1、null h null Eb 1, 1,2, null 3, f ; 1(1.北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029;2.中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026;3.河南省驻马店供电公司,河南驻马店463000)null null K null 1 :对不同入口风速和隧道高宽比情况下隧道内的烟气运动进行模拟,分析隧道内的烟气分布情况b结果表明:随着入口风速的增大,隧道内整体的烟气浓度会逐渐降低b入口风速过大,加强了气流的湍流程度,使烟气层较早降至路面,隧道断面提前充满烟气,使火源附近近地面处的烟气浓度过高b当入口风速较小时,火源上部的部分烟气会逆着风向流动,产生回流现
2、象,所研究工况下烟气不发生回流的临界入口风速为2.2 m/s左右b横截面积相同的情况下,隧道高宽比越小,烟气上升高度越高,隧道下部烟气量越少,利于救援和人员疏散b1 o M :隧道火灾; 烟气运动; 入口风速; 数值模拟 m s | :X913.4, TK121null null D S :A c I | :1009- 0029(2011)04- 0277- 03 “ S Y Y + , # 4 ,B ? 3 , # S v , / 6 a 3 9 E s , 30 M , W ? 3 l n 7 b 1993 M 6 12 ? 3 S L E + ,/ 8 a10 s a 6 561 a 5
3、79 h v ;2000 M 11 11 , ? 3 / 155 , 18 s b X i ,i B t k E 9 bV b Y , y ; 4 , = ;Y . , ?n , 4 ; 4 ,B E ; / v b8 ,v i B 1 4 5 ,y N , f 1 i l b1 null E1.1null 9 Z EP V T N- SZ , SIMPLE Tp K s Z b = u ,3 S knullnull , u ? k q null V S knullnull. Z ,n T (1)a T (2)bnullnullt(null )+nullnullx i (null ui )=n
4、ullnullxj !tknull nullx j + G#+ Gb-nullnull- YM+ S (1)nullnullt(nullnull)+nullnullx i (nullnullui )=nullnullx j !tnullnullnullnullxj + C1null(G#+C3nullGb )- C2nullnullnull2+ Snull (2)1.2null # S H q m 1 U bm 1null m 150m, z 9 m,/ 3.05 m, 4.5 mb W Z 8 L , E L B j 4mnull 2m null 2m Z b = ) “ Q , 3 1 =
5、 ? p , E I n 8 V ,# , 8 E , | ! 9 B K v l % , M B , q 20 MW, 8 16m3, Z 8 = q 1. 25MWb = ? 3 H s 1 ,7 O ? 3 H q 9 $ Y , 3 F M b3 = . l s f , s S 8 , E 9 CO2 9 ,i L - = M i 0, ) M i 1b P g , g b3 1 g = “ : S S E L i 7 b 5 F E d T ? p # !(HZ2010- KF09); v M = S J - b 8 F . l % !(QN0807); 2 8 L i 7 b /
6、8 “ + # L !(HKLGF200802)277消防科学与技术2011 M 4 30 4 Y ,s Y g 0a2a3a4a5 m/s f / = f E ,i ) / ? 3 “ g b H 3 M f / , z 1 Y b g 4m/s H q / , z 1 3F = f E b2 null E T s ) 2.1null g = s Ym 2 g / z= 0 i s m , m V A , g v , | e B , “ g 9 v , = 8 i b g V v H , ! !g 9 v ,7 O F u , P * , 4 - , P ) i , ) v , / g 4m
7、/sP H K D b m 2 V A g v 3m/s H , “ / , g l H , I “ _ , 3 C , h (h V Z _ ) by N , = ? 3 H ,Y v “ , P ? 3 ,N H Z _ b3 = s E ) / ? 3 “ ,m g s Y 2.5m/s 2.2m/s H = s m V A , / ? 3 “ g 2.2 m/sP bm 2null g H q / z= 0 8 s s m2.2null z 1 Y M a z 1 3 j n V 1bV 1null j V null /m / z/m / /m /m z 1 1 150 9.0 3.0
8、5 4.50 0.84 2 150 9.5 2.51 4.75 0.76 3 150 10.0 2.00 5.00 0.70null null m 3 z 1 z= 0 i s m b m V A , M f / , z , 6 , “ , i , / b M , z 1 l , i ,/ i , “ by N , y / H , M , - 4 / , 9 F z bm 3null z 1 z= 0 8 s s m3 null null g z 1 f / = s E ,s = s , / :(1) g v , | e B , “ g 9 v , = 8 i b g V v H , ! !
