1、Unit 3 Looking good，feeling good,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,达标检测,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,语法专题,基础自测,.重点单词,1. n.运动员 2. n.效果，作用；影响 3. vt.影响；(病毒)感染；打动，使感动 4. n.成就v.达到，完成 5. n.(在网上发布的)帖子,athlete,effect,affect,achievement,achieve,post,.重点短语,1. 受伤 2. (事情或时间)即将发生 3. 独自地 4. 保持健康 5. 副作用 6. (头发等)脱落 7. 冒险
2、,get hurt,come up,on ones own,keep healthy,side effect,fall out,take the risk,.重点句式,1.while的用法 Some sports are usually done indoors， others are done outdoors. 有些体育项目通常在室内进行，而另外一些却在室外进行。 2.the same (.) as.和一样() I just read your post and would like to tell you about my brother，who had problem your fri
3、end. 我刚看到你的帖子，我想告诉你的是，我弟弟和你朋友有着相同的问题。,while,the same,as,要点探究,Hmm，maybe I dont want to get hurt. 嗯，也许我不想受伤。,重点词汇,get hurt受伤 get changed 换衣服 get dressed穿上衣服 get married结婚 get lost迷路 get burnt被烧伤，被烫伤,(1)Im afraid you cant have time to get changed before the party. 在聚会前恐怕你没时间换衣服了。 (2)Hurry up！There is l
4、ittle time for you to get dressed. 快点！你几乎没有时间穿衣服了。 (3)If you in the new city，you can give me a call. 如果你在这个新城市里迷路了，可以给我打电话。,get lost,易混辨析 getv.-ed，bev.-ed getv.-ed着重表示动作，不可延续，因此不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 bev.-ed着重表示状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 (4)He when he heard the news. 听到这个消息，他很兴奋。 (5)The old couple for about twenty
5、 years. 这对老夫妇已经结婚二十多年了。,got excited,have been married,If you like sports that you can do on your own，then try dancing，shooting or aerobics. 如果你喜欢独自做的运动，那么你可以尝试跳舞、射击或者有氧健身运动。,on ones own单独地，独自地,易混辨析 on ones own，of ones own on ones own意为“单独，独自；无需帮忙地，靠自己”，常用作状语。 of ones own意为“属于某人自己的”，作后置定语，意思相当于ones o
6、wn，不过后者作前置定语。 选词填空 on ones own，of ones own (1)Do you have a room ? (2)I will try my best to finish the job .,of your own,on my own,However，they have side effects，which will damage your health. 但是，它们有副作用，这将会损害你的健康。,(1)effect n.效果，作用；影响 have an effect on/upon对有影响 come into effect实施，实行 take effect生效，实行
7、 in effect事实上 (2)effective adj.有效果的；起作用的,(1)The medicine will soon take effect. 这种药很快就会见效。 (2)The government should take some effective measures to reduce pollution. 政府应该采取一些有效的措施来减少污染。 (3)The two systems are， ，the same. 这两种制度实际上一模一样。,in effect,单项填空 (4)The new law has come into ；surely it will have
8、on industry of the country. A.effects；an effect B.effect；affect C.effect；an effect D.an effect；an effect,解析,答案,解析 come into effect与have an effect on均为固定短语。,After your friend taking this kind of pill for some time，his hair might fall out or he might have health problems，some of which may even affect
9、his liver or heart. 你朋友服用此类药物一段时间后，他的头发可能会脱落，或者他可能会有健康问题，有些问题甚至会影响他的肝脏或心脏。,fall out(头发、牙齿等)脱落；(士兵)离开队列，解散 fall out with sb. 与某人吵翻/争吵 fall behind落后；跟不上 fall over跌倒 fall off从上掉下来 fall into the habit of养成的习惯,(1)At the age of 50，his teeth began to fall out. 50岁的时候，他的牙齿开始脱落。 (2)If he walks too fast，he wi
10、ll fall over. 如果他走得太快，就会摔倒。 (3)Dont smoking. 别沾染上吸烟的坏习惯。,fall into the bad habit of,单项填空 (4)Hurry up！We still have 30 miles to cover before dark. OK.I will make every effort not to . A.fall for B.fall behind C.fall off D.fall down,解析,答案,解析 句意为：快点！天黑前我们还有30英里路要走呢。好的。我会尽力不掉队的。fall behind落后，跟不上，符合语境。,一
