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    1、00:16.90The night before I was heading for Scotland,来苏格兰(做 TED 讲演)的前夜,00:19.05I was invited to host the final of “Chinas Got Talent“ show in Shanghai 我被邀请去上海做”中国达人秀“决赛的评委。00:25.54with the 80,000 live audience in the stadium.在装有八万现场观众的演播厅里,00:29.42Guess who was the performing guest? 在台上的表演嘉宾居然是?00:31

    2、.79Susan Boyle. 苏珊大妈00:35.40And I told her, “Im going to Scotland the next day.“我告诉她, “我明天就要启程去苏格兰。 ”00:37.81 She sang beautifully, and she even managed to say a few words in Chinese.她唱得很动听,还对观众说了几句中文,00:45.78 Chinese So its not like “hello“ or “thank you,“ that ordinary stuff. 她并没有说 “你好”或者“谢谢”常套话00

    3、:51.89It means “green onion for free.“她说的是“送你葱” 。00:55.04 Why did she say that? 为什么?00:59.45Because it was a line from our Chinese parallel Susan Boyle 这句话其实来源于中国版的“苏珊大妈”01:02.78a 50-some year-old woman, a vegetable vendor vend 小贩 in Shanghai, 一位五十岁的以卖菜为生01:07.36who loves singing Western opera, 却对西方

    4、歌剧有出奇爱好的上海中年妇女01:09.97but she didnt understand any English or French or Italian, 这位中国的苏珊大妈并不懂英文 法语或意大利文01:13.32so she managed to fill in the lyrics 歌词 with vegetable names in Chinese. 所以她将歌剧中的词汇都换做中文中的蔬菜名,并且演唱出来01:17.92(Laughter) And the last sentence of Nessun Dorma 在她口中,歌剧图兰朵的最后一句便是“Song Ni Cong ”

    5、01:23.65 that she was singing in the stadium was “green onion for free.“ 当真正的英国苏珊大妈唱出这一句“中文的” 图兰朵时,01:29.86So as Susan Boyle was saying that, 80,000 live audience sang together. 全场的八万观众也一起高声歌唱,01:34.86That was hilarious hlers. 场面的确有些滑稽 。01:38.43So I guess both Susan Boyle and this vegetable vendor i

    6、n Shanghai belonged to otherness. 和这位上海的买菜农妇的确属于人群中的少数。01:45.70They were the least expected to be successful in the business called entertainment, 她们是最不可能在演艺界成功的01:50.16yet their courage and talent brought them through. 而她们的勇气和才华让她们成功了01:54.49 And a show and a platform gave them the stage to realize

    7、 their dreams 这个节目和舞台给予了她们一个实现个人梦想的机会02:00.10Well, being different is not that difficult. 这样看来,与众不同好像没有那么难02:06.03We are all different from different perspectives prspektv 视角. 从不同的方面审视,我们每个人都是不同的02:09.72But I think being different is good, 但是我想,与众不同是一件好事,02:12.47because you present a different point

    8、 of view. 因为你代表了不一样的观点02:13.98You may have the chance to make a difference. 你拥有了做改变的机会02:16.79My generation has been very fortunate to witness and participate 我这一代中国人很幸运的目睹并且参与02:21.47in the historic transformation of China that has made so many changes in the past 20, 30 years. 了中国在过去二三十年中经历的巨 变02:

    9、28.93I remember that in the year of 1990, 我记得 1990 年02:32.24when I was graduating from college, 当我刚大学毕业时02:34.57I was applying for a job in the sales department of the first five-star hotel in Beijing 我申请了当时北京的第一家五星级酒店的销售部门的工作 02:40.35Great Wall Sheraton - its still there. 长城喜来登酒店 这家酒店现在仍在北京02:42.58

    10、So after being interrogated nterget 审问 by this Japanese manager for a half an hour 当我被一位日本籍经理面试了一个半小时之后02:47.15 he finally said, “So, Miss Yang, do you have any questions to ask me?“ 他问到, “杨小姐,你有什么想问我的吗?”02:53.21I summoned smn 召集 my courage and poised 作好准备 and said, 我鼓起勇气,定定神然后问道02:57.29“Yes, but co

    11、uld you let me know, what actually do you sell?“ 您能告诉我销售部到底销售什么03:01.16I didnt have a clue what a sales department was about in a five-star hotel. 我对于五星级酒店的销售部的职责一点都摸不着头脑03:06.30That was the first day I set my foot into a five-star hotel. 那是我在五星级酒店的第一天03:10.80Around the same time, I was going throug

