1、12016 高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（3）阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Scientists in UK have grown a living human “brain“. The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system. They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions like Parkinsons disease.
2、 Professor Michael Coleman is leading the research program. He explained, “We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works. “The
3、 experiment involves changing cells from a cancer tumour (肿瘤）and making them behave like brain cells.Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions
4、which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said, “It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆).“The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Re
5、search Trust (HRT). The scientists predict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said，“We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them un
6、derstand the brain better and develop new drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research.“1. UK scientists grow a living human “brain“ in order to _.A. study the structure of human brain B. make use o
7、f living human cell system C. discover how human brain really works D. separate cells from a cancer tumour2. According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells _.A. will get finished as early as possible B. will make people discover dementiaC. will affect the brain growth in many waysD. will help to
8、treat some diseases in nerve system23. From the last paragraph，we can know that _A. the technique provided by HRT is immatureB. animal tests are no longer allowed by lawC. a million people suffer from brain diseasesD. the research program lacks financial support4. The text is intended to _.A. tell u
9、s about a breakthrough in medical researchB. introduce a research program in humans brainC. introduce the progress of drugs for dementiaD. tell us about health problem in nerve system【参考答案】14、CDDB【科普知识型-阅读理解】Housed in Milan, one of Europes dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vincis masterpiece The Last Sup
10、per still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church where the famous painting is on display.In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风 ) and airconditioning system to protect the
11、 painting from Milans polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two airquality monitors inside the church for a year to coll
12、ect samples from around painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, respectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. “Its a spectacular reduction， ” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very im
13、pressive.”Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around da Vincis painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantitie
14、s around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.3Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors skin can combine with dust i
15、n the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.Even previous restorations of the painting may pollute its surface, Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitt
16、ed from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.The researchers noted that their airsample analysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artwork and artefacts.1What does the underlined wor
17、d “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AThe smallest parts of a chemical substance.BThings dirtier than usual.CCertain types of gas.DExtremely small pieces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.2According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT _Afatty lipids from the
18、skin Btiny particles of the waxCbreath of the visitors Ddust in the air3According to the researchers, which of the following is NOT true of their airsample analysis?A. The airsample analysis was got by gathering air in the church for a year.BThe airsample analysis showed that the painting was comple
19、tely away from air pollution.CThe airsample analysis can be helpful for future studies protecting valuable artwork.DThe airsample analysis showed that the particulates around da Vincis painting were decreased successfully.4What can be the best title of the text?AHow to decrease levels of particulate
20、s effectivelyBThe famous painting da Vincis The Last SupperCKeeping air pollution from damaging da Vincis The Last SupperDHow to protect artwork in households【要点综述】保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达芬奇名画最后的晚餐受到空气污染的影响。虽采取了措施使教堂空气质量得到提高，但仍存在一些污染隐患。41D 词义猜测题。综合分析文章及该词所在句子，可推知该词意为“颗粒( 污染)物”。2C 细节理解题。根据文章信息可知，对名画 最后的晚餐带来污染
21、的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒及空气中的灰尘等。3B 细节理解题。从文章第一、二段可知，虽然教堂室内环境大为改善，但这幅伟大的画作仍受到各种污染物的威胁。4C 主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍如何保护达芬奇的名画最后的晚餐免受污染物的影响，故 C 项为标题最佳。阅读理解。In the fall of 1985. I was a bright-eyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court b
22、ench somewhere. Twenty-one years later I am later I am still a bright-eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college an the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she develope
23、d cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopt and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was
24、 fantastic-and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 81. Our home was a complete zoo-a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it bac
25、k to college full-time. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant talking as few as one class each semester.The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were
26、 times I wanted to quit, But I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my 5college degree！I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when youre look