11、词多义 写出下列句子中加颜色词的汉语意思 (5)The climate affects the amount of the rainfall. _ (6)The disease affected his lungs. _ (7)His speech affected the audience deeply. _ 易混辨析 affect，effect 二者同为“影响”，但affect是及物动词，effect为名词。affecthave an effect on。,影响,感染,打动,affect vt.影响；(病毒)感染；打动，使感动,单项填空 (8)I dont think the snow w
12、ill our plan for a picnic. A.affect B.effect C.limit D.insist,解析,答案,解析 句意为：我认为这场雪不会影响我们的野餐计划。affect是动词，意为“影响”，符合句意。effect作“影响”解时是名词；limit限制；insist坚持。,Some athletes，whose achievements were great，died very young because they took this kind of pill. 一些取得过辉煌成绩的运动员因为服用这种药而英年早逝。,(1)achievement n.C成就；成绩；U达
13、到，完成 make achievements取得成就 a sense of achievement一种成就感 (2)achieve v.达到；完成；成功 achieve ones goal实现某人的目标,(1)He has made achievements as a musician. 他是一位颇有成就的音乐家。 (2)We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 当我们到达山顶的时候，有一种巨大的成就感。 (3)He will never if he doesnt work har
14、der. 如果他不更加努力工作，将会一事无成。 (4)Everybody should be given the chance to . 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。,achieve anything,achieve their goals,单项填空 (5)They felt a great sense of to see their childrens . A.achievement；achievement B.achievements；achievements C.achievement；achievements D.achievements；achievement,解析,答案,解析
15、 句意为：看到孩子们的成绩，他们有一种巨大的成就感。第一个空a great sense of achievement一种巨大的成就感，固定用法；第二个空所填之词意为“成就，成绩”，为可数名词，故用复数，所以选择C项。,I dont think your friend should take the risk. 我认为你的朋友不应当冒险。,(1)take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒的危险 at risk处于危险之中 at the risk of.冒的风险 (2)risk doing sth. 冒的危险,(1)I wondered if I was putting m
16、y life at risk. 我想知道我是否正在把自己的生命置于危险境地。 一句多译 (2)他受到了赞扬，因为他冒着生命危险扑灭了大火。 He was praised because he the big fire. (risk v.) He was praised because he _ the big fire.(risk n.) He was praised because he put out the big fire _ _.(risk n.),risked losing his life to put out,took/ran the risk of losing his li
17、fe to put out,at the risk of losing his,life,Some sports are usually done indoors，while others are done outdoors.有些体育项目通常在室内进行，而另外一些却在室外进行。,while conj.然而，但是,强调转折,表示对比。while的其他用法如下： (1)表示“在期间，当的时候”，引导时间状语从句，指一段时间，不能用来表示时间点。 (2)意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，多放于句首。 (3)while可作名词，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。如after a while“过了一会儿”，
18、once in a while“偶尔，间或”等。,经典句式,(1)While the discussion was still going on，George came in. 当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。 (2) ，the train stopped at a station. 过了一会儿，火车在一个站停了下来。 一词多义 写出下列句子中加颜色词的汉语意思 (3)The phone rang while I was cooking. _ (4)This shirt fits better while that one has a nicer designer. _ (5)I have b
19、een living here for quite a while. _,After a while,当的时候,而，然而,一段时间,单项填空 (6) teaching is often viewed as a hard and demanding(要求高的) job，some people are fond of it and consider it to be rewarding and worthy. (2018如东高级中学高一上期中) A.Because B.Until C.Once D.While,解析,答案,解析 because因为；until直到为止；once一旦；while尽管。
20、句意为：尽管教学常常被认为是一项艰巨而要求高的任务，但有些人喜欢它，认为它是值得的。根据句意可知选D。,I just read your post and would like to tell you about my brother，who had the same problem as your friend. 我刚看到你的帖子，我想告诉你的是，我弟弟和你朋友有着相同的问题。,本句是复合句，who引导定语从句修饰先行词my brother，as也引导定语从句。,易混辨析 the same (.)as.，the same (.)that. 先行词之前有the same作定语时，引导定语从句的
