1、高校贫困生的心理健康教育 高校贫困生的心理健康教育 Psychological Health Education of the Poor Undergraduate 【中文摘要】 贫困大学生也是建设社会主义事业的接班人,我国贫困人口的基数大,对贫困大学生的心理健康教育并不仅仅关系到其个人的成长成才,更关系到整个国民素质的提高。随着我国教育体制的改革,应试教育逐渐被素质教育所淘汰,教育多元化、多样化的新形势,为学生提供了多渠道的成才方式。改革开放的社会对复合型人才的呼唤使高校学子面对激烈的社会竞争和新的要求,更加主动地做出调整和适应,更加注重对自身全面素质的提高,意识到成才的条件,不仅仅需要他们
2、有强健的体魄,丰富的知识,更要有远大的理想,正确的价值观,坚强的意志,创新的能力,健全的人格和良好的社会适应能力。只有全面发展的人,才能适应时代的需要,赢得竞争的胜利,同时,更加关心自己的心理健康,认为心理健康是具备优良素质的基本要求。可是,对于那些从山沟里走出来的学生,每一步都是一个新起点,不良的心理状态是阻碍他们学习、生活、工作的最大障碍。是的,认识到一个人在心理健康上多一分弱点,就会对自己的成长和发展多一分阻碍和损失。因而,主动地使贫困的大学生接受心理健康教育越来越成为素质教育发展自身、完善自身的要求。贫困大学生的问题已经成为政府高度重视、社会普遍关注、家长揪心、学校担心、学生忧心的带有
3、普遍社会性的大问题,甚至影响了当前高校的发展与稳定。经济上的重负,往往导致心理上也承受着巨大的精神压力。贫困使大学生心灵深处自觉不自觉地产生了一种挫折感,从而导致了自卑、抑郁、焦虑、孤僻、人际关系敏感、自我封闭等一系列的心理问题和心理障碍,部分学生因此成为经济、身心的“双困生”,对他们的学习、生活、性格等诸多方面都造成了很大影响。高校在经济帮助的前提下,也要帮助大学生摆脱心理压力,要增加激励措施,坚持物质资助与精神扶贫有效结合的原则。在进行“缓、补、减、免、保”的同时不断加大“奖、勤”的力度,使贫困生在接受资助的同时培养自强自立的精神和回报社会的责任感。同时对贫困生进行正确的心理引导,给贫困生
4、以关爱,开拓他们自强不息的精神世界。贫困大学生的心理问题主要是家庭环境和他们特殊的生活经历所造成的。他们一般学习都很刻苦,但由于学习方法不对,显得呆板。我们在关注他们精神世界的同时,也要通过各种形式进行心理健康与挫折教育。开展丰富多彩的校园活动,为同学增进交往、接触社会、锻炼更多的能力提供更多的机会和舞台,有助于他们个性心理的发展。另外,要帮助贫困生确立合适目标。“态度决定一切帮助贫困大学生正确对待贫困,变消极为积极、变被动为主动,真正实现对贫困、挫折的理性超越。贫困学子在确立自己的期望水平时要注意从自己的智力状况和自己所能付出的努力程度为调整目标,最后将目标梯度化、体系化。应加强对贫困大学生
5、这个特殊群体的精神健康辅导工作,将其作为当前高校学生思想教育工作中的一个新的重点。加紧组织专门力量进行研究,探索形成针对性强、效果好的心理咨询工作方案。 【英文摘要】 The poor university students are also the successor of the socialist career. The poor population base figure in our country is big, so the psychological health education to poor university students is important to no
6、t only their personal growth but the improvement of the whole national quality. With the reform of the education system of our country, the exam-oriented education is replaceed by quality-oriented education gradually. Multi-mode of becoming person with ability is offered by education which is on div
7、ersification. Composite model talent is called by the reform andopening-up society., so that university students is faced with drastic social competition and new requirement. To become a useful person , university students pay more attention to the improvement of ones own overall quality which inclu
8、des not only strong physique, abundant knowledge but also long-range ideal, correct values view, strong will, the ability to create, wholesome personality and upatanding social adaptive capacity. Only the all-round developing person could meet the needs of the times, win the victory of competition.
