1、参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：中 国 人 民 大 学 2001年 博 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 英 语 试 题 1 Listening Comprehension （ 30 minutes, 20 points） （ 略 ） II Vocabulary （ 10 points） Part A （ 5 points） Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best complet
2、es the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I. Example: The student was told that his high grades in English could _ for low grades in science. A. compensate B. withhold C. transform D. divert The sentence should read, “The student was t
3、old that his high grades in English could compensate for low grades in science.” Therefore, you should choose A. Sample Answer ABCD 1. And the topic “fat ”is forbidden. Even the slightest paunch betrays that one is losing the trim and _ of youth. A. vague B. vigor C. vogue D. vulgar 2. All specialis
4、ts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _ the risks and benefits. A. valuing B. evaluating C. estimating D. weighing 3. Chinese of ten shake my hand and dont let go. They talk away contentedly, _ of my discomfort and struggle to disengage my hand. A. oblivious B.
5、patent C. obvious D. pernicious 4. The word “foolish” is too mild to describe your behavior, I would prefer the word _. A. ideological B. idyllic C. idiotic D. idiomatic 5. Because of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car has _ Germanys Touring Car Championship. A. conquered B.
6、 contested C. dominated D. determined 6. What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a _,many families find that ownership of two cars is indispensable. A. fashion B. necessity C. proclivity D. nuisance 7. The chief editor thought he took some liberties with the original in translation.
7、 So it was necessary that he make the _ suggested. A. alterations B. alternatives C. alternations D. altercation 8. Many well-educated people don believe that _ will endanger freedom of speech. A. censership B. censureship C. sensorship D. censorship 9. The _ of “snake” is simply this: a; legless re
8、ptile with a long, thin body. A. connotation B. denomination C. donation D. denotation 10. When the opposing player fouled John let his anger _ his good sense and hit the boy back. A. got the feel of B. got the hang of C. got the better of D. got the worst of 参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：Part B （ 5 points
9、 ） Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on
10、Answer Sheet I. The last years of the nineteenth century saw much decadence in art. A. progress B. decline C. variety D. confusion In this sentence, “decline ” is closest in meaning to “decadence”. Therefore you should choose B. Sample Answer A B CD 11. Although this book claims to be a biography of
11、 George Washington, many of the incidents are imaginary. A. fascinating B. factitious C. fastidious D. fictitious 12. The trade fair is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese auto industries and overseas auto industries. A. promote B. protect C. preserve D. prolong 13. He was con
12、cerned only with mundane matters, especially the daily stock market quotations. A. rational B. obscure C. worldly D. eminent 14. The earthquake that occurred in India this year was a major calamity in which a great man was lost . A. casualty B. catastrophe C. catalogue D. crusade 15. The doctors wer
13、e worried because the patient did not recuperate as rapidly as they had expected. A. withdraw B. emerge C. recover D. uncover 16. The purchaser of this lorry is protected by the manufacturers warranty that he will replace any defective part for five years or 50,000 miles. A. prohibition B. insurance
14、 C. prophecy D. guarantee 17. The boy could not reconcile himself to the failure. He did not believe that was his lot. A. submit B. commit C. transmit D. permit 18. In some cities of North China, the noise pollution is as pronounced as that in Tokyo. A. contemptuous B. contagious C. conspicuous D. c
15、ontemplated 19. Trivial breaches of regulations we can pass over, but more serious ones will have to be investigated. A. exceed B. wither C. overpass D. neglect 20 We were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in and said, “Theres no point in talking about impossibilities.” A. in
16、tersect B. interject C. penetrate D. adulterate III Cloze （ 10 points） Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corr
17、esponding letter on the Answer 参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：Sheet. Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads in Britain. Mile 21 mile, vehicle for vehicle, you are much 22 likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary road. On 23 hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalit
18、ies are much more likely to 24 than in a comparable accident 25 on the roads. Motorways have no 26 bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and 27 speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is 28 in force, it is often treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the
19、30 mph limit applying in built up areas in Britain. Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like traveling in groups with perhaps 29 ten meters between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pile-ups 30 one vehicle stops for some reason-mechanical failure, driver error and so on-have b
20、ecome all 31 familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How 32 of these drivers realize that it takes a car about one hundred meters to brake to a stop 33_ 70mph? Drivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete protection from the changing weather. 34_wet the road
21、, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, they 35 at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions 36 their journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy 37 this motorway madness would be better driver education. At present, learner drivers are barred 38 motorways and are
22、thus as far as this kind of driving is 39 , thrown in at the deep end. However, much more efficient policing is required, 40 it is the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own foolishness. 21. A. for B. after C. to D. by 22. A. more B. far C.
