1、2018 年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之短文改错2018 年高考短文改错【2018全国 I】短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的次。删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；(2).只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 l1 处起）不计分。71. During my last winter holiday, I went to coun
2、tryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also Iwent here again,they
3、had a big separnte house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two ye
4、ars, but he agreed.【答案】During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise d
5、ozens of . They also had a small pond they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻
6、，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。1. countryside 前加 the 考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词 the。2. find 改成 found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的 During my last winter holiday 可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将 find 改成 found。3. another 改成 other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将 another 改成 other。4. here 改成 there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将
7、here 改成 there。5. chicken 改成 chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的 dozens of 可知，其后用名词复数形式。7. sell 改成 selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词 by后用动名词，故用 selling。8. happily 改成 happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将 happily 改成 happy。9. 删除 for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有 every，each，last 等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除 for。10
8、. but 改成 and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将 but 改成 and。点睛：本文中第 9 处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each， last，this，that 等词修饰时，其前不用介词。例：We are going to fish this morning.I finished the course last winter holiday.【2018 全国 II】短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或
9、修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；(2).只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。71. When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoo
10、ns, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my pare
11、nts taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would
12、 not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作
13、为一个孩子”，a 用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the 表示特指。故把 the 改为 a。第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片） 。用不定式表示目的。故把 watching 改为 watch。第五处：考查情态动词。would 后跟动词原形，故把 to 删除。第六处：考查代词。句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我” 说，前面提到的 I，而不是 we。故把 us 改为 me。第七处：考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth.意为“ 不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在 unwilling 前加 was。
14、第八处：考查介词。play the games with sb.表示“和某人一块玩游戏 ”，故把 for 改为 with。第九处：考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把 are 改为 were。第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把 where 改为 when。点晴：名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。 “the Party members（
15、党员） ”中，名词定语表示 members 的性质；“the Partys calls（党的号召） ”中，Party 具有动作发出者的作用， calls 虽然是名词，却具有动作的含义。a student teacher 实习教师，a students teacher 一位学生的老师。【2018 全国 III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写
16、出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous
17、and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well.“ Immediate, I raised my
18、hand.【答案】【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是 had done，所以 begin 要改为 begun。第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为 was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以 wait 要用非谓语 waiting，表伴随。第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把 and 改为 or。第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth 渴望做某事，故 eager
19、 后加 to。第五处：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的” 用 my 不用myself，或改为定冠词 the 也可以。第六处：考查固定结构。be afraid to do 害怕做某事，所以 that 为多余，删掉。第七处：考查比较级。句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思，故把larger 改为 large。第八处：考查主谓一致。that 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数 includes。第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把 immediate 改为immediately。【点睛】此题中
20、的难点为非谓语动词的考查，如第二处错误，第五处错误，第二处解答时要分析句子结构，根据句中是否有谓语，连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语，再根据句子主语 everyone，与 wait 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查 be afraid to do 这一短语。2018 高考模拟题【吉林省长春市 2018 届高三年级四模】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。修改: 在
