2019版高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Working the land（课件+试题）（打包5套）新人教版必修4.zip

1Unit 2 Working the land1 课文与语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yuan Longping, one of China’s most famous scientists, has made great 1 (achieve) in agriculture both at home and abroad. In 1953 2 Yuan Longping graduated from college, hunger was a 3 (disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. To solve the problem, Yuan Longping 4 (struggle) to find a new way to increase rice harvests without 5 (expand) the area of the fields. Through many years’ hard work, Yuan Longping developed what 6 (call) “super hybrid rice” in 1973. He became the first agricultural pioneer in the world 7 (grow) rice that has a high output. He has also circulated his knowledge in some other countries. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world 8 hunger. Yuan Longping is satisfied with his life, 9 he would like to have more freedom to do his research. Although he is famous, he wants 10 (lead) a simple life and has a dream of exporting his rice so that it can be grown around the world. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 2 课文与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有 10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。2Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed themselves as a great way to stop crop disease and increased production. Recently, however, scientists have been found that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dagerous, to people’s healthy. With these discoveries, some farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming, that is simply farming with using any chemicals. There is many different organic farming methods. All of them have the same of goal:to grow good food and avoid damage the environment or people’s health. 3 话题知识与写作Ⅰ.根据提示翻译下列句子。1.中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活, 并一直受着饥饿的困扰。(lead a.life;be disturbed by)2.几十年来, 他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法, 但收效甚微。(decade;struggle;grain output)3.多亏了袁隆平的杂交水稻研究, 世界上 22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。(thanks to;hybrid;get rid of)4.大多数农民都很满意现在的生活, 宁愿待在农村当农民。(be satisfied with;would rather)Ⅱ.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。3答案精解精析1.课文与语法填空1.achievements 2.when 3.disturbing4.struggled 5.expanding 6.was called 7.to grow 8.of 9.but 10.to lead 2.课文与短文改错Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers ① become very common in ∧ℎ𝑎𝑠farming. Many farmers welcomed ② as a great way to stop crop disease and ③𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑚production. Recently, however, scientists have been④ that long-term use 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people’s ⑤ . With these discoveries, some farmers are beginning to turn to organic farming, ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑡ℎ𝑦ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑡ℎ⑥ is simply farming⑦ using any chemicals. There ⑧ many different organic 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑒farming methods. All of them have the same ⑨of goal:to grow good food and avoid ⑩the environment or people’s health. 𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔①由时间状语“Over the past half century”可知,应该用现在完成时。②此处 them指代前文的“chemical fertilizers”。③此处为不定式的并列,前面省掉了 to,故用动词原形。④此处为现在完成进行时“have been doing”。⑤people’s 为名词所有格,后用名词形式。⑥此处引导非限制性定语从句,that 不引导非限制性定语从句,所以用 which,指代前文的 organic farming。4⑦此处应该为否定意义。⑧there be 结构中 be动词的单复数取决于其后面的名词的数,而 methods为复数名词,故用 are。⑨same 同样的,为形容词,直接修饰名词。⑩avoid 后面接动词-ing 形式作宾语。3.话题知识与写作Ⅰ.1.Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. 2.For decades, they had struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output, but to little effect. 3.Thanks to Yuan Longping’s research on the hybrid rice, 22% of the world’s population have got rid of hunger. 4.Most of the farmers are now quite satisfied with their lives and would rather be farmers in the countryside.Ⅱ.[参考范文]Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. For decades, they had struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output, but to little effect. Thanks to Yuan Longping’s research on the hybrid rice, 22% of the world’s population have got rid of hunger. Most of the farmers are now quite satisfied with their lives and would rather be farmers in the countryside.1Unit 2 Working the landⅠ.阅读理解A(2017 福建泉州适应性考试)Experts predict nine billion people will live on our planet by 2050. They say by that time the demand for food will be two times what it is now. Officials are worried about that prediction because many people have already suffered from a lack of food. