1、Module 3 My First Ride on a Train,单元语法过去分词作定语和用于一般过去时的时间状语,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,单元写作Writing about ones experiences,单元语法 过去分词作定语和用于一般过去时的时间状语,.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.We ate great meals (cook) by experts! 2.We saw (abandon) farms which were built more than a hundred years ago. 3.For many years，
2、 (train) camels carried food and other supplies，and returned with wool and other products. 4.Recently I (have) my first ride on a long-distance train.,语法感知,语法导学,cooked,abandoned,trained,had,5.One night，at about midnight，I (watch) the night sky for about an hour. 6.A long time ago，Australians (need)
3、a way to travel to the middle of the country. 7.The Afghans and their camels (do) this until the 1920s. 8.In 1925，they (pass) a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.,watched,needed,did,passed,.翻译句子 1.上周末，简吃了一顿她外婆做的美餐。 _ 2.前天我们举行了一场篮球赛。 _ 3.前几天，Robert去北京出差了。 _,Last wee
4、kend，Jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her grandmother.,We held a basketball match the day before yesterday.,Robert went to Beijing on business the other day.,4.玛丽过去常常一周来拜访我一次。 _ 5.当我还是个小男孩时，我常去那个公园玩。 _,Mary used to pay a visit to/visit me once a week.,When I was a boy，I often went to play
5、in that park.,一、过去分词作定语 过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念。但是，如果是不及物动词的过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。 1.过去分词作定语的位置 (1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。如： a retired worker一位退休的工人 the given question给定的问题,语法精析,qualified teachers合格的教师 everybody invited所有被邀请的人 注意：leave的过去分词left表
6、示“剩余的，剩下的”时，置于被修饰词之后。如： I have only one coin left. 我只剩下一枚硬币了。 (2)过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。如： the languages used in Germany在德国使用的语言 the book written in simple English用浅显的英语写成的书,2.过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。 过去分词短语作后置定语时，如果和中心词之间有逗号，则可以将其转换成非限制性定语从句；若无逗号，则可以将其转换成限制性定语从句。 I want to take away the book sh
7、own to me yesterday. I want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday. 我想带走(你)昨天给我看的那本书。 The Olympic Games，first held in 776 BC，did not include women competitors until 1912. The Olympic Games，which were first held in 776 BC，did not include women competitors until 1912. 于公元前776年首次举办的奥运会直到
8、1912年才允许女运动员参赛。,3.表示情感的动词的过去分词 有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感动的)，interested(感兴趣的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)，shocked(震惊的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)，frightened(受惊吓的)等。如：a frightened girl一个受惊吓的女孩。 4.不及物动词的过去分词 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如： newly-arri
9、ved passengers刚到的旅客 fallen leaves落叶,5.过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成复合形容词作定语 The newly-built hotel was burnt in the fire. 新建的宾馆在火灾中被烧掉了。,二、用于一般过去时的时间状语 1.一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作时，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，never等时间状语连用。 When I was a child，I often played football in the street.当我是个孩子时，我经常在街上踢足球。 I always
10、 got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast. 我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。 2.一般过去时表示在过去某一具体的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态时，常用的时间状语有a moment ago，just now，yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982，last year，in the Tang Dynasty等。 Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪里了？,3.一般过去时也可与today，this week，in the old
11、days，during.，when引导的时间状语从句，recently，until.，“since时间点”等时间状语连用。 They recently moved to a new house. 最近他们搬进了新居。 During his middle school years，he often went for the competition.他在中学时代经常参加竞赛。 I saw him today.我今天见过他。,.单句语法填空 1.The publication of Great Expectations，which (be) both widely reviewed and high
12、ly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏) 2.I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.(2017天津) 3. (do) you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? Yes.They are happy with it.(2017北京),高考链接,was,was driving,Did,4.Ja
13、ck (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. (2016北京) 5.To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江) 6.It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全国) 7.Did you enjoy the party? Yes.We (treat) wel
14、l by our hosts.(2015北京),was working,conducted,arrived,were treated,8.Is Peter coming? No，he (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. (2015重庆) 9.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I (ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？”(2015湖南) 10.The real reason why prices (be)，and still are，too
15、 high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. (2015江苏),changed,asked,were,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，but once I started the car，my mind goes blank. (2017全国，短文改错) 2.About one month after this photo
16、was taken，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. (2017全国，短文改错),went,became,3.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went shopping.(2016四川，短文改错) 4.While they chat ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top of t
17、he fridge.(2016浙江，短文改错) 5.When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.(2015全国，短文改错),got,chatted,thought,6.As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here. (2015四川，短文改错) 7.This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock. (2014辽宁，短文改错) 8.Nearly five years b
18、efore ，and with the help of our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden. (2014新课标全国，短文改错),told,started,ago,9.I was only four when she passes away.(2013新课标全国，短文改错) 10.Do you want to know why we move last week？(2013浙江，短文改错),passed,moved,.单句语法填空 1.Dont put the waste
