐标不变,横坐标伸长到原来的 2 倍;③图像向右平移 个单位; ④图像向左平移 个 单位;33⑤ 图像向右平移 个单位; ⑥图像向左平移 个单位。2(1)请在上述变换中依次选出若干个变换能将函数 y = sinx 的图像变换到函数 y = sin ( + )的图像.x3(2)用“五点法“作出 y = sin ( + )在一个周期的图像.2x318.(本小题满分 8 分)已知 是第三 象限角, )cos()sin()tan(tac)si()( 22f(Ⅰ)化简 ; (Ⅱ)若 ,求 的值;)(f 51)3cos(f19.(本小题满分 10 分)已知 (1,2)a, ),3(b,当 k为何值时,(1) k与垂直?(2) 与 平行? 平行时它们是同向还是反向?20.(本小题满分 10 分)已知 ,61)ba(2)3(,|b4,a上上(1) 求 的值及 的夹角 ; (2) 求 . 上上421. (本小题满 分 10 分)在 中 ,角 的对边分别为 , .ABC,()AB,abctn37C(1) 求 ;cos(2) 若 ,且 ,求 a、b.529a22.(本小题满分 10 分)已知 ,(sin),1(,)( )axbAB其 中 A0, , Rx的最大值是 3,函数 f(x)图象关于点 中心对称,且相邻两对称轴()fb (,1)2之间的距离为 2π.(1) 求 )(xf的解析式;(2) 求函数 f(x)的单调递增区间.(3) 设 g(x)=f(x)-a,且函数 g(x)在区间 ],[上有两个零点,求实数 a 的取值范围。5宁夏育才中学 2015-2016-2 高一年级第二次月考数学试卷答案 一. 选择题BADAB BAABA BC二.填空题13:7 14: 15: 16:(1)(2)( 3)(4)三解答题671宁夏育才中学 2015~2016 学年第二学期6 月月考物理试题(试卷满分 100 分,考试时间为 100 分钟) 命题人:答题说明:1.考生应把学校、考场、考号、姓名写在密封线以内,密封线以外的无效。2.请用钢笔、中型笔或圆珠笔把答案 写在答题卡的横线上。题 号 一 二 三 四 总 分 复 核 人分 数阅卷人一、选择题(1-13 是单选题,14-15 是多选题。)1.物体在运动过程中,克服重力做功 50J,则( )A.重力做功为 50JB.物体的重力势能一定增加 50JC.物体的重力势能一定减小 50JD.物体的重力势能一定是 50J2.从空中以 40 m/s 的初速度水平抛出一重为 10 N 的物体,物体在空中运动 3 s 落地.不计空气阻力,g 取 10 m/s2.当物体落地时,重力的瞬时功率为( )A.400 WB.300 WC.500 WD.700 W3.汽 车上坡的时候,司机必须换挡,其目的是 ( )A.减小速度,得到较大的牵引力B.增大速度,得到较小的牵引力C.减小速度,得到较小的牵引力D.增大速度,得到较大的牵引力4.下列关于重力势能的说法中正确的是( )①重力势能是物体和地球共同具有的,而不是物体单独具有的②在同一高度,将同一物体以 v0向不同方向抛出,落地时物体减少的重力势能一定相等③重力势能等于零的物体,不可能对别的物体做功④在地面上的物体,它的重力势能一定为零A.①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④5.如图所示为一个人造地球卫星沿椭圆轨道绕地球运动的轨迹,在卫星由近地点 a 运动到远地点 b 的过程中( )A.地球引力对卫星不做功 B.卫星运行的速率不变C.卫星的重力势能增加 D.卫星的动能增加6.如图小物块位于光滑的斜面上,斜面位于光滑的水平地面上,从地面上看,在小物块沿斜面下滑的过程中,斜面对小物块的作用力( )2A.垂直于接触面,做功为零B.垂直于接触面,做功不为零C.不垂直于接触面,做功为零D.不垂直于接触面,做功不为零7、如图,光滑的斜劈放在水平面上,斜面上用固定的竖直板挡住一个光滑球,当斜劈沿水平面向左匀加速运动(球与挡板间仍有弹力)的过程中,以下说法中正确的是( )A.小球的重力做负功B.斜面对球的弹力不做功C.挡板对球的弹力做正功D.小球受到的合力做正功8.汽车以恒定功率 P 由静止出发,沿平直路面行驶,最大速度为 v,则下列判断正确的是( )A.汽车先做匀加速运动,最后做匀速运动B.汽车先做加速度越来越大的加速运动,最后做匀速运动C.汽车先做加速度越来 越小的加速运动,最后做匀速运动D.汽车先做加速运动,再做减速运动,最后做匀速运动9.一个质量为 m 的小球做自由落体运动,那么,在前 t 秒内重力对它做功的平均功率 及在 t 秒末重力做功的瞬时功率 P 分别为( t 秒末小球未着地)( )P- A. = mg2t2, P= mg2t2P12B. = mg2t2, P= mg2t2PC. = mg2t, P= mg2tP12D. = mg2t, P=2 mg2tP10 一质量为 m 的物体,从倾角为 θ 的光滑斜面顶端由静止下滑,下滑时离地面的高度为 h,如图所示,当物体 滑到斜面底端时,重力的即时功率为( )A. mg B. mg sinθ2gh 2ghC. mg cosθ D. mg sin2θ2gh 2gh11. 铁路提速要解决许多具体的技术问题,其中提高机车牵引力功率是一个重要的问题.若匀速行驶时,列车所受阻力与速度的平方成正比,即 f= kv2,那么,当列车分别以 120 km/h 和 40 km/h 的速度在水平直轨道上匀速行驶时,机车的牵引力功率之比为( )A.3 :1 B.9 :1C.27 :1 D.81 :112.汽车在平直公路上以速度 v0匀速行驶,发动机功率为 P 快进入闹市区时,司机3减小了油门,使汽车的功率立即减小一半并保持该功率继续行驶.下面四个图象中,哪个图象正确表示了从司机减小油门开始,汽车的速度与时间的关系( )13.如图所示为汽车在水平路面上启动过程中的速度图象, Oa 为过原点的倾斜直线,ab 段表示以额定功率行驶时的加速阶段, bc 段是与 ab 段相切的水平直线,则下述说法正确的是( )A.0~ t1时间内汽车做匀加速运动且功率恒定B. t1~ t2时间内汽车牵引力逐渐增大C. t1~ t2时间内的平均速度为 (v1+ v2)12D.在全过程中 t1时刻的牵引力及其功率都是最大值, t2~ t3时间内牵引力最小14.(多选)如图所示,位于水平面上的物体在水平恒力 F1作用下做速度为 v1的匀速运动;若作用力变为斜向上的恒力 F2,物体做速度为 v2的匀速运动,且 F1与F2的功率相同.则可能有( )A. F2= F1, v1v2 B. F2= F1, v1F1, v1v2 D. F2F1, v1v215.(多选)如图所示,站在平板卡车上的人用水平力 F 推车,脚对车的静摩擦力向后为 Ff,则下列说法中正确的是( )A. 当车加速前进时, F 和 Ff对车做的功代数和为正值B.当车匀速前进时, F 和 Ff对车做的功代数和为零C.当车减速前进时, F 和 Ff对车做的功代数和为正值D.不管车如何运动, F 和 Ff对车做的功代数和均为零二、填空题16.如图所示,物体质量为 1 kg,斜向上的拉力 F=10 N,物体和水平面间的动摩擦因数 μ =0.5,物体在 F 的作用下由静止开始运动 10s,则在这 10s 内拉力 F 对物体做功为__________J.前 5s 内拉力的平均功率为_______W,10s 末拉力的功率为_______W,10s 内摩擦力的平均功率为_______W. ( g 取 10m/s2)417.如图所示,一子弹以水平速度射入放置在水平面上原来静止的木块,并留在木块中,在此过程中子弹钻入木块的深度为 d,木块的位移为 l,木块对子弹的作用力大小 为 F.则木块对子弹的作用力做的功为 ________,子弹对木块的作用力做的功为________.这对相互作用力做功的代数和是________.18.有一根轻绳拴了一个物体,如图所示,在悬点 O 以加速度 a 向下做减速运动时,重力做___功,拉力做___功,合力做___功。(填正或负)三、计算题(共 35 分)19.(7 分)如图所示,质量为 m 的小球,用一长为 l 的细线悬于 O 点,将悬线拉直成水平状态,并给小球一个向下的速度让小球向下运动, O 点正下方 D 处有一钉子,小球运动到 B 处时会以 D 为圆心做圆周运动,并经过 C 点,若已知OD= l,则小球由 A 点运动到 C 点的过程中,(1)重力势能减少了多少?23(2)重力做功为多少?20.(8 分)如图所示,在光滑水平面上,物体受两个相互垂直的大小分别为 F1=3N 和F2=4N 的恒力,其合力在水平方向上,从静止开始运动 10m,求:(1)F1和 F2分别对物体做的功是多少?代数和为多大?(2)F1和 F2合力为多大?合力做功是多少? 21.(12 分) 质量为 2 000 kg、额定功率为 80 kW 的汽车,在平直公路上行驶中的最大速度为 20 m/s.若汽车从静止开始做匀加速直线运动,加速度大小为 2 5m/s2,运动中的阻力不变.求:(1)汽车所受阻力的大小;(2)3 s 末汽车的瞬时功率;(3)汽车做匀加速运动的时间;(4)汽车在匀加速运动中牵引力所做的功.22. 