23、 less D. lesser 23. A. another B other C. one D. the other 24. A. come up B. occur C. be found D. arise 25. A. everywhere B. elsewhere C. anywhere D. somewhere 26. A. pointed B. steep C. vertical D. sharp 27. A. thus B. then C. so D. thereupon 28. A. yet B. even C. still D. subsequently 29. A. utter
24、ly B. simply C. barely D. purely 30. A. because B. since C. when D. for 31. A. too B. also C. unduly D. unreasonably 32. A. many B. much C. deeply D. profoundly 33. A. to B. from C. at D. for 34. A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. How 35. A. push B. rake C. till D. plough 36. A. unless B. before C
25、. thus D. until 37. A. to B. for C. of D. on 38. A. from B. against C. away D. off 39. A. related B. considered C. concerned D. touched 40. A. but B. then C. them D. for IV Reading Comprehension （ 20 points） Directions: Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B,
26、C 参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：and D for each question or unfinished statement and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I. Passage 1 The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of looking at the man behind him in line, the one
27、who lay beside him to the left when they were below. He was a Serer tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, front and back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kunta, felt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darkness for moanin
28、g so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Serers dark eyes were full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out even as they stood looking at each other-this time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away, Kunta was kicked heavily in his ribs. But somehow he and the gasping
29、Wolof managed to stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling toward their dousing with bucked of seawater. A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds, and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezing thing t
30、hat had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance for the toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from their new beating that twice they stumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hem hopping clumsily up and down in their chains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aw
31、are of the women singing “Toubob fa!” And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in the dark hold, his heart throbbed with a lust to murder toubob. Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darkness and scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had
32、accumulated on the shelves where the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred, following the bobbing orange lights, listening to the toubob cursing and sometimes slipping and tailing into the slickness underfootso plentiful now, because of the increasing loose
33、ness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begun to drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway. The last time they were on deck, Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badly infected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken back below. A few days later, the wo
34、men told the other prisoners in their singing that the mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tend him, but that the man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Starting then, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot pieces of m
35、etal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the hold smelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the choking stink. It was a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin. The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gone ke
36、pt growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better and better with one another. Words not understood were whispered from mouth to ear along the shelves until someone who knew more then one tongue would send back their meanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf l
37、earned new words in tongues they had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, in the double excitement of communicating with each other and the fact that it was being done without the toubobs knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours, the men developed a deepening s
38、ense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though they were of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not from different peoples or places . 41 The living conditions for the Blacks in the salve ship were _. A. adequate but primitive 参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：B. inhumane and inadequate
39、 C. humane but crowded D. similar to the crews quarters 42. The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because _. A. they were too sick to talk B. they distrusted one another C. no one felt like talking D. they spoke different languages 43. Which of the following words is closest in
40、meaning to balefully as used in “Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred.” A. Indulgently B. Vacantly C. Forlornly D. Menacingly 44. By constantly referring to such thing as filth and choking stink, the author seeks to create a tone that arouses a feeling of _. A. disgust wit
41、h the dirt B. horror at the injustice C. revolting at the foul odor D. relief that this happened long ago 45. Despite their intense pain and suffering, the Black men found a small measure of comfort in _. A. their exercise periods on deck B. the breathtaking ocean scenery C. their conversations with
42、 the Black women D. their conversations with one another Passage 2 Large, multinational, corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighb
43、orhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years
44、of economic growth, and 189 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own. Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, of
45、ten fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeepe
46、r and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study
47、of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they al
48、ready were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked 参考答案圣才考研网所有，侵权必究！圣才考研网：with the same product or service in their last jobs. Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early