27、ing at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when youre in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want wont arrive in your life on one day. Its a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.( ) 1. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was tobe A. a
28、 writer B. a teacher C. a judge D. a doctor( ) 2. Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?A. She wanted to study by herself.B. She fell in love and got married.C. She suffered from a serious illness.D. She decided to look after her grandma. ( ) 3. What can we learn about the aut
29、hor from Paragraphs 4 and 5?A. She was busy yet happy with her family life.B. She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.C. She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.D. She was too confused to make a correct choice.( ) 4. What dose the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A. Failure
30、 is the mother of success. B、Little by little, one goes far.C. Every coin has two sides. D、Well begun, half done.( ) 5.Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Caring and determine. B、Honest and responsible.C、Ambitious and sensitive. D、Innocent and single-minded.【文章大意】记叙文。文章介绍了作者取得本科学位
31、的过程中做的事情。1.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的 aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere.，可知答案为 C。2.D 细节理解题。根据文章 I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.可知答案。63.A 推理判断题，由 You can imagine how full
32、y occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8. Our home was a complete zoo-a joyous zoo. 作者需要养育 4 个儿女，同时还要坚持学习的梦想， joyous 可见作者在感到家庭是忙碌而幸福的。4.B 推理判断题。根据 Everything you want wont arrive in your life on one day. Its a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.可以看出作者的学习是在循序渐进，千里之行始
33、于足下，最终才取得学位的。Little by little ,one goes far.与之符合。5.A 推理判断题。通过全文作者照顾祖母和照顾家庭，可以看出作者 Caring；通过作者坚持不懈的学习，最终拿到学位，可以看出作者的决心 determine，选 A。短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写
34、出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Christine was just a girl in one of my classes. I never knew much about her except for that she was strange. She didnt talk many. Her hair was black and purple, and she worn black sports shoes and a black sweater, although in the summer. She was
35、, in fact, rather attractively, and she never seemed care what the rest of us thought about her. Like the rest of my classmate, I didnt really want to get closed to her. It was only when we did their chemistry project together that I begin to understand why Christine dressed the way she did . 【参考答案】
36、4.试题分析：本文叙述了作者的同学 Christine 在大家的眼里是非常奇怪的一个人，她穿着奇怪的服装，话语不多，也不在乎别人对她的看法，可就在作者与她进行一次化学的合作项目时，才理解为什么她总是把自己打扮成那个样子。【小题 1】考查短语。句意：除了她是非常的奇怪，我对她了解不多。except for +名词或7代词，不跟句子，所以应去掉 for，except that+句子。【小题 2】考查固定短语。句意：她的话语不多。这里用来修饰动词用 much， many 修饰可数名词。【小题 3】考查动词。句意：她穿着黑色的运动鞋。worn 是 wear 的过去分词，它的过去式是 wore，这里短文
37、叙述的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去式。【小题 4】考查副词。句意：她穿着黑色的运动鞋及黑色的毛衣，甚至实在夏天。although后跟句子，even 是副词，后可跟介词短语。【小题 5】考查形容词。句意：她实际上很招人喜欢的。attractively 是副词；attractive 是形容词，在这里作表语。【小题 6】考查动词短语。句意：她从不考虑其他的人是怎样看她的。这里是 seemed to do似乎做某事。【小题 7】考查名词。句意：像我的其他同学一样我真地不想接近她。classmate 是单数；classmates 是复数，因为 the rest of+可数名词的复数，故用 classma
38、tes。【小题 8】考查固定短语。句意：像我的其他同学一样我真地不想接近她。get close to sb接近某人。是固定短语。【小题 9】考查代词。句意：就在我们在一起做化学项目时，我才真正地理解她为什么打扮成那样。这里 their 他们的；our 我们的。形容词性物主代词应该与主语 we 一致，所以用our。【小题 10】考查动词。句意：就在我们在一起做化学项目时，我才真正地理解她为什么打扮成那样。根据前面的谓语动词 was 与 did 可知这里叙述的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去式 began。考点：短文改错。点评：文中考查了固定短语，代词、形容词、副词及动词等的用法及意义，需要考生有扎实
39、的基础知识并能正确理解短文的内容，还需要会分析复杂的句子结构进而判断用该词的什么形式。短文改错 共 10 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 10 分假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中8共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（A )，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（ )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线（一） ，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。Time flies as an arrow. I
40、m already in Grade 3 after I realize it. It is only a little more than seven months before I graduated from our school. At the present, Im busy review my lessons in order to take the college entrance examinations. I hope attend Beijing University, that is considered to be one of the best. Most of my
41、 classmate are studying very hard to realize our dreams. I do believe everyone will be able to enter a very well university.【参考答案】5.as like afterbefore graduatedgraduate at the present -the 去掉 reviewreviewing hope 后加 to thatwhich classmateclassmates our their well-good6.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写
42、的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about a shocked incident that happened in Beijing Zoo in the afternoon of Feb 23rd. 9I was visiti
43、ng the zoo that afternoon while I heard bears roaring terribly. I hurried to the place where the bears lived at. I saw the black bear badly injured and one of them roll on the ground painfully. It was hurt too serious to move a foot. The people around was shocked, angry and blaming the wrongdoer. I
44、learned that was a student from a famous university in Beijing who caused the trouble. He pulled sulfur and acid onto the bears or pretending to feed them. What an shame! Animals are our friends and something must be done to prevent them from being injured.Sincerely YoursLi Hua【参考答案】6.Dear Editor,Im
45、 writing to tell you about a shocked incident that happened in Beijing shockingZoo in the afternoon of Feb 23rd. onI was visiting the zoo that afternoon while I heard bears roaring terribly. I whenhurried to the place where the bears lived at. I saw the black bear badly injured which bearsand one of
46、 them roll on the ground painfully. It was hurt too serious to rolling seriouslymove a foot. The people around was shocked, angry and blaming the wrongdoer.were I learned that was a student from a famous university in 加 itBeijing who caused the trouble. He pulled sulfur and acid onto the bears or 去掉 orpretending to feed them. What an shame! Animals are our friends and something must be done to10aprevent them from being injured.Sincerely YoursLi Hua略