如图所示,水平的传送带以速度 v 顺时针运转,两传动轮 M、 N 之间的距离为l=10 m,若在 M 轮的正上方,将一质量为 m=3 kg 的物体轻放在传送带上,已知物体与传送带之间的动摩擦因数 μ =0.3,在以下两种情况下物体由 M 处传送到 N 处的过程中,传送带对物体的摩擦力做了多少功?( g 取 10 m/s2)(1)传送带速度 v=6 m/s;(2)传送带速度 v=9 m/s.6宁夏育才中学 2015~2016 学年第二学期6 月月考物理试题答案一、选择题题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15答案 B B A A C B D C C B C C D BD BC二、填空题16. 2400J 120W 480W 60W17. - F(l+ d) Fl - Fd18. 正 负 负 三、计算题19、略20、 (1)W1= 18J W2=32J(2 )F 合= 5N W 合=50J21、 (1)4000N(2)48000W(3)10m/s(4)200000j22、 (1)(1)54 J (2)90 J1宁夏育才中学 2015~2016 学年第二学期高一月考(二)勤行学区英语试卷(试卷满分 120 分,考试时间为 120 分钟) 答题说明:1.考生应把学校、考场、考号、姓名写在密封线以内,密封线以外的无效。2.请用钢笔、中型笔或圆珠笔把答案写在答题卡的横线上。第一部分 听力 (共两节,每小题 1 分,满分 20 分) 请听下面 5 段对话,选出最佳选项。1 第一节听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where are the speakers? A. At a train station. B. In an airport. C. In a car.2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A movie. B. A book. C. An actor.3. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Help him with his homework.B. Go running in the park.C. Play football with him.4. What is the man’s favorite thing to do when it’s hot out? A. Having ice cream.B. Going to the beach. C. Drinking iced tea.5. Who did the bag belong to first? A. The man’s father. B. The woman. C. The man.第二节听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。6. What will the man do this afternoon? A. Plant flowers. B. Do his homework. C. Play football with John. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He was tired from playing with Tony. B. He’s too busy to help Mr. Smith. C. He’ll get paid for his work. 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 10 题。8. How long hasn’t the woman seen her mother? A. For two months. B. For three months. C. For four months.29. Where does the woman’s mother live? A. By the ocean. B. On a farm. C. Near a lake.10. What is the likely relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Parent and child. C. Brother and sister.听第 8 段材料,回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What is the woman doing wrong, according to the man? A. Her hands are often dirty.B. She always touches her face.C. She seldom washes her face.12. How old is the woman? A. She’s over 20. B. She’s 12 years old. C. She’s under 10.13. What does the man want the woman to learn? A. How to dress better.B. How to wash her hands well.C. How to have better manners.听第 9 段材料,回答第 14 至 16 题。14. Why did the master kiss a pig? A. To keep his promise.B. To show his courage.C. To amuse the students.15. Where did the master kiss a pig? A. In the classroom. B. In the playground. C. On the road in front of the school gate.16. What did the master want the students to do? A. Study harder.B. Protect the animals.C. Stop throwing garbage.听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What has the weather been like so far? A. Very rainy. B. Very cold. C. Very dry.18. When will the big storm arrive? A. Later today.B. After Tuesday. C. At the beginning of the summer.19. How long will the storm last? A. Three days at most.B. About a week.C. At least two weeks.20. What are people advised not to do? A. Go to the beaches.B. Stand under a tree.C Drive at a high speed.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节;满分 40 分)第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)3AAgatha Christie used to go out at night. She will never forget the night when she met a robber many years ago.That evening, she was invited to a birthday party which lasted till 2 o'clock in the morning. Without company, Agatha walked home along the quiet street. Suddenly from the shadow of a dark building, a tall man with a sharp knife in his right hand ran out at her. “Good morning, lady,” the man said in a low voice, “I don't think you wish to die here!”“What do you want?” Agatha asked.“Your earrings (耳环). Take them off!”Agatha suddenly had a bright idea. She tried to cover her necklace with the collar (衣领) of her overcoat while she used the other hand to take off both of her earrings, and then she quickly threw them on the ground.