21、关系代词只能是as或that。 the same (.) as.意为“和一样，和相似”，定语从句中的as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。 the same (.) that.意为“和一样”，定语从句中的that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。,(1)This is the same pen as I lost last week. 这支钢笔同我上周丢失的那支一样。(不是同一支) (2)This is the same pen that I lost last week. 这就是我上周丢失的那支钢笔。(是同一支),单项填空 (3)I bought a new dictionary，which i
22、s dictionary I lost the day before yesterday. A.the same；that B.the same；as C.such；as D.such；that,解析,答案,解析 句意为：我买了一本新词典，这本词典和我前天丢的那本一样。the same.as.指相似性，而the same.that.指同一性。,达标检测,.词形变换 1.Children need a happy home environment for their (health) growth. 2.Its said that the measures they took were very
23、 (effect). 3.There are many who will work hard to (achievement) these goals. 4.He knew I was (energy) and would get things done. 5.What first (attractive) me to her was her sense of humour.,healthy,effective,achieve,energetic,attracted,.选词填空,get married，fall out，have a great effect on，take the risk
24、of，on ones own,6.He can do it . 7.What the teacher says and does sometimes a child than that of his parents. 8.They are to next month.,on his own,has a great effect on,get married,get married，fall out，have a great effect on，take the risk of，on ones own,9.My dads hair when he was only 30. 10.Mary cou
25、ldnt leaving her baby alone even for a short time.,fell out,take the risk of,.完成句子 11.虽然他爱他的学生，但是他对他们很严格。，he is very strict with them. 12.他提到一个笔友，那个笔友的名字我从来没有忘记。 He spoke of a pen friend， Ive never forgotten.,While/Although/Though he loves his students,the name of whom/whose name,13.我又一次来到了波士顿，我已经有十
26、年没有到这来了。 Once more I am in Boston， for ten years. 14.这咖啡和我们在史密斯夫人家喝的一样。 This coffee is we had at Mrs Smiths. 15.学生们不许迟到，是吗？ Students mustnt be late， ?,where I have not been,the same as,must they,.单项填空 16.Tom rescued the child at the of his own life. A.danger B.expense C.risk D.cost,解析,答案,解析 句意为：汤姆冒着
27、生命危险救了那个孩子。at the risk of冒着的危险，为固定短语。,17.All the patients by this kind of influenza are separated from the outside. A.caught B.infected C.affected D.addicted,解析,答案,解析 句意为：所有感染这种类型流感的病人都要与外界隔离起来了。affected by表示“被感染”，符合句意。catch后直接加疾病，常用catch cold；infect后接介词with，意为“染上某种病”；addicted后接介词to，表示“沉溺于”。,18.Scie
28、ntists believe the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health. A.at B.in C.on D.by,解析,答案,解析 句意为：科学家们认为大笑对身心健康有积极作用。 effect影响，效果，当表示“对产生影响”时，应使用介词on或upon。,19.What did Jack tell you just now? He told me that his hair continued after taking this kind of weight-loss medicine. A.working out B
29、.going out C.falling out D.giving out,解析,答案,解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：杰克刚才告诉你什么了？他告诉我服用这种减肥药后，他的头发继续脱落。work out解决，算出；go out出去，熄灭；fall out(头发、牙齿等)脱落；give out分发，用尽。故选C。,解析 考查连词辨析。句意为：好事不出门，坏事传千里。when当时候；as 因为；while然而；before在之前 。while然而，表示对比，故选C项。,20.Good news never goes beyond the gate， bad news spreads far and
