1、Unit 3 Back to the past(对应学生用书第 56 页).写作单词会拼写1flee vt.& vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 2ruin n. 废墟；毁坏vt. 破坏，毁灭3ahead adv. (时间、空间 )在前面；提前，预先；领先4found vt. 兴建，创建5erupt vi. (火山等)爆发.拓展单词能辨别1judge v. 判断；审判n. 法官，审判员；裁判员judgement n. 判断；判决2decorate vt. 装饰，装潢decoration n. 装饰，装饰品3declare vt. 宣布，宣称declaration n. 宣告；宣言；申报4educa
2、te vt. 教育education n. 教育，培养educator n. 教育者，教育家5aware adj. 意识到的；察觉到的awareness n. 认识，意识6remain v. 遗留，剩余；继续存在remaining adj. 剩余的 remains n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸7fortune n. 运气fortunate adj. 幸运的unfortunate adj. 不幸的，遗憾的8express vt. 表达；表示expression n. 表达；表情，神色9wood n. 木头wooden adj. 木制的10poison n. 毒药，毒物vt. 毒害，下毒poisonou
3、s adj. 有毒的11destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁destruction n. 破坏，毁灭destructive adj. 破坏性的，毁灭性的12explode vi. 爆炸explosion n. 爆炸，爆发13culture n. 文化cultural adj. 文化的14wealth n. 财富，财产wealthy adj. 富有的，富裕的15gradual adj. 渐渐的，逐渐的gradually adv. 逐渐地，渐渐地.阅读单词要识记1extreme adj. 极度的；极端的2ceremony n. 仪式，典礼3audience n. 观众，听众4disaster n.
4、灾难5material n. 材料；物质adj. 物质的6statue n. 雕像；雕塑7commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的8volcano n. 火山9leather n. 皮革10glory n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1Under the pressure of the public，the had to change his at last；the murderer was sentenced to death.(judge)2It is time someone made him of the effects of his actions.If
5、 so，he can gradually raise public moral (aware)3He got a little because of poverty，so he always his children to value the chance of study.(educate)4Due to the hurricane，lots of villages and crops were and many people were left homeless.(destroy)【答案】 1.judge；judgement 2.aware ；awareness 3.education；e
6、ducates 4.destructive； destroyed高频短语会默写1take over 夺取；接管2turn out 结果是3break down 分解；失败；崩溃；抛锚4be divided into 被划分为5on exhibition 展出，展览6carry out 执行，贯彻，完成7in memory of 纪念8no doubt 无疑，确实9rise up against 起义，反抗10stand in ones path 阻碍(某人 )11come down with 患(病)12have enough of 对感到厌烦语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1Miss S
7、mith is leaving to get married and Miss Jones will the class.2Columbia，as can be easily guessed，was named Columbus，who discovered America in 1492，even though he never actually set foot on the land.3He has a bad temper and will not listen to anybody，so youd better not 4I a cold that forced me to slow
8、 down my training. 046】5Theres that the 3D technology can print a variety of items that traditional manufacturing cant make.6When the car on the highway for a third time，Johns patience completely ran out.7It is more difficult to a plan than to think one out.Just as you know，saying is one thing and d
9、oing another.8Im surprised that you havent him，yet I found him very boring.【答案】 1.take over 2.in memory of 3.stand in his path 4.came down with 5.no doubt 6.broke down 7.carry out 8.had enough of联想拓展1 “走”遍天下wander vi.漫步；闲逛pace v踱步；缓慢而行crawl v爬行；匍匐行进march v行军，进军rush v冲；奔；闯walk v散步2 “演讲，报告”一起听speech 报
10、告；演讲report 报告lecture 演讲，讲座address 演讲，致辞3 “仪式”面面观opening ceremony 开幕式closing ceremony 闭幕式wedding ceremony 结婚典礼funeral(ceremony)葬礼celebration 庆典feast/banquet 宴会4 “纪念；记忆”相关词memory n 记忆；记忆力memorize v 记忆，记住memorial n 纪念碑monument n 纪念碑5 “under n.”短语荟萃under protection 受保护under consideration 在考虑中under const