9、They that pay more attention to their own psychological health , think the psychological health is the basic demand with fine quality.However, each one-step is new jumping-off point to those students coming from the poor country . So the ill psychological state is the greatest obstacle of hindering
10、their studying, living, working. Yes, realizing one weakness at one persons psychological health is one hinder and loss to ones own growth and development. Therefore, to make poor university students accept the psychological health education to become quality-oriented educational development and imp
11、rovement.Poor university students question has already become a big prevalent sociality problem which is paid close attention to by the government ,society, paterfamilias of students, university, poor students self . Development and stability of the present university have even influenced by the poo
12、r university students question . Economical heavy load often result in enormous spiritual pressure in psychologically. A kind of setback sense must been produced in soul deep of poor undergraduate by their difficulty. Thus a series of psychological problems and psychological obstacle that includes f
13、eeling self-humiliation, blues, anxiety, unsociability and self-denial is resulted in. Some students become poor students which both economy and mind are poor. The university should help poor university students to get rid of psychological pressure on the premise of financial help. Effective integra
14、te of material help and spiritual poverty alleviation principle should be insisted . The spirit that they would constantly strive to become stronger and become self-sustaining and the duty sense to return the society should be cultivated while they accept economic help from society. The correct psyc
15、hology guide and more attention and love should be bestowed to the poor student to open up the spirit that they should constantly strive to become stronger.Poor university students psychological problem is mainly caused by home environment and their special experience of life. They usually study ver
16、y diligently, but because of incorrect learning method ,their study looks stiff. We carry on psychological health and setback education through various forms while paying more attention to their inner world. We should develop rich and colorful campus campaign to offer more chances and stages that cl
17、assmates promote the contacts. In addition, we should help the poor student to establish the suitable goal. attitude determine all , help poor student adopt a correct attitude to poverty and change passivity to initiative and really realize the rational surpassing to the poverty and setback. Poor st
18、udents should think over their own intelligence state and diligent intensity that can been paid out to establishi expectation level and adjust the goal. So the goal can finally been ladderlike and systematism.The spiritual health direction work to the poor university students which is a special colo
19、ny in university should been strengthened and been as a new focal point in universitys students educational work at present. We should organize special strength to carry on researching this question , and form effectual psychological work scheme which has strong pertinence to the poor . university s
20、tudents. 【中文关键词】 贫困大学生; 心理健康; 教育 【英文关键词】 Poor university students; Psychological health; Education 【论文目录】 中文摘要 6-8 Abstract 8-9 一、引言 10-13 (一) 问题的提出 10 (二) 文献综述 10-12 (三) 研究的意义 12-13 二、贫困大学生心理健康教育的重要性 13-17 (一) 对贫困大学生的心理健康教育是社会发展时代进步的要求 15 (二) 对贫困大学生的心理健康教育是高校实施素质教育的要求 15-16 (三) 对贫困大学生的心理健康教育是使其成长成才
21、的要求 16-17 三、贫困大学生心理健康问题的特点及成因分析 17-32 (一) 贫困大学生心理健康问题的起源分析 17-20 (二) 贫困大学生心理问题产生的原因 20-23 (三) 贫困大学生的心理特点 23-30 (四) 贫困与心理特点之间的相关性 30-32 (五) 贫困生心理问题也存在差异性 32 四、贫困大学生心理问题具体救助措施 32-43 (一) 针对贫困大学生心理问题的特点展开具体救助 32-37 (二) 切实落实对家庭贫困学生的资助和扶持政策 37-39 (三) 高校成立专门的学生贷款部门 ,统一负责组织本校学生的贷款工作,充分发挥能动作用提高贫困生能力 39-40 (四) 加强对贫困大学生的人生观、价值观教育 40 (五) 鼓励贫困大学生积极实践,自尊自强 40-41 (六) 完善心理健康教育体制,鼓励学生进行心理咨询 41 (七) 建设和谐校园环境,维护贫困大学生的心理健康 41-43 结语 43-44 注释 44-46 主要参考文献 46-49 后记 49-50 论文作者在学期间发表的学术论文目录 50第 8 页 共 8 页