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry.A solution(解决办法)to the problem may be turning to our forests. A new report says forests can help reduce hunger and improve nutrition if they are properly managed.Bhaskar Vira is the director of the University of Cambridge Conservation Research Institute and an expert of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO). It recently released a report at the United Nations about forests and jungle food.Mr. Vira says crops that grow on trees can help feed people living in and around forests. He said,“It’s like an insurance policy. Having access to those tree-based food is hugely important when you can’t buy food from other sources or when your crops failed.”The report says that forest health and economic value will improve when people who live in or near forests are given greater control of them. For example, a project in Ghana aims for proper management of forests and fields. The people involved hope to grow 2the Allanblackia plant. The oil from its seeds can be used in soap, beauty products and food.Okai Michael Henchard leads the project. He says he will help people who live nearby. He says they will earn money and get trees on their land. The trees provide shade and improve the air quality. Mr. Henchard says the project also helps fight against climate change.1.What are officials worried about?A.Pollution and starvation.B.The large population and health.C.The great demand for food. D.The sharp decrease of forests.2.Which can solve the problem discussed in the text according to Mr. Vira?A.Better living conditions. B.Insurance policies.C.Tree-based food. D.More fields.3.What is the initial purpose of the project in Ghana?A.To manage forests and fields. B.To grow the Allanblackia plant.C.To produce more oil.D.To beautify the environment.4.What would be the best title for the text?A.A solution to controlling the population B.Forests can help feed the worldC.The importance of forest health D.The project in Ghana helps the nativesB(2017 湖南张家界模拟)Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients.But researchers say a combination of farming methods may help.3Researchers wonder how to increase production without necessarily clearing more land to grow additional crops.American researchers say that can happen with greater use of an agricultural system called perenniation.It mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants—those that return year after year.Soil scientist John Reganold says,“One of the major problems is that the soils are fairly poor in most of the regions.So how do you grow food on poor soils? There have to be food production systems that can build the soil and improve the yield.”Mr. Reganold says poor soil may have resulted from years of weathering that washed away many nutrients.He says some farmers may have done more harm than good.“They have been actually using farming practices where they’re not putting in organic matter.They’re not putting in fertilizers.They can’t afford those things.And it just runs the soil down. So they’re worsening the situation.”The scientist says the word perenniation defines three systems that are already used in Africa.The oldest of the three is called evergreen agriculture.This is where farmers plant trees with their crops.Farmers in Africa have been doing this for sixty years, but it seems to be growing in popularity.The method is gaining widespread use in countries such as Niger, Burkina Faso, Malawi and Zambia.The trees are planted among maize (玉米), millet or sorghum crops.They not only add nitrogen (氮) to the soil through their roots, but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down.At other times of the year, the trees can protect plants from strong sunlight.John Reganold says he knows of one woman who has had great success with perenniation.