21、错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改 10 处，多者( 从第 11 处起) 不计分。Dear Joy,How are you doing? Here is an exciting news for you. There will be an invention competition in our school in the 20th of October. However, there is a rule the participants shall be in a group. But Id like to invite yo
22、u to be my partners.I know that you have been longed to design a tiny cooler that people can wear around the wrist. I think it will be a wonderfully idea for the competition. We can make a small air conditioner to controlling the temperature of the wearer.How do you think of my suggestion? Looking f
23、orward to you reply.Yours,Zhang Xin【答案】【解析 】这是一封邮件。邮件内容是张鑫想邀请 Joy 做搭档一起参加学校的发明比赛，设计一个小型空调。第一处：考查冠词。news 是不可数名词，不可以用不定冠词修饰。所以把冠词an 删掉。第二处：考查介词。the 20th of October 是具体时间，所以介词用 on。第三处：考查关系代词。这是一个定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词是物，所以用关系代词 that。第四处：考查连词。前一句说“有一个规则是参与者应该在一个组中 ”，后一句说“我想邀请你做我的搭档” ，前后句存在因果关系，所以要把 But 改为 So。第
24、九处：考查疑问代词。固定句型 what do you think of.你认为怎么样？所以这里把 How 改为 What。第十处：考查物主代词。名词 reply 前面应该是形容词性物主代词，所以把 you 改为your。【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学 2018 届高三联考】短文改错（共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修
25、改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not”. None of us, therefore, can completely avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste was thoughtless, whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited
26、natural resource, our money, or other peoples time. Each of us can become more aware of and careful. The smallest good habits can make the big difference. Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world what is in serious trouble. By focusing on oil, water, paper, food or c
27、lothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding us that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage done to our land is fair recent in the history of our evolution. Its time for us to say no to waste so that our grandchildren
28、s children will able to develop well.【答案】【解析】试题分析：本文讲述的是关于生活中的浪费问题及应该采取的措施。1.考查连接副词。句意：我们中的许多人都是这样说的：“不浪费，不需要”。 然而，我们没有人能完全避免生活中的浪费。前后句是一种转折关系，故把 therefore 改成 however。2.考查时态。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。这里在讲述一种客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故把 was 改成 is。3. 考查名词复数。句意：任何一种浪费都是轻率的，无论
29、我们是在浪费我们的潜能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的金钱，还是其他人的时间。resource（资源） ，是可数名词，这里要用名词复数形式，故把 resource 改成 resources。4.考查形容词作表语。句意：我们每个人都能变得更加清醒和谨慎。become 是连系动词，后面用形容词做表语，故把 of 去掉。5.考查固定搭配。固定搭配：make a big difference 产生很大的不同，有很大影响。故把 the改成 a。【湖北省襄阳四中 2018 届高三 5 月第四次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，
30、每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删减：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改 10 处, 多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Hearing a news that the 2022 Winter Olympics would be hold in China, I felt very excited. It struck to me how I learned skating when I was a chi
31、ld. At 7, I began to go crazy about skating, like all my friend. At the beginning, it extremely tough for me to keep my balance. I always fall over on the ground, as a result of which I thought I had no talent for skating. So I gradually lost confidence and became impatient. The more impatient I was
32、, the more terrible I did. I was about to give up while my father came to my assistance. Encouraged by her, I restored confidence and stood up again. As I practiced skating, he always created a relaxed atmosphere and put forward some specific advice. Eventually, I made it.【答案】a news 改成 the news hold
33、 改成 held struck to 中去掉 to friend 改成 friendsextremely 前加 was fall 改成 fell terrible 改成 terribly while 改成 whenher 改成 him relaxed 改成 relaxing4.考查名词复数。根据 all 可知后面的名词用复数形式，故把 friend 改成 friends。5.考查谓语动词。句意：刚开始我很难保持我的平衡。tough（困难的） ，是形容词，句子没有谓语动词，又是指过去的事情，故在 extremely 前加 was。6.考查时态。这里是在谈作者刚开始学滑冰时，所以应该用一般过去时态
34、，故把 fall 改成 fell。7.考查副词。副词修饰动词 did，故把 terrible 改成 terribly。8.考查固定句式。be about to do sth.-when-，正要做某事-，这时候- ，故把 while 改成 when。9.考查代词。根据 my father 可知把 Encouraged by her,中的 her 改成 him。10.考查现在分词。句意：他总是创造一个令人放松的氛围。故把 relaxed 改成 relaxing。【点睛】与并列连词 when 相关的句式归纳1 be (just) about to do. when. She was just abo
35、ut to say something more when she noticed the sullen look on his face她刚要再说些什么， 却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。 2 be (just) on the point of doing sth when They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship 就在他们快要放弃努力时， 船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。 3 be going to do when He was going to ru