    12、h an audition dn 同时,我参加了一场公开选拔03:15.07the first ever open audition by national television in China 由中国中央电视台举办的史无前例的03:19.92with another thousand college girls. 和上千名大学女生03:23.75The producer told us they were looking for some sweet, innocent and beautiful fresh face. 制作人告诉我们他们想找一位可爱,天真,美丽的新面孔03:28.96S

    13、o when it was my turn, I stood up and said, 当轮到我时,我站起来说道03:33.50“Why do womens personalities on television always have to be beautiful, sweet, innocent 为什么女孩在电视上必须是漂亮,甜美,无邪的03:40.10and, you know, supportive? Why cant they have their own ideas and their own voice?“ 像个花瓶?为什么她们不能有她们的想法,她们自己的声音?03:45.82

    14、I thought I kind of offended them. 我想我一定得罪了评委03:50.56But actually, they were impressed by my words. 事实上,我的发言给他们留下了深刻的印象03:54.99And so I was in the second round of competition, and then the third and the fourth. 接下来我进入了第二轮的选拔,然后是第三轮,第四轮03:58.41After seven rounds of competition, I was the last one to

    15、survive it. 在经过七轮的选拔后,我胜出了04:02.19So I was on a national television prime-time show. 成为了一个国家电视台黄金时段节目的主持人04:06.28And believe it or not, that was the first show on Chinese television 不管你们相不相信,那是中国电视上第一个节目04:10.72that allowed its hosts to speak out of their own minds without reading an approved script

    16、. 可以允许主持人自由发挥而不是去读审查后的稿子04:18.37 (Applause) And my weekly audience at that time was between 200 to 300 million people. 这个节目的观众人数高达两到三亿04:26.98Well after a few years, I decided to go to the U.S. and Columbia University to pursue my postgraduate studies, 几年后,我决定去美国哥伦比亚大学读研04:34.43and then started my o

    17、wn media company, 之后我有了自己的传媒公司04:36.16which was unthought of during the years that I started my career. 这是在我刚毕业的时候想都不敢想的04:42.09So we do a lot of things. 我和我的团队做了很多事情04:44.69 Ive interviewed more than a thousand people in the past. 在过去的这些年,我采访了上千人04:46.12And sometimes I have young people approaching

    18、 me say, 有时候有年轻人走过来对我说04:49.41 “Lan, you changed my life,“ and I feel proud of that. 杨澜,你改变了我的生活。我也为此而自豪04:51.56But then we are also so fortunate to witness the transformation of the whole country. 接下来我们一起见证了中国更多的变化04:58.20I was in Beijings bidding for the Olympic Games. 我参与了北京申奥05:00.36I was repres

    19、enting the Shanghai Expo. 出席了上海世博会05:04.04I saw China embracing the world and vice versa 反之亦然 . 我看到中国拥抱世界,世界接纳中国05:07.37But then sometimes Im thinking, what are todays young generation up to? 但是有时候我在想,当今的年轻人追求什么05:14.91How are they different, and what are the differences they are going to make to sh

    20、ape the future of China, or at large, the world? 他们有什么不同?他们如何去创造中国的未来,往大了说,世界的未来05:25.93So today I want to talk about young people through the platform of social media. 今天我想讲讲在社交媒体这个大舞台上的年轻人05:29.22First of all, who are they? 他们是谁?05:30.58What do they look like? 他们是怎样的?05:32.74Well this is a girl ca

    21、lled Guo Meimei - 20 years old, beautiful. 这个二十岁左右的漂亮女孩叫郭美美。05:36.33She showed off her expensive bags, clothes and car on her microblog, which is the Chinese version of Twitter. 她在中国版的推特- 微博上炫耀她拥有的昂贵的手包,衣服,车子05:45.59And she claimed to be the general manager of Red Cross at the Chamber of Commerce. 她

    22、自称是红十字商会的经理05:50.82She didnt realize that she stepped on a sensitive nerve and aroused national questioning, 她没有意识到她踩到了一根敏感的神经,引起了全民质疑05:56.82almost a turmoil, against the credibility 可信用 of Red Cross. 近乎骚动,质疑红十字公信力06:04.24The controversy 争论 was so heated that the Red Cross had to open a press confe

    23、rence to clarify it, 如此激烈的质问使得红十字会不得不召开记者招待会进行澄清06:10.12and the investigation is going on. 并且伴随着调查的展开06:12.43So far, as of today, we know that she herself made up that title 至此,我们知道是她自己编造的头衔06:17.58probably because she feels proud to be associated with charity. 大概是觉得和慈善有关事件有面子的事情06:21.66All those ex

    24、pensive items were given to her as gifts by her boyfriend, 所有的奢侈品都是她的男朋友送给她的06:27.07who used to be a board member in a subdivision of Red Cross at Chamber of Commerce 她男朋友曾经是红十字下属商会的 董事成员06:32.69Its very complicated to explain. 这个关系解释起来太复杂了06:35.27But anyway, the public still doesnt buy it. It is st