“She’s a grandmother in her fifties.Her name is Rhoda and she started using this system about twenty years ago.And her yields initially were about a ton of maize.Now with a good year she gets four tons per hectare, four times what she was getting.”5.The purpose of the passage is to . A.tell people how to increase productionB.introduce an agricultural system in AfricaC.introduce the oldest farming method in AfricaD.tell us how to prevent soil from being poor46.What does the underlined word “weathering” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Being exposed to wind and rain.B.Growing different crops.C.Being polluted severely.D.Being ploughed improperly.7.According to the passage, which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Perenniation mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants.B.Poor soil is the main problem in increasing food production.C.Farmers may be more to blame for the present situation.D.American researchers first invented perenniation.8.Why does John Reganold mention Rhoda?A.To show the method is very popular in Africa.B.Because she is an expert at farming production.C.To prove the farming method is effective.D.Because she produced more grains than anyone else in the country.Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned 1 farm,which looked almost abandoned. 2 (lucky),he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave).The cow was their only means of support,in fact.One day,the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away,she 6 (fall)over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living 7 the cow.In order to support his family,Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow,he started cutting down trees 8 (sell)the wood.Thinking about his children’s clothes,he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to 10 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 51. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Ⅲ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。I’m angry to see some schoolmates throw away food in the school canteen, which make me very concerned. As is we all know, there are still a lot of people who don’t have enough food to eat. Even many people are suffering from hungry every day. In addition, food is a kind of limiting resource. To save food can better preserve our resource and protect the environment.However, it’s high time that we should say no to those waste food and realize the importance of saving food. Don’t order too many next time! When you are eating, you should eat up all your food, try your best to reduce the waste. Let’s join our hands together to build a economical campus!67答案精解精析Ⅰ.阅读理解A[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。面对未来人口增加导致的食物需求量增大的问题,专家提出向森林要食物。1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知正确答案是 C 项。2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段 Mr. Vira 所说的话可知正确答案为 C 项。3.A 细节理解题。根据第五段 For example, a project in Ghana aims for proper management of forests and fields.可知正确答案是 A 项。4.B 主旨大意题。本文第一段先提出未来人口增加导致食物需求量增大的问题。从第二段开始提出向森林要食物。因此 B 选项为最佳答案。B[语篇解读] 在非洲,土地有限、地力贫瘠。如何有效地改善土地状况,提高农作物产量呢?本文介绍了一种能有效提高土地的肥力,促进生产的耕作方式。5.B 主旨大意题。由文章第一段及第二段第二句话可知,本文主要针对非洲土地营养成分不足、产量低这一问题,向我们介绍了一种新的农业系统。6.A 词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句可知,多年的风雨侵蚀,导致了土地中的营养大量流失。故选 A。7.D 细节理解题。由文章第六段第一句以及最后一句可知,这种系统早已经在非洲使用,所以这种系统并不是美国研究人员最先发明的。8.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知,John Reganold 提到 Rhoda 是为了证明这种种植方式是有效果的。Ⅱ.语法填空[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。本文讲述了主人公约翰逊的生活经历。虽然他意外地失去了以往用以谋生的奶牛,却在之后的生活中收获了更多,可谓“塞翁失马焉知非福”。1.a 考查冠词。本空后为单数名词 farm,且第一次提到,故填 a。2.Luckily 考查词性转换。本空修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,故填 Luckily。3.for 考查介词。exchange.for.用……交换……。84.was left 考查动词的时态和语态。谓语动词和主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,又因为动作发生在过去应用一般过去时,故填 was left。5.when 考查连词。此句中 when 意为“这时”。6.fell 考查动词的时态。此空前为主语 she,根据语境可知应用一般过去时,故填 fell。7.without 考查介词。根据上文可知约翰逊失去了他的奶牛,且此空后为 the cow,故用介词without。8.to sell 考查非谓语动词。根据“他开始砍伐树木以卖木材”可知应填 to sell。9.where 考查定语从句。先行词是表地点的名词 market,关系词在定语从句中作状语,故填 where。10.him 考查代词。根据句型 It occurred to sb.that.“某人想到……”及上下文中的人称使用情况可知答案。Ⅲ.短文改错I’m angry to see some schoolmates throw away food in the school canteen, which ①me very concerned. As ②is we all know, there are still a lot of people who don’t 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑠have enough food to eat. Even many people are suffering from ③ every day. In ℎ𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑟𝑦ℎ𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟 addition, food is a kind of ④ resource. To save food can better preserve our ⑤𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑑and protect the environment.𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑠⑥ , it’s high time that we should say no to those ⑦ 或 food and 𝐻𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 ∧𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔realize the importance of saving food. Don’t order too ⑧ next time! When you are 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑦𝑚𝑢𝑐ℎeating, you should eat up all your food, ⑨ your best to reduce the waste. Let’s 𝑡𝑟𝑦𝑡𝑟𝑦𝑖𝑛𝑔join our hands together to build ⑩ economical campus!