1、英文合同常用词、短语和句型1.订立、变更合同 动词 Make a contract / Enter into / form / create / conclude / execute /covenant 名词 the making of / the conclusion of a contract / the entry into contract / the formation of / the creation of / the conclusion of / the execution of a contract / covenant This agreement/contract is
2、 made and entered into 8th of August, 2008 by and between Party A and Party B. 2.合同的终止、解除、撤销 terminate a contract 通常指合同在约定期满前终止履行，可双方同意而作出，也指一方因另一方违约而行使的一种救济权。美国“终止”指合同各方未违反合同约定而依法终止合同。 cancel a contact 因另一方违约而解除合同，其效力基本等同于terminate，不同是撤销方仍有权对整个合同或中未履行部分主张救济。 discharge a contract 合同当事人的合同关系已终止。 resc
3、ind a contract 免除当事人之间的合同义务，将当事人各自地位恢复到合同订立之前状态。 revoke a contract 即以取消或撤回的方式废止或宣布无效。出于行为人的意愿，即主动发出的行为。 合同中常用词及句型1.常用虚词 shall, notwithstanding, as, foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above mentioned, according to, under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant,
4、under or in accordance with the agreement, as provided herein, as provided in hereof, include but not limited to, with prejudice, whereas, hereof, hereto, herein, hereby, hereinafter, hereunder, thereof, forthwith, the following, as follows, as of the date of, hereunder. 1.1shall 应该，必须。有时也可用will，但力度
5、比较弱 should 在法律文件里往往用作“if” 表示如果之意 1.2Notwithsanding=in spite of, despite. 放句首 1.3as 1.3.1. as the case may be (视情况而定)， as the case may require(视具体要求而定) 1.3.2. as + provide/stipluate,set forth, prescribe 表“依照什么规定” As provided 短语含义相当于 in accordance with The venture may relocate its office from time to
6、time as the Venturers may require. 1.3.3 suchas构成极具代表性的表达 such date as a resonable in the circumstances (as这里可以换成that). 1.4 foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, abovementioned. 一般放在名词之前做限定，意思相同，都做“上述的”或“前述的”讲。合同中只要重复第一次提到的姓名或名称，即可将上述词放在合同内名词之前。如果想用动词短语表达，可将mentioned above 放在名词先行词后。 要限定或重复
7、某事，也可用Something in question表达 1.5 依照什么规定 According to (最少用), under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, prusuant to, under or in accordance with the agreement, as provided herein. Pursuant to Article 8 of the contract=pursuant to Article 8 hereof. 具体条款放在contract前不用of连接；也可用hereof,
8、 thereof直接放在具体条款之后. 1.6 including but not limited to, including, without limitation以及including by way of illustration but not limitation. “包括但不限于” 1.7 prior to, no later than, on or before. “在*日前，提前多少日” 1.8 as follows, as below, the following. “下列” NOW THEREFORE, the parties hereby covenant and agre
9、e as follows/as bellow. 1.9 without prejudice to, with prejudice. “在不损害什么的规定/情况下，不使受损害”“和有损，有偏见” 1.10 hereof, hereto, hereunto, herein, hereby, hereinafter, hereinbefore, hereunder, thereof, whereby Here指该合同或协议 There 指另一合同或协议 1.11 attributable to, by virture of, on account of (相当于普通英语中due to, becaus
10、e of) 1.12 in lieu of. “替代”相当于普通英语中的instead of. 1.13 hereinafter referred to as, hereinafter called, herein referred to as. “以下简称” 1.14 unless otherwise 一半后面紧跟动词，除非另（比“if not” “otherwise”正式） Unless otherwise specified in the contract/ L/C除非另有规定 unless otherwise expressly agreed by 除非另有约定 1.15 in res
11、pect of 关于, 比 about, concerning, as regards正式 in respect thereof 表示上文已提及的事项时使用 1.16 in the event that, in the event of 如果发生，比when更正式 1.17 provided that: 但规定，规定；但是。常用于合同的某一条款需要做进步一规定时，或作规定时语气上表示转折。中译英时候注意。 1.18 be deemed: 比be believed, be considered正式 1.19 in question, under consideration, being talk
12、ed about. 该，这 The matters in question 该事项 1.20 in case, the (the)case of: 如果，含“一旦、万一”之意。 1.21 be liable for sth, be liable to sb, be responsible in accordance with law. 对某事人负有责任 1.22 know all men by these presents根据本文件，特此宣布; undersigned法律文件签署者，前面加the，是指文件签署者的自称 Now Therefore 特此，因此。一般接whereas之后，为引出具体
13、协议事项的常用开头词，并与其后的hereby连用，可译成“兹”“特此” 2常用的实义词 2.1provide, stipulate, prescribe, discribed, set forth. 表示“规定” 名词分别为provision, stipulation, prescription 2.2represent, warrant, undertake, guarantee “保证”。Represent 和warrant连用，出现在合同中声明和保障部分。 Party A hereby represents and warrants to party B that. 甲方向乙方声明并保证
14、。 2.3principle place of business, domicile, business premise“主营业地”“住所”“营业场所” 2.4annex/annexes, appendix/appendices, schedule/schedules, addendum/addenda. “附件”其中annex还有“吞并、合并”的意思。 2.5chapter, article, section, clause, paragraph, subparagraph. 章chapter, 条article/(section/clause美国合同),款paragraph,项subpar