30、 wide. A.when B.as C.while D.before,解析,答案,语法专题,语法感知,非限制性定语从名与反意疑问句,用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1.Bai Yansong， broadcasting style is appreciated(欣赏) by lots of Chinese people，is a famous host. 2.There are a total of 1,000 workers in this company，two thirds of are women. 3.Many teenagers like to stay at home， the
31、y can comfortably watch television or play computer games.,whose,whom,where,4.Last week，my brother paid a visit to the village he had once worked in for six years， he will never forget. 5.When Jordan was a child，he studied in a private school， was named after his grandfather.,that/which,which,which,
32、语法精析,.非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句是对所修饰的词做进一步说明，去掉从句之后剩余部分意义仍然完整，非限制性定语从句需用逗号与主句隔开。 Last week I passed the examination，which was important. 上周我通过了考试，那是很重要的考试。,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： 1.限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。 2.限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。 3.翻译限制性定语从句时，一般先译
33、从句，再译先行词“的”；翻译非限制性定语从句，一般先译先行词，再译从句，形成两个分句。,4.限制性定语从句的先行词一般是单个的名词或代词；非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是单个的名词或代词，也可以是句子的一部分或整个句子。 5.能引导限制性定语从句的关系词除that外，都能引导非限制性定语从句。 Tom sold his house，which made his father very angry. 汤姆卖掉了他的房子，这(件事)使他父亲很生气。 6.在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词： The professor has two sons，both of whom
34、 are teaching in the same university. 教授有两个儿子，他们在同一所大学教书。,温馨提示 as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别： (1)which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中时，as有“正如，就像”之意，而which则没有此意。 (2)as引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，用来代替主句所表达的意思，可以放在主句之前或之后。 As we all know，he studies very hard. 正如我们所知，他学习非常刻苦。 常用的这种类似的插入语句式有：as is said above，as is already ment
35、ioned above等。,.反意疑问句 反意疑问句是一种常用于口语的疑问句，这种问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是附加的简短问句，中间用逗号隔开，因此问句部分又称附加疑问句。如果陈述句是肯定句式，附加疑问句则用否定句式；如果陈述句是否定句式，附加疑问句则用肯定句式。附加疑问句一般由“be动词/助动词/情态动词代词”构成。 They didnt clean the classroom yesterday，did they? 他们昨天没有打扫教室，是吗？,如何把握反意疑问句的“多样性”？ 一、主语的变化 1.陈述部分的主语是表示物的everything，nothing，somethi
36、ng，anything，that，this等时，疑问部分的主语用it。 Everything is ready，isnt it? 一切就绪，对不对？ 2.陈述部分的主语是these或those时，疑问部分的主语用they。 These are very useful tools，arent they? 这些工具很有用，不是吗？,3.陈述部分的主语是表示人的不定代词everyone，everybody，anyone，someone，somebody，no one，nobody等时，疑问部分的主语侧重全部时可用they，侧重个体时，也可用he。 No one knows the answer，do
37、 they/does he? 没人知道答案，对吗？ 4.陈述部分的主语是一个短语或从句时，疑问部分的主语用it。 Doing morning exercise is good for ones health，isnt it? 晨练对身体健康有益，不是吗？,5.陈述部分是表示“存在”的there be句型时，其疑问部分必须再现there，但不可说there是句子真正的主语。 There was a lot of snow here last year，wasnt there? 这儿去年下了很多雪，不是吗？,二、谓语的变化 1.陈述部分谓语动词含有used to，疑问部分谓语可用didnt或use
38、dnt。 Grandpa used to get up early，didnt/usednt he? 爷爷过去起得很早，不是吗？ 2.陈述部分谓语动词含有ought to，疑问部分谓语可用oughtnt或shouldnt。 He ought to know when to start out，oughtnt/shouldnt he？ 他应该知道何时出发，对不对？,3.陈述部分谓语动词含有must，疑问部分谓语要根据实际情况而定。 (1)如果must作“一定，必须”讲，疑问部分谓语可用neednt或mustnt。 She must leave for Shanghai tomorrow，need
39、nt/mustnt she？ 她明天一定去上海，对不对？/她明天必须到上海去，不是吗？ (2)如果must表示推测，疑问部分谓语要根据must后的动词或具体的时间状语来决定。 Mum must be cooking now，isnt she? 妈妈现在一定正在做饭，不是吗？,三、几种特殊形式的变化 1.陈述部分是感叹句时，疑问部分通常用否定形式。 What a good boy，isnt he? 多好的一个男孩啊，不是吗？ 2.陈述部分是祈使句且为肯定表达时，疑问部分用will/wont you；为否定表达时，疑问部分用will you。 Be a strong man，will/wont y