“Take them and let me go.” she said. The robber was uncertain. He saw that the girl didn't care for the earrings at all, only trying to protect the necklace. He realized the necklace would cost more, so he said, “Give me your necklace.”“Oh, sir. It's not worth much. Please let me keep it.”“Stop talking rubbish. Quick!”With shaky hands, Agatha took off her necklace. As soon as the robber disappeared, she picked up her earrings and ran as fast as she could to her home.The earrings cost 480 pounds and the necklace the robber had taken away cost only six pounds ten shillings (先令).21. Agatha will never forget the night because ________.A. she was robbed of her earringsB. she was robbed but she fooled the robberC. she had such a nice time at the partyD. it is dangerous for a girl to walk alone at night22. Why did she try to protect her necklace? ________.A. She didn’t want the robber to notice it.B. It was cheaper than the earrings.C. It was worth keeping.D. She would rather have it robbed.23. The story wants to tell us ________.A. Agatha was brave and cleverB. the robber was foolishC. a necklace is usually more expensive than earringsD. never stay too late at an evening partyBIt’s not Christmas Day yet. But wherever I go on the streets, I see shops selling Christmas trees and all kinds of beautiful decorations, waiters wearing Christmas hats; I hear children singing Christmas songs on 4broadcast; I get messages of Christmas’s best wishes from friends.I just got quite confused again, since when have Chinese begun celebrating Christmas Day? What do these people celebrate it for, the birth of Chris? But we all know that most of Chinese are not Christians, they don’t even know the origin of Christmas Day, and they celebrate it for no reason.I don’t celebrate Christmas Day or any other western holidays since I’m not a Christian and nor am I a westerner. I don’t know what Christmas really means. Anyway I can’t get reasonable answers from my friends. Some of them think they would like to just take this chance to enjoy themselves regardless of the meaning of the festival. Some of them think I’m an old-fashioned girl, a bigot who doesn’t appreciate the spirit of Chinese cultural tolerance(宽容) and understanding of other cultures. Well, if it is about cultural tolerance, why don’t we ever celebrate the month of Muharram, or festivals of colours in India, or Fiestas Patrias in Mexico?I really appreciate cultural exchanges and communications with all nations, but I don’t think this is what it’s about. People are celebrating more and more western festivals while ignoring our traditional ones.Is it part of globalization(全球化)? Do people in other non-western countries also celebrate Christmas?24. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer _________.A. is an old-fashioned girlB. doesn’t like festivals at allC. prefers western festivals to Chinese festivalsD. prefers Chinese festivals to western festivals25. According to the writer, many Chinese people celebrate Christmas _________.A. for no reasonB. for the birth of ChrisC. because most of them are ChristiansD. because they don’t like Chinese festivals26. The underlined word “bigot” in Paragraph 3 means ________.A. a very brave person B. a very stubborn personC. a very careful person D. a very popular person27. We can learn from the passage that _________.A. more and more Chinese people celebrate western festivals nowB. Chinese people pay enough attention to our own festivalsC. no Christmas celebration means one lacks cultural toleranceD. the writer doesn’t like cultural exchanges and communications with 5other countriesCThe biggest hamburger restaurant chain(连锁) in the world is McDonald’s. It started in 1955 with just one restaurant, but now has more than 20000 