19、on the ground. Oh，Im very sorry.I (not，see) the dustbin there. 2.Robert (give) me his address the other day，but Im afraid I have lost it. 3.Mr Smith (come) to see you just now. 4.We often (go) out for a walk after supper when we lived in the countryside. 5.The fire (break) out during the night.,达标检测
20、,didnt see,gave,came,went,broke,.完成句子 6.上次提到的那本书已经卖光了。 The book has been sold out. 7.上周进行的调查结果如下。 The results of the survey are as follows. 8.美国是个高度发达的国家。 America is a . 9.她脸上带着困惑的表情在倾听。 She listened on her face. 10.污染的空气对我们的健康有害。 The is bad for our health.,referred to last time,conducted last week,
21、highly-developed country,polluted air,with a puzzled expression,.语法填空 (2017山西晋中名校高一上联考) My friend had a chance to make a trip 11. Hong Kong last year. He had dreamed about 12. (visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he 13. (be) there.The following was 14._ he had seen.,to,visitin
22、g,what,had been,Arriving there，he 15. (attract) by its beautiful scenery and tall buildings.It is said that Hong Kong has the most skyscrapers in the world.Wherever he went，he saw many smiling faces there.People in Hong Kong were kind，generous，easygoing and ready 16. (help) others.Much to his surpri
23、se，he saw that people there always kept order in public places.Though crowds of people 17. (wait) for the next train at the subway station，they were talking in such a low voice as not to disturb one another.,was attracted,to help,were waiting,Chinese and English are their official languages.English
24、is 18._ (wide) used in governments，markets，service centers and other fields. 19. (stay) there for only a week was a good experience for him,20. he will never forget.,widely,Staying,which,单元写作 Writing about ones experiences,技法点拨,以旅游为题材的书面表达是比较常见的一类写作形式，游记类的写作属于记叙文的范畴。游记就是将自己在游览过程中的所见所闻和所想记录下来，重在介绍风光景
25、点、名胜古迹、风土人情等，抒发自己参观游览的体验感受。写这类记叙文应注意： 1.游记类的记叙文主要是按照时间顺序把旅游的过程介绍给别人。对于旅游的过程和感受，可以交叉进行，也可以在文章的最后写旅游感受。表达旅游感受可用感叹句。,写作指导,2.要用过渡词或时间状语把旅游过程的要点连接起来。 3.要融入真情实感。要把自己的思想感情融进文章里，做到既有所见所闻，又有所思所感，这样可以丰富文章内涵，深化写作主题，使文章更具感染力。 4.文章时态主要用一般过去时态，但描述景色、旅游地概况或发表议论时可用现在时态。人称用第一人称。,1.Last week，I paid a visit to Mount E
26、mei in Sichuan Province with my family. 2.During the National Day holidays，I went to Beijing for five days with my classmates and my teachers. 3.There were so many animals in the Sea Museum，and some of them looked very lovely，for example，penguins，seals and more. 4.Then，we visited the Palace Museum a
27、nd the Summer Palace，which were both good places to take pictures.,常用表达,5.Even though my travel seems really short，my memory of the pleasant trip will last long. 6.Summer travel made me grow a lot of knowledge and understand a lot of history，legend and folklore(民俗). 7.Traveling to Beidaihe is always
28、 a dream in my heart，so Ill treat it as a chance for me to broaden my horizons. 8.I could not but admit that it was a most pleasant and unforgettable travel.,假如你叫李华，暑假去了西双版纳旅游。请你给你的美国朋友Helen写一封100词左右的信，告诉她西双版纳的风土人情。 1.西双版纳位于云南省南部，东南与老挝相连，西南与缅甸接壤，总面积为19 582平方公里，人口113万。 2.气候终年温暖湿润。 3.西双版纳环境优美，既是植物王国又是
29、动物王国，并被誉为“药材之乡”。 4.以泼水节的形式庆祝新年。 注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：老挝Laos；缅甸Burma；湿润humid；药材之乡a herb garden；泼水splash water,典题示例,写作要求是根据提示写一篇游记，介绍西双版纳。写作时应注意下面三点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇游记，属于记叙文的范畴。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主，介绍西双版纳概况时可用一般现在时态。 3.主体人称：文章应该以第一人称为主。,审题谋篇,联想词汇 1.位于 _ 2.占地面积 _ 3.有人口 _ 4.盛产 _ 5.被称作 _,要点词句,lie in,cover
30、 an area of,have a population of,be rich in,be called,句式升级 1.西双版纳位于云南省南部，东南与老挝相连，西南与缅甸接壤。Xishuangbanna lies in the south of Yunnan Province Laos _and Burma .(with复合结构)Xishuangbanna lies in the south of Yunnan Province，_ Laos to the southeast and Burma to the southwest.(非限制性定语从句)in the south of Yunna
31、n Province，Xishuangbanna is connected with Laos to the southeast and Burma to the southwest.(过去分词短语作状语),with,southeast,which is,to the,to the southwest,connected with,Located,2.它总面积为19 582平方公里，人口113万。It covers an area of 19,582 square kilometers _ 1,130,000.(并列句) It covers an area of 19,582 square k
32、ilometers _ 1,130,000.(with)an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.(现在分词短语作状语),and has a population of,with a population of,Covering,3.西双版纳环境优美，既是植物王国又是动物王国，并被誉为“药材之乡”。Xishuangbanna is rich in animals is also called “a herb garden”.(as well as；并列句)Xishuangbanna is rich
33、in plants and animals，_ famous as “a herb garden”.not only.but (also). 4.人们以泼水节的形式庆祝新年。People here splash water on each other the New Year.(不定式短语作目的状语)People here celebrate the New Year on each other. (“bydoing”短语作方式状语),as well as plants and,not only,but it is also,to celebrate,by splashing water,Th
34、is summer I went on a ten-day tour to Xishuangbanna.Xishuangbanna is one of the most beautiful places in China.It lies in the south of Yunnan Province with Laos to the southeast and Burma to the southwest.Covering an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.The environment h
35、ere is friendly.Its warm and humid all year long.Xishuangbanna is rich in animals as well as plants and is also called “a herb garden”.,连句成篇,Dear Helen，,What impressed me most was that people here splash water on each other.I was told that they do this to celebrate the New Year.By the way，I bought some souvenirs and Im going to give one to you as a gift. Im looking forward to seeing you.,Best wishes. Yours， Li Hua,