11、ruction 在建造中under control 在控制中under discussion 在讨论中under guarantee 在保修期内6 “non.”短语小结no doubt 无疑，确实no wonder 难怪no way 没门，不行no hurry 不急，勿慌no problem 没问题no surprise 毫无意外教材原句会背诵 句式仿写能应用1.介词短语位于句首引起的全部倒装Near the city was a volcano.1.邻桌坐着一个等人的漂亮姑娘。At the next table waiting for someone.2.动名词的复合结构The desert
12、 was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a pity！2.我们队有赢得比赛的希望吗？Is there any hope of ？3.with 的复合结构In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1，177 men on board.3.她眼中含着眼泪说了声再见。She said goodbye .【答案】 1.was/sat a pretty girl 2.ou
13、r team winning the match 3.with tears in her eyes(对应学生用书第 58 页)精讲 4 个考纲单词ruin n. C(pl.)废墟，遗迹；U毁坏，毁灭，崩溃 vt. 破坏，毁灭；使破产教材原句 A scholar from the local cultural institute，Professor Zhang，told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.当地文化研究所的一
14、位学者张教授告诉我们，大约在 1900年，欧洲探险家斯文海定发现了楼兰王国的遗址。(1)in ruins 成为废墟(2)fall/come into ruin 被破坏了，被毁了be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟be ruined by 被破坏When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.(2016 年北京高考 阅读理解 B)当他们第二天回到 Rockaway 的时候，他们发现他们的社区成了一片废墟。Many ancient sculptures fell int
15、o ruin after the flood.洪灾过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。remains n 遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物教材原句 Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand， together with a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings.斯文发现了埋于沙下的建筑遗迹以及许多宝藏，包括钱币、带有画的壶、像丝绸这样的布料、文献以及壁画。(1)remain v
16、留下；仍然是remainadj./n./p.p/prep. 保持remain to be done 有待于被做(2)remaining adj. 剩余的It remains to be seen(see) whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true.我们学校将建一个新图书馆的消息是否真实还有待证实。 047】The guests came in，but she remained seated(seat) at the desk reading.客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。名师点津 (1
17、)当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把 remaining 放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而 left 常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。(2)remain 多用作系动词， 后常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式的被动形式。aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的教材原句 In many cases，his questions made his students aware of their own errors.在很多情况下，他的问题使他的学生意识到自己的错误。(1)be aware that. 知道；意识到be/become aware of 知道/意识到as far as I am aware
18、 就我所知make sb.aware of 使某人意识到(2)awareness n. 认识，意识As far as I am aware，the invitations to the party have all been sent.就我所知，派对的邀请函已经全部发出了。However， it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.然而，因为无论选择什么样的生活方式每个人都面临着空气污染，所以意
19、识到这些危险是重要的。Health officials have tried to raise awareness(aware) about AIDS among teenagers.卫生部门努力提高青少年对艾滋病的认识。链接写作 一句多译这项运动旨在使人们认识到被动吸烟的危害。The campaign aims to make people aware of the dangers of passive smoking.(aware)The campaign aims to raise peoples awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.(
20、awareness)judge n 法官 ，审判员；裁判员 v判断；审判；裁判教材原句 At his trial，he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions.在审讯中，他问法官更多的问题来为自己辩护。(1)judge.from/by. 根据来判断judge sb./sth.to be. 判断某人/事是 so/as far as I can judge 依我判断(2)judging by/from. 根据来判断The book，as far as I can judge，is remarkably accurate.就我