    25、ill boiling. 但是不管怎么说,公众不买账。这个话题始终为街头巷尾热议06:40.86It shows us a general mistrust of government or government-backed institutions, which lacked transparency in the past. 这件事揭示了公众对于缺乏透明度的政府及政府机构普遍的不信任06:46.06 And also it showed us the power and the impact of social media as microblog. 同时也表现出社交媒体(微博)巨大的社

    26、会影响力06:55.81Microblog boomed in the year of 2010, 微博在 2010 火了起来06:59.62with visitors doubled and time spent on it tripled. 玩微博的人翻了一番,在微博的时间也是过去的三倍了07:04.07S, a major news portal, alone has more than 140 million microbloggers. 单单新浪这个主要的新闻门户网站就拥有 1.4 亿微博使用者07:10.28On Tencent, 200 million. 腾讯有两亿07:12.7

    27、7The most popular blogger - its not me - its a movie star, 首屈一指的微博,不是我,是一个电影明星07:17.57and she has more than 9.5 million followers, or fans. 她拥有超过 950 万粉丝07:22.34About 80 percent of those microbloggers are young people, under 30 years old. 大约百分之八十的微博使用者是三十岁以下的年轻人07:28.03And because, as you know, the

    28、traditional media is still heavily controlled by the government 如你所知,传统媒体依然由政府掌控 07:32.73social media offers an opening to let the steam out a little bit. 社交媒体给人们一个宣泄的小出口07:37.65But because you dont have many other openings, 因为没有更多的宣泄渠道07:40.78the heat coming out of this opening is sometimes very st

    29、rong, active and even violent.来自社交媒体的宣泄是强大的,积极的,甚至是暴力的07:48.06So through microblogging, we are able to understand Chinese youth even better. 通过微博我们可以更好的了解中国的年轻人。07:53.51So how are they different? First of all, most of them were born in the 80s and 90s, under the one-child policy. 他们有怎样的不同?首先他们中的大多数出

    30、生于独生子女政策开始实施的上世纪八九十年代08:01.48And because of selected abortionb:n 堕胎 by families who favored boys to girls, 因为很多家庭喜欢男孩多于女孩08:06.34now we have ended up with 30 million more young men than women. 现在我们年轻男性多于年轻女性近三千万08:11.26That could pose a potential danger to the society, but who knows; 这可能造成社会潜在的危险,可是

    31、谁知道呢08:19.04were in a globalized world, so they can look for girlfriends from other countries. 在这个全球化的时代,他们可以找别的国家的女孩做女朋友08:23.53Most of them have fairly good education. 他们中的大多数接受了很好的教育08:27.03The illiteracy rate in China among this generation is under one percent. 文盲率在这一代人低于百分之一08:31.76In cities, 8

    32、0 percent of kids go to college. 在城市,百分之八十的孩子进入大学08:35.15But they are facing an aging China with a population above 65 years old coming up with seven-point-some percent this year,但是老龄化问题也不容忽视,今年的统计显示超过六十五岁的人占总人口的百分之七,08:41.09 and about to be 15 percent by the year of 2030. 到 2030 年将达到百分之十五08:50.67An

    33、d you know we have the tradition that younger generations support the elders financially, and taking care of them when theyre sick. 你们知道在我们的传统文化中年轻人从经济上和医疗上来赡养老年人08:55.83So it means young couples will have to support four parents who have a life expectancy预期 of 73 years old.这就意味着年轻的夫妇要赡养四位平均寿命为七十三岁的

    34、老人09:04.59So making a living is not that easy for young people. 因此养家糊口对于年轻人并不是件轻松的事09:08.01College graduates are not in short supply. 大学毕业生并非供不应求09:10.91In urban areas, college graduates find the starting salary is about 400 U.S. dollars a month, while the average rent is above $500. 在城市,大学毕业生的起薪大约四

    35、百美元一个月,可是仅仅房租就要超过五百美元一个月09:21.33So what do they do? They have to share space - squeezed in very limited space to save money 这让他们怎么应对?他们不得不合租,为了省房租挤在逼仄的小房间里09:28.01and they call themselves “tribe of ants.“ 他们称自己为蚁族09:32.15And for those who are ready to get married and buy their apartment, 而对于那些将要结婚的并

    36、且准备买房的年轻人09:35.38they figured out they have to work for 30 to 40 years to afford their first apartment. 他们必须要工作三十到四十年才能负担起自己的第一套公寓09:40.92That ratio in America would only cost a couple five years to earn, 当对于美国人来说只需要五年就能负担得起09:46.41but in China its 30 to 40 years with the skyrocketing 价格飞涨 real esta