15、agrahp 2.6有权做 shall/will have the right to do; (可用may do代替) be entitled to do (可用may do代替) reserve the right to do专指“保留行使做什么的权利” be (duly) authorised to do / have the authority to do 经授权 have the authority to do do sth. At ones option be at liberty to do指由行为人自主决定做什么 2.7有责任有义务做 Have the legal obligat
16、ionto do Be obliged to Shall do Be under the obligation to do Shall be liable to do. 2.8effect 合同英语中一般指“实现”“完成” 2.9couterpart, copy, duplicate, original 一式三份 is made in 3 origianls/ couterpart,/copy/duplicate 2.10incur “招致”相当于普通英语中cause 2.11to-wit法律专用于，意思等于中文的“即”，同普通英语中的that is to day(i.e) 2.12sanct
17、ion（很少用）, approval批准 2.13do sth. In its entirety “全部，整个做什么” do sth. Totally, do sth as a whole. 2.14Mortgage相当于我国法律中的“抵押” Lien相当于“留置” Security相当于“担保、保证”a secuired land一块设定担保的土地，a secuired money保证还款 Charege；指给土地等财产设定的保证付款的债权 Pledge: 保证；为支付由转移人发生的债务将动产转移，作为担保的方式；承典人对所收典物享有的权利（典权） Encumbrance指给财产设定的债券，
18、例如租赁、抵押、限制性契约、收取房租等。 2.15尽力做某事 Use all resonable endeavors to do; use ones best efforts. 合同用语21.合同中常用句型 1.1“如果”“假如 If and whenever In the event of /that(从句中的谓语可用一般现在时) 和in case “如果”“在什么情形下” Where Should从句只有假设的是违背当事人意志的不利情况时候采用到 Provided (that) /providing ( that)，On the conditions that均表示实现某结果的前提条件，一
19、般用于句末 In so far as (insofar as)“只要”“如若”替代普通英语中的as long as 1.2 何物仍归谁所有或何物所有权归谁 sth is (shall remain) the property of sb. 1.3 “除外条款”“但书”在合同中成为 saving clause” 表现句型一般有save that句型和save as 句型两种，表示“除外” 1.4 “一就”upon. 一般不用ASAP 1.5 除非另有规定 unless otherwise stipulated/required/stated, except as otherwise provid
20、ed两种基本句型 1.6 so agreed So agreed, this_th day of (month), 2001 另一种表达方式为：Inwitness whereof, the parties set their hands and seals hereunto as of the date hereinabove mentioned. 2. 合同的五个部分的例句与用词 2.1 协议当事人parties、叙述recital、正文habendum、附录schedule、证明attestation. 叙述部分由WHERERAS加双方愿望等订立合同的基础。 开头句式 2.1.1 this
21、 agreement is made the_ th day of _ between_, a company incorporated in_(country) and having its registered office/pricipal place of business/head office at_(domicile) (hereinafter called “ XX company) of the one party and _(ID No.:_) of _( domicile) (hereinafter called “YY Manager”) of the other pa
22、rty 2.1.2 An agreement for service made the 1st day of sep,2008 between_of_(add) (hereinafter referred to as XX company) as one part and Mr. _of _(add)(hereinafter referred to as the contractor ) of the other part. 2.1.3 This contract is made by and entered into on March 1st, 2008, by and between_LT
23、D.(hereinafter referred to as “PARTY A”) and _LTD. （hereinafter referred to as PARTY B）. 2.2协议正文的表达有主动和被动两种谓语经常用agree或agree加covenant包括下列表达： 2.2.1 NOW IT IS HEREBY AGREED as follows: 2.2.2 NOW THEREFORE, it is hereby agreed as follows: 2.2.3 WHEREBY IT IS AGREED AND DECLARED as follows: 2.2.4 NOW， TH
24、EREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promies and covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows: 2.2.5 For and in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises herein contained, the Parties herein agree to consitute themselves as joint venturers, henceforth, “ venturers” for
25、 the purposes before mentioned. 2.2.6 NOW THEREFORE, the parties herby covenant and agree as follows: 2.27 It is understood and expressively agreed that 2.3证明部分“双方签字盖章，特此为证” IN WITNESS WHEREOF / IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF+主动语态句型或被动语态句型 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hands the day an
26、d the year first above written. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, both parties set their hands on the date herein has been executed effective as of the date first above written IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed by their respective duly officers as of the date first h
27、ereinabovewritten. IN WITNESS WHEREOF this deed has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, we have hereunto signed and sealed this contract on the day and year first written above. 3. 合同一般条款的例句与用词 3.1 定义。定义的句型常用： Shall refer to Means Shall mean Shall be construct
28、ed as 3.2 通知特快专递常用express courier, express delivery service.等词加前置by或via表达，文中一般要用shall表示送达方的义务 3.3保险条款 under term of CIF, by the buyers, against 3.4 保证赔偿方面一般会用到shall indemnify and hold sb harmless of/from/for短语 Company shall indimnify and hold sales representitive harmless of and from any and all lib
29、ility attributable soley to the negligent, intentional or other acts of company or its employees. 公司应赔偿因其公司或某职员的单方过失、故意或其他行为而致的所有责任，并保证销售代表免于承担上述责任。 3.5 争议的解决 All disputes arising in connection with this contract or in the execution thereof should be settled amicably through negotiations. In case no