36、n away， when the policemen came 他正打算逃跑， 警察突然出现了。4 be doing sth when The children are playing football on the playground， when it began to rain 孩子们正在操场上踢足球， 突然下起了大雨。 5 be busy doing. when I was busy doing my homework when one of my classmates came 我正忙着做作业， 这时我的一个同学来找我。 6 had （just) done. when I had j
37、ust gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang 在劳累了一天之后， 我刚要上床睡觉， 这时电话响了。 7 had not done. when. I hadnt walked a few steps when I realized that he asked for the direc-tion to my office building我还没走出去几步远， 突然意识到他问的是去办公大楼的方向。 8 be + 介词短语 + when He was on his way to a lecture when a tourist s
38、topped him and asked him for directions在他去听课的路上， 一名游客拦住他问路。【河南省郑州市 2018 届高三下学期第三次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误 ,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。In the past two
39、 years, our school had organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”. In an autumn afternoon, we went to the farm, where we learned to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for such a long time, we are so happy to go to the countryside. After we got t
40、here, we were divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug hole, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes, put the earth back and pushed them down hard. We were all busy working as all the work was done. Though we were tired out, we
41、felt pleased on our way back to home.【答案】【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述和同学们参加学校组织的一次到农场种土豆的活动。1. 考查谓语动词的时态。时间状语“in the past two years”用于现在完成时，不用过去完成时，故把 had 改为 has。2. 考查非谓语。句意：我印象最深的是一个叫“学习农场”的活动。分析句子 What impressed me most was an activity calling “Learning to Farm”可知，本句的 calling “Learning to Farm”作定语修饰名词 an activ
42、ity。an activity 被称为“Learning to Farm”，二者是被动关系，要用过去分词作定语。故把 calling 改为 called。3. 考查介词。句意：一个秋天的下午，我们去了一个农场，在那里我们学会了种植土豆。an autumn afternoon 一个秋天的下午。在确定的某一天的上下午要用介词 on，而 in 一般用在不确定的某一月、年等。如 in July，in 1980 等。本句中是“一个秋天的下午” ，确定的时间要用 on，故 In 改为 On。4. 考查冠词。根据文章内容可知，本句中的农场是第一次提到，而且指的是数量“一”，所以不用 the，故把 the 改
43、为 a。5. 考查谓语动词的时态。本文主要讲述我们去农场时的事，要用一般过去时，故把 are 改为 were。6. 考查连词。句意：到那里后，我们分成三组，然后开始工作。we were divided into three groups 和 we started to work. 是两个句子，必须有连词。分析内容可知，二者是并列的，故在两句之间添加 and。7. 考查名词的复数。根据内容可知，是挖了好多洞，才可以放入许多土豆片。故把 hole 改为 holes。8. 考查代词。句意：一些学生把土豆切成片，一些人挖一些洞，其他人把土豆片放进洞里，后再把土盖回去，并把土培结实。这里的 them 指
44、代前面提到的 earth，earth 为不可数名词，没有复数，故把 them 改为 it。9. 考查连词辨析。根据文章内容可知，我们一直工作，直到做完所有的工作。until 或 till表示“ 一直到 ”， as 做连词表示 “当. 时候；因为”，故把 as 改为 until/till。10. 考查固定用法。句意：虽然我们累了，在回家的路上我们感到很高兴。on ones way home 为固定搭配，意为“在某人回家的路上”，因为 home 为副词，前面不加介词 to，故要删除 to。【点睛】短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它能全面地考查学生对语言的评价与校正能力以及对词
45、汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力。词法上考查：动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词及情态动词的用法等。如第 2 小题的非谓语中的现在分词、过去分词的误用等。如第 1 小题误用过去完成时，第 5 小题误用一般现在时。 名词、代词的数、格。名词的主要考点涉及名词的单复数变化（如第 7 小题） ，可数名词和不可数名词混用（如第 8 小题）等。 形容词、副词的比较等级。 主谓语一致及其他的一致关系。连词、关系词的使用等。句法上，主要涉及到简单句否定、疑问、倒装、省略、替代等变化。行文逻辑上，主要涉及人物的性别及与之相对应的物主代词、句意的并列与转折、时间的顺序、数量的增减以及因果的倒置等。如第 9 小题的连词运
46、用不恰当等。特别提示：在做题时，首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。要整句理解，逐行分析。单独检查全篇的动词、连词、名词、冠词、代词等，这些都是容易出错的地方，也是常考查的知识点。最后记住切忌改动原文的意思，一定要在看懂原文的基础上改错，以保持原意为原则。【河北省石家庄市第二中学 2018 届高三仿真模拟（一） 】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（） ，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出
47、修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Dear Mr. Li,Im Wangtao. Im written to tell you my opinion about employing a foreign language teacher.They are two factors to take into consider. For a thing, the sense of humor is necessary for a teacher, who makes his class interesting and livel
48、y. For another, ensure efficiency in teaching and learning, the foreigners ability to speak Chinese matters much, so only with the help of Chinese can they communicate with each other smoothly.Various of activities out of class, such as English Evening and English Corner, should be organized by the
49、foreign language teacher, which brings the students more chances to communicate with the teacher and improve his oral English.【答案】1. writtenwriting2. opinionopinions3. TheyThere4. considerconsideration5. aone6. whowhich7. ensure 前加 to8. sobecause/as9.去掉 of 或 VariousVarieties10. theirhis【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍了作者对关于聘请外语教师的意见。1. 考查动词。句意：我正在写信去说一说关于聘请外语教师的意见。与主语 I 是主动关系，时态用现在进行时，故 written 改为 writing。2. 考查名词。名词 opinion 是可数名词，在下文中谈到了几种意见，所以要用复数形式，故 opinion 改为 opinions。8.考查连词。