9、g 9 v ,7 O F u , P * , 4 - , P ) i , ) v b / g 4m/sP H K D b(2) g l H , X Q _ , 3 C b / ? 3 “ g 2.2 m/ sP b(3) M f / , z 1 l , 6 , / , b I D :1 y S .M h s J. ,1998,19(6):1- 3.2 z S . E Z , Y # # U J.M y , 2001,(3):6- 9.3 Karpov A V, Makarov D V. Fire in tunnels: threenulldimensional nunullmerical si
10、mulation and comparison with the experiment A. Pronullceedingsof the 4th Asianulloceania symposium onfire science and technullnology C.Tokyo:Waseda University,2000,565- 576.278 Fire Science and Technology, April2011,Vol30,No.4null y ! 9 null % y 1 E p 1, 2(1.徐州市消防支队,江苏徐州221005; 2.中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州22
11、1116)null null K null 1 :在分析仓储建筑自然排烟原理和方式的基础上,结合实例进行火灾烟气运动的数值模拟,针对不同的自然排烟方式和自然排烟口面积设置相应的火灾场景,分析仓库自然排烟的一般规律:水平天窗比竖直侧窗排烟稳定,排烟量也较大;在相同排烟口面积的情况下,水平天窗排烟对控制烟气层的下降更为有效;在室内具有竖直排烟口的情况下,屋顶水平排烟口一般不会发生倒吸现象,而采用侧窗竖直排烟时部分侧窗可能变为进风口b1 o M :仓储建筑; 自然排烟; 烟气控制; 火灾 m s | :X913.4, TU249, TU834. 1null D S : B c I | :1009-
12、0029(2011)04- 0279- 051 null % y 1 Z Ty ? 3 , V 3 v ,y = 9 ? 3 M b y b1 1 F 3 ay = 3 3 y b % y B v z bW , a 1 b1 g B : g a g | g b1 Z T : : b T y H q , 1 z Z T b 1 : 1 n m 1 m 2b2 null % y 1 E W y e L o e ! 9 Z E ,s i 5 % n b E q FDS E s o f ,s H q / o ? p i _ 1 r T ,4 “ d ! 9 i n b2.1null W y e B E
13、 v 8 y ? ,r g , e y V 9 m2, ao 36 , g a 235 , g = V 600 , 1 a% i ( L a a F a ! a y b2003 M 6 4 23 H 55s , e ( L u B v O ? 34 ; F * , u , . E k J.M ,1997,19(3):92- 98. 5 VauquelinO,Megret O. Smoke experimentsin case of firein a tunnullnel J.Fire Safety Journal,2002,37(5):525- 533. 6 Wiekema BJ. Vapou
14、r cloudexplosion modeJ.Journalof Hazardnullous Material,1980,3(3):221- 232.Numerical simulation of smoke movementin tunnel fireHAN Xuenullbin1, CHEN Dongnullliang1, 2,LIU Ya3, ZHANG Dongnullsheng1null null (1. College of MechanicalandElectronicEngineering, Beinulljing University ofChemicalTechnology
15、,Beijing 100029, China;2. State key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Scienceand Technology of China, Anhui Hefei 230026, China; 3.HenanZhumadian Power Supply Company, Henan Zhumadian463000, China)Abstract: In order to analyze the gas distribution in the tunnel,we madenumericalsimulationof s
16、mokemovement in the case ofdifferent inlet velocities and different heightnullwidth ratios. Theresults showed that: the overall concentration inthe tunnelwillbe lower along withtheincrease of inletvelocity. However, exnullcessive inlet velocity increases turbulent extent which makessmoke layer get d
17、own to the road surface earlier. So that thesmoke concentration above the ground that near fire source ishigher. When inlet velocity is lower, part of the smoke on thetopof the tunnel will flow against the wind that makes the gasbackflow. Under the conditions in this paper, the critical inletvelocit
18、y which makes backflow nonoccurrence is about 2. 2m/s. Under the conditionof the same cross sectional area, thesmaller the heightnullwidth ratio of the tunnel is, the higher thesmoke willriseso that the gas concentrationwillbe lower at thebottom which is advantageous to rescue.Key words: tunnel fire; smoke movement; inlet velocity; nunullmerical simulation作者简介:韩学斌(1985- ),男,山东莱芜人,北京化工大学机电工程学院安全技术及工程专业硕士研究生,主要从事预混气体火焰传播的数值模拟及实验研究,北京市朝阳区北三环东路15号北京化工大学化机楼202,100029b收稿日期:2011- 01- 10279消防科学与技术2011 M 4 30 4