worldwide. There are more than 12000 McDonald’s restaurants only in the US. You can find them in 100 countries on six continents. There isn’t a McDonald’s in Antarctica, but I don’t suppose they eat hamburgers at the South Pole. When you eat at a McDonald’s restaurant you are joining the 35 million people who eat and drink at McDonald’s every day, and there are more than one million people who work there. McDonald’s has sold 100 billion hamburgers since it opened, and it sells more than 6.8 million pounds of French Fries every day.How do you like your hamburger restaurant? There are old McDonald’s ---- part of one restaurant in England is 600 years old. There are elegant(高雅的) McDonald’s ---- there is one on the Champs Elysees in Paris. There are cool McDonald’s ---- there is one in Hollywood. There are McDonald’s restaurants on ships and trains, in hospitals and zoos, in airports and in colleges.Clearly many people like the speed, hygiene(卫生) and cheapness of fast food restaurants. However, not everyone likes fast food. Some people question the nutritional value of the food; some people think the fast food causes too much waste and pollution. So the fast food business gives us plenty of food for thought, as well as convenient, affordable meals.28. There are ________ McDonald’s restaurants outside the US now.A. about 20000 B. about 8000C. about 12000 D. about 3200029. How many people does each McDonald’s employees serve on average every day? _______A. About 35 billion B. About 100 billionC. About 35 million D. About 600 million30. From the passage we can infer that ________.A. there are McDonald’s of different styles to meet different customersB. the writer encourage more people to eat hamburgersC. the writer thinks people should stop eating hamburgersD. hamburgers are of great nutritional value31. The underlined phrase“plenty of food for thought”in the last paragraph probably means ______.A. a lot of delicious food B. a lot of food you can affordC. a lot of things to think aboutD. a lot of convenient foodDThere are many people who say Thomas Edison invented the twentieth century. Although there are those who may disagree, yet Edison was one of 6the greatest inventors in America. Born in 1847 in Ohio, Thomas Edison attended school for only three months. After his teacher said that he could not learn, Edison’s mother decided to teach him at home. There he was allowed to study the subjects that most interested him. By age ten, Edison had built a science laboratory of his own. Edison got his first job at age twelve on the railway selling candy and newspapers. There he once saved a boy whose father was the boss of the railway station. In return the boss helped him a lot.In his late twenties, Edison built an “invention factory” where he and his business partners could devote all their time to inventing. After improving upon the telephone, Edison created the phonograph(留声机). Although Edison did not actually invent the light bulb, he did create an electric lighting system which led to its widespread use. Edison set up the first central electric power station in 1882, so New York became the first city in the world to have electric lights. This was the beginning of the modern world in which electricity became a way of life. The following year, one of Edison’s engineers discovered electrons(电子), which at last led to electronics. Without electronics, we might not have radio, TV, computers, or space travel. The rest of Edison’s life was spent making and improving inventions.Thomas Edison died at the age of eighty-four in 1931. Three days later, much of America dimmed(使暗淡 ) its lights in honor of the inventor—a man who had more impact (影响)on the development of present-day civilization than anyone else in history. 