40、ou? 坚强些，好不好？,3.陈述部分是由lets引起的祈使句时，疑问部分常用shall we；由lets not引起的祈使句时，疑问部分常用all right；由let us引起的祈使句时，疑问部分常用will you。 Lets find ourselves and be ourselves，shall we? 让我们发现自我，展现自我，好吗？ 4.陈述部分含有表示否定意义的too.to.结构时，疑问部分要用肯定形式。 The old lady was too moved to speak，was she? 那位老太太感动得说不出话来，是吗？,5.陈述部分的谓语动词是由否定前缀或否定后缀构
41、成的词，疑问部分仍然用否定形式。 He dislikes watching TV，doesnt he? 他讨厌看电视，不是吗？ 6.陈述部分含有no，nothing，nobody，never，few，seldom，hardly，little，neither，nor等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。 Few people knew the theory nowadays，did they? 现在很少有人知道这个理论，对吗？,高考链接,1.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none
42、 of has been proved.(2016浙江，11) A.whom B.which C.what D.that,解析,答案,解析 句意为：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，其中没有一个得到证实。分析句子成分可知，逗号后是“代词ofwhich/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词many theories，指物，故应用 which。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,2.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， the weather may be better.(2016天津，9) A
43、.that B.where C.which D.when,解析,答案,解析 句意为：我们将把去公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好些。先行词是next week，定语从句中缺少时间状语。故选D。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,3.China Today attracts a worldwide readership， shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015福建，34) A.who B.whom C.that D.which,解析,答案,解析 句意为：
44、今日中国吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用which来引导。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,4.The number of smokers， is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江苏，21) A.it B.which C.what D.as,解析,答案,解析 句意为：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，符合句意，故选D项。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,5.Until now，w
45、e have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，_ is quite unexpected.(2014四川，4) A.that B.which C.who D.it,解析,答案,解析 句意为：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子募捐到了50 000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。此题中which指代整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,6.I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade， I went up to rescue
46、 a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.(2014浙江，5) A.when B.where C.which D.why,解析,答案,解析 句意为：直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人，当时我爬上树取下了一个卡在树枝上的风筝。when引导的非限制性定语从句是对先行词the fifth grade的进一步说明，when在从句中作时间状语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,7.I spent two weeks in London last summer. Then you must have visited the British
47、Museum during your stay，_ you？(2014重庆，10) A.mustnt B.havent C.didnt D.hadnt,解析,答案,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,解析 答句句意为：那你在伦敦逗留期间肯定去看过大英博物馆，对吗？must have done在句中表示对过去事实的推测，当句末有反意疑问的语气时，可分为两种情况： (1)句中没有明确的过去时间状语时，反意疑问句结构为“havent/ hasnt.？”； (2)句中有明确的过去时间状语时，结构为“didnt.？”。题中last summer表示的是一个确定的过去时间，故C项正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,8.“You cant judge a book by its cover，” . (2013新课标全国，33) A.as the saying goes old B.goes as the old saying C.as the old saying goes D.goes as old the saying,