𝑎𝑎𝑛①关系代词 which 指代前面的内容,故其谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式。②“众所周知”的两种表达为:As is known to us all 或 As we all know。③介词 from 后应该使用名词形式。④形容词“有限的”正确形式为 limited。⑤表示“资源”通常使用其复数形式。⑥上下文为因果关系。⑦这是典型的“一句双谓”错误,加关系词或把第二个动词改为非谓语动词。9⑧这里代指前面的 food,故应使用 much。⑨句中 food 后无连词,故使用非谓语动词作状语,主语 you 和 try 之间构成主动关系。⑩economical campus 前应该使用 an。1Unit 2 Working the land基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1. n.十年;十年期 2. adv. 因此;所以;因而 3. vt.遗憾;惋惜 n.遗憾;懊悔4. n.焦点;中心点 vt.集中;聚焦5. vt.减少;减缩 6. n.总结;摘要;概要 7. n.评论;议论 vi. 作出评论阅读词汇1.statistic n. 2.sunburnt adj. 3.struggle vi.欲望 vt.自主→ adj.自由的;免费的→ adv. 自由地;随意地 3. v.输出;出口→ v.输入;进口 4. n.生产;制造→ vt.生产;制造→ n.产品;产物→ adj.生产的;多产的→ n.生产者;制片人 5. n.发现;发觉→ vt.发现;发觉→ n.发现者 6. vt.装备→ n.设备(不可数) 7. vt.使迷惑;使为难 → adj.令人迷惑的→ adj.感到迷惑的→ n.困惑 二、高频短语 1. 幸亏;由于;因为 32. 使……摆脱或除去 3. 对……感到满意 4. 宁愿;宁可 5. 逐渐增强;建立;开发 6. 导致;造成(后果) 7. 集中(注意力、精力等)于 8. 富含……的 9. 使……免受(影响,伤害等);使……不含(有害物) 三、经典句型1. (如果是这样的话), what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing? 2.This special strain of rice (让……成为可能)to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields. 3.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests (是以前的两倍). 4.He (宁愿把时间花在)for his hobbies. 5.Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, (让它为……做好准备)crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. 基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)1.The price of that type of computer has been (减少) to 3000 yua n. 2.—How I (后悔) making the stupid mistake and wasting so much of our time! —Yes. I have suggested doing it another way, but in vain.3.These birds are rare and (因此) protected by law. 4.She is (奋斗) to support a family on a very low income. 5.The (焦点) of public health is prevention and protection rather than treatment. 6.He is thinking of (扩展) his business. 7. (幸亏)these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life. 48.To be mentally healthy, you need to (逐渐增强)good relationships with each other. 9.This kind of discussion will (导致)still greater differences between the two parties. 10.We should learn to ourselves (使……免受)love of money and be content with what we have. 11.We asked all our customers if they (对……感到满意)the service. 12.We cannot really learn anything until we ourselves (使……摆脱)being too proud. 13.If you are going to follow someone, (集中注意力于)their talents, not their bad characters or unacceptable behavior. (二)单句填空1.Women have gained the (free) to decide whether or not to marry. 2.Owing to the great ,a great number of children died.(hunger) 3.Madam Curie radium, and many scientists were surprised at her at that time. (discover) 4.Our school offers good and you will be well with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip) 5.The girl was by his words and she was at a loss what to do next.(confuse) 二、经典句型仿写1.他的梦想是奥运会将使得各个国家和人民和平共处。(make+it+形容词+不定式)His dream was that the Olympic Games would peacefully side by side. 2.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。(倍数表达法)The room that one. 3.有些人宁愿骑自行车而不愿坐公交。(would rather)Some people than take a bus. 54.另一方面,我将帮着建立英语角,提供给学生一个练习他们英语口语的平台。(现在分词短语作结果状语)On the other hand, I will help set up the English corner, . 答案精解精析基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1.decade 2.therefore 3.regret 4.focus 5.reduce 6.summary 7.comment阅读词汇1.数据;统计;统计数字;统计资料 2.晒黑的 3.斗争;拼搏;努力 4.特级的;超级的 5.产量;输出 6.庄稼;农作物;产量 7.引起烦恼的;令人不安的 8.使变大;伸展 9.循环;流传 10.战役;战斗;较量;斗争;搏斗;奋斗 11.谷物;粮食;颗粒 12.国籍 13.工作;职业;占领14.化学的;关于化学的 15.细菌 16.害虫;害兽;害鸟 17.营养;滋养;食物 18.矿物;矿石 19.土壤 20.根;根源 21.画底线标出;强调 22.浏览;略读拓展词汇1.hunger;hungry 2.freedom;free;freely 3.export;import4.production;produce;product;productive;producer 5.discovery;discover;discoverer 6.equip;equipment 7.confuse;confusing;confused;confusion二、高频短语61.thanks to 2.rid.of 3.be satisfied with 4.would rather 5.build up 6.lead to 7.focus on 8.be rich in 9.keep.free from/of三、经典句型1.If so 2.makes it possible 3.twice as large as before 4.would much rather keep time 5.making it ready for基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇拼写1.reduced 2.regret 3.therefore 4.struggling 5.focus 6.expanding7.Thanks to 8.build up 9.lead to 10.keep;free from/of11.were satisfied with 12.rid;of 13.focus on(二)单句填空 1.freedom 2.hunger;hungry 3.discovered;discovery4.equipment;equipped 5.confused;confusing二、经典句型仿写1.make it possible for countries and people to live2.is twice as big as 3.would rather ride bikes 4.providing students a platform to practice their oral English