30、 settlement can be reached, the case in dispute shall then be submitted for arbitration in_. The abitration award shall be accepted as final and binding upon both parties. Any controversy or claim aring out of or related to this agreement, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration in ac
31、cordance with the commercial arbitration rules of the Arbitration association, and judgement upon the award rendered by the arbitratior(s) may be entered in any court having juurisdication thereof. 3.6 争议的法律适用方面 governing law This agreement is governed by and shall be constructed in accordance with
32、the laws of the PRC. 3.7 文字效力方面 This contract is made in two originals in english, both being equally valid and authentic. 3.8股权转让 transfer of equity interests/shares. 文中多用shall, may not, shall not等义务性或禁止性规定。 The bags shall be sound and suitable for ocean transportation Wittent consent书面同意 Bear all
33、costs承担费用 Bebound unto In the sum of Save as 除了之外。 In witness Be liable for Standby letters of credit备用信用证 Forth with 立刻，不犹豫 In conformity with Dead freight空仓费 Demurrage滞港费 本文转自-山东人在北京 客城-：引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和
34、写作。合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the
35、 execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工
36、程中缺陷的报酬。注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such.as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisio
37、ns of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2：We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注释：（1）here
38、by：特此（2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明（4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中（5）documentary proof：证明文件参考译文：特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。例3：This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between Co
39、. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on (Date), in (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.注释：（1）hereby：特此（2）hereinafter referred to as Party A：以下称甲方（3）on the principle of equality and mutual ben
40、efit：在平等互利基础上（4）through amicable consultation：通过友好协商参考译文：本合同双方， 公司（以下称甲方）与 公司（以下称乙方），在平等互利基础上，通过友好协商，于 年 月 日在中国 （地点），特签订本合同。例4：This agreement is hereby made and entered into on (Date), by and between Co. China (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B).注释：（1）th
41、is agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此订立本协议在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词：sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点，可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示）。（2）hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下简称乙方二 hereof英文释义: of this中文译词:关于此点；在本文件中用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的”时，使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时，可以说“the terms, con
42、ditions and provisions hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Contract”；又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“any parts hereof”，这里hereof表示“of this Works”。语法：一般置于要修饰的名词的后面，与之紧邻。hereof和thereof的区别：hereof强调“of this”。例如，上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract；“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。
43、例1Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all l
44、osses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.注释：（1） Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，whether or not：不论是否（2） the owner of the goods：货方（3） without interruption：无间断地（4） carrier：承运人（5） in default on the provisions hereo
45、f：违反本款规定 hereof：of this Clause参考译文：不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反，货方都应昼夜地，包括星期日和假日（如承运人需要），无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏，包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。例2Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade
46、dealings.注释：（1） foreign trade dealers：对外贸易经营者（2） as mentioned in this Law：本法所称（3） the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法规定（4） legal entity：法人（5） be engaged in foreign trade dealings：从事对外贸易经营活动参考译文：本法所称对外贸易经营者，是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。例3The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A company complying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares. Provided that if a company fails to comply with the co