32. The passage tells us that ________.A. Edison didn’t like to study at schoolB. Edison invented the light bulb in his late twentiesC. even without electronics, we might have radio, TV, computers, or space travelD. New York was the first city in the world to have electric lights33. From the passage, we can infer that _________.A. Edison’s teacher thought Edison was not worth teachingB. Edison’s mother stopped Edison studying at schoolC. Edison didn’t invent many things in all his lifeD. Edison didn’t spend his life working on these inventions when he was old34. Why did many Americans dim their lights when Edison died? ________.A. Americans wanted to save more energy.B. Americans were used to dimming their lights.C. Americans dimmed their lights in memory of the great inventor.D. Americans were made to dim their lights.735. The best title for this passage is ________.A. Edison, a Poor ManB. Edison, a Great InventorC. Edison Died at 84D. Edison and His Childhood第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Summer is the season of family travel. 36 Here are our top 5 things to teach your children before entering big crowds:How Far They Can Go — 37 For young children, you should set a rule of always holding a parent’s hand. For older kids, you may be comfortable with a “I can always see you and you can always see me” rule.To Call Your Real Name — Teach your children that you will find them, so it’s best if they stay in one place. What’s more, teach them to call out your full name instead of “Mommy” or “Daddy” to help you more easily find them.How to Identify a “Safe Person” — Make sure your children know the best people to approach if they get separated from you. Employees working at the place you‘re visiting are generally always good, “safe people”. But what about places that may not have employees, like the beach? 38 Experts say that moms are often the most willing and best-equipped people to help kids. What to say — 39 Remember that if your children do get separated from you, they will likely be panicked (恐慌), so don’t assume that they will know how to tell strangers that they are lost. Role-play getting lost and using simple sentences like, “I am lost” with your kids to help them know what to do if it actually happens.Their Personal Information — Make sure your children know as much basic personal information as possible, including their full names, parents’ full names and telephone numbers and the address. 40 A. Teach your children to look for a mom with kids.B. Sometimes it’s not hard to find a safe person in such places.C. But do your kids know what to do if they get separated from you?D. If your kids are too young to remember them, write them down!E. It can be hard for people to help a lost child.F. Tell your children to behave normally when they get lost.G. It’s important to talk with your children about how close you expect them to stay to you.第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节;满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题,每小题 1 分;满分 20)8A“blogger” is a person who writes on an Internet website called a “blog”. The word “blog” is a 41 way of saying“web log”, or “personal website”. Anyone can start a 42 , and they can write about anything they like. There are millions of blogs on the internet today. They 43 news, information and ideas for people who read them. They contain 44 to other websites, and they provide a place for people to write their 45 and react to the ideas of others.A research company called Perseus has 46 more than 3,000 web logs. It says that blogs are most 47 with teenage girls. They use them to 48 their friends know what is happening in their lives. The study 49 says that more than 100,000 bloggers stopped taking part in the activity after a year. 50 , some people develop 51 blogs to present political and other ideas. 52 , the Republican and Democratic parties in the southern state of Kentucky recently started their own blogs. And America
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