21、看来，这本书内容相当准确。According to what he said，we can judge him to be(be) an optimistic boy.根据他所说的话，我们可以判断他是一个乐观的男孩。Judging(judge) from the response of the audience，the performance was quite a success.从观众的反应看来，这次演出相当成功。名师点津 judging from/by 常看作是固定短语，在句子中一般作状语，judging 不能换成 judged。诠释 3 个核心短语take over 夺取，占据；接替；
22、接管教材原句 In 89 BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.公元前 89 年，罗马人占据了庞贝。take up 拿起；占用；开始(从事)take off 起飞；脱掉(衣服等) ；开始获得成功take in 吸收；欺骗；理解take down 记录下来；拆除take on 承担；呈现；雇用He took off my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.他脱掉我湿漉漉的靴子，让我在火炉旁坐下。With economy recovering，more and more workers are taken on随着经济的恢复，越来
23、越多的工人受到雇用。Glenn has taken up pottery.格伦已经开始从事陶艺事业了。in memory of 纪念教材原句 In memory of the Americans who died in the attack，a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor just above the remains of the Arizona.为了纪念在这次突袭中死去的美国人，在珍珠港人们在沉没的亚利桑那舰的遗址上建了一座国家纪念馆。in honour of 为了纪念in search of 寻找in need of 需要in f
24、avor of 赞同，有利于in charge of 负责，掌管in place of 代替Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.当有人需要帮助的时候，行动胜于言语。Mr.Brown is in charge of the company when the boss is out.老板不在时布朗先生掌管公司。The candidate stood aside in favor of a more suitable man.那位候选人退出竞选，把机会让给一位更合适的人。no doubt 无疑，确定高考佳句 My b
25、rothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house.(2016 年浙江高考 阅读理解 D)毫无疑问我的哥哥们记得一起打扫房屋的时光。(1)There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问There is some doubt whether. 怀疑是否without doubt 毫无疑问(2)dont doubt that. 不用怀疑doubt whether/if. 怀疑/不相信是否I doubt whether/if I can finish the work on time.我怀疑我能否按时完成工作。There
26、 is no doubt that this candidates advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.毫无疑问这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。Theres some doubt whether he has the ability to do the job.他是否有能力做这项工作有些疑问。名师点津 (1)当 doubt 用作名词时，在肯定句中用 whether(不可用 if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用 that 引导同位语从句。(2)当 doubt 用作 动词时，
27、在肯定句中用 whether 或 if 引导宾语从句；在否定句、疑问句中后跟 that 引导宾语从句。链接写作 句式升级(普通表达)Its certain that he will succeed.(高级表达) There is no doubt that he will succeed.(同位语从句)突破 2 个高考句型(教材 P43)The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a p
28、ity！这片沙漠曾经是绿树成荫的绿洲，但这些树被砍倒了，结果这座城市被沙尘埋了起来多么遗憾啊！本句是 but 连接的并列句，resulted in 后面的宾语 the city being buried by sand 是动名词的复合结构。city 与 bury 之间存在被动关系，故用 being buried。在动名词复合结构中，用普通格或所有格，一般遵循下列原则：(1)若动名词复合结构作主语，则其逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。(2)若动名词复合结构作宾语或表语，当其逻辑主语指人时，则该逻辑主语用普通格或所有格均可。(3)若动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的事物，则名词要用普通格。The acc
29、ident led to five people(s)being killed，including a child.这起事故导致五人丧生，包括一个孩子。Toms refusing to accept the invitation upset me.汤姆拒绝接受邀请让我很生气。The new evidence led to the thief being caught(catch)新证据导致小偷被捉住。(教材 P55)In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1，177 men on board在不到 9 分钟的时间里 ，船连同船上的 1 177 人都沉
30、了下去。with 1， 177 men on board 为 with 复合结构，即“with宾语宾语补足语” ，此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语。with宾语doing（ doing表 主 动 或 正 在 进 行 ）done（ done表 被 动 或 完 成 ）to do（ to do表 将 来 ， 常 用 主 动 形 式 表示 被 动 意 义 ）adj./adv.（ adj./adv.表 状 态 ）prep.（ phrase）