    37、te price. 但是面对中国奇高的房价却需要三十到四十年09:52.20Among the 200 million migrant workers, 60 percent of them are young people. 在两亿外来务工者中,有百分之六十的人是年轻人09:58.18They find themselves sort of sandwiched between the urban areas and the rural areas. 他们如同一块三明治被夹在城市和乡村中间10:03.25Most of them dont want to go back to the cou

    38、ntryside, but they dont have the sense of belonging. 大多数都不愿再回到乡下,但是他们在城市却没有归属感10:08.50They work for longer hours with less income, less social welfare. 超时工作,低薪,无法享受社会福利10:13.36And theyre more vulnerable to job losses, subject to inflation, 他们更容易失业,因受通货膨胀,10:18.57tightening loans from banks, apprecia

    39、tion of the renminbi, 银根紧缩,人民币升值的影响10:23.95or decline of demand from Europe or America for the products they produce. 他们生产的产品在欧美国家的需求量下降10:30.11Last year, though, an appalling incident in a southern OEM manufacturing compound in China: 去年,在南方某个 OEM 生产原地发生了骇人听闻的事件10:36.6013 young workers in their lat

    40、e teens and early 20s committed suicide, 十三个年纪在二十岁左右的工人自杀,10:42.16just one by one like causing a contagious disease. 一个接着一个的自杀仿佛感染了传染性疾病10:46.24But they died because of all different personal reasons. 虽然他们的自杀的原因各有不同10:49.88But this whole incident aroused a huge outcry 强烈抗议 from society about the iso

    41、lation, both physical and mental, of these migrant workers. 可是这个事件引起了巨大的社会舆论,对于外来务工人员在身体上,精神上的隔离11:00.08For those who do return back to the countryside, they find themselves very welcome locally, 对于那些回到乡下的打工者,他们受到了当地的热烈欢迎11:05.41because with the knowledge, skills and networks they have learned in th

    42、e cities, with the assistance of the Internet, 这是因为他们在城市中所学到的知识技能,在网络的帮助下11:11.11theyre able to create more jobs, upgrade local agriculture and create new business in the less developed market. 让他们能够创造更多的工作机会,提升当地的农业发展水平,在欠发达地区创造新的商机11:18.72So for the past few years, the coastal areas, they found th

    43、emselves in a shortage of labor.因此,在沿海地区发生了劳动力缺乏的问题11:25.14These diagrams show a more general social background. 这些图表展现出整体的社会背景。11:28.62The first one is the Engels coefficient, which explains that the cost of daily necessities has dropped its percentage all through the past decade, 第一张图片是恩格斯系数(食品支出占

    44、总消费支出的比例) ,可以看到在过去的十年中11:38.77in terms of family income, to about 37-some percent. 食物和生活必需品在家庭消费中的比例有所下降(37)11:43.18 But then in the last two years, it goes up again to 39 percent, indicating a rising living cost. 然后在过去的两年中,这项指数上升到 39,说明近两年中生活成本的攀升11:50.19The Gini coefficient has already passed the

    45、dangerous line of 0.4. 基尼系数早已越过了危险的 0.4 11:55.88Now its 0.5 - even worse than that in America - showing us the income inequality. 到达 0.5,这甚至高过了美国体现出极大的贫富差距12:03.28And so you see this whole society getting frustrated about losing some of its mobility. 所以我们才看到整个社会的失衡12:10.68And also, the bitterness an

    46、d even resentment 怨恨 towards the rich and the powerful is quite widespread. 同时, “仇富心态 ”也开始在整个社会蔓延12:17.55So any accusations of corruption or backdoor dealings between authorities or business would arouse a social outcry or even unrest. 任何与腐败和走后门相关的政府或商业丑闻的指控都会引发社会危机和不稳定12:27.40So through some of the

    47、 hottest topics on microblogging, 通过微博上很火的话题12:31.42 we can see what young people care most about. 我们可以看到年轻人的关注点12:34.59Social justice and government accountability kauntbiliti 责任 runs the first in what they demand. 社会公正和政府的公信力是他们首要需求的12:39.37For the past decade or so, a massive urbanization and dev

    48、elopment have let us witness a lot of reports on the forced demolition demlin of private property. 在过去的十年中,急速的城市化让民众读到太多强制私人住户拆迁的新闻12:52.89And it has aroused huge anger and frustration among our young generation. 这引发了年轻一代的愤怒和不理解12:57.67Sometimes people get killed, and sometimes people set themselves on fire to protest. 有时候,被拆迁的住户以自杀和自焚的方式来抗议 13:02.97 So when these incidents are reported more and more frequently on the Internet, people cry for the government to take actions to stop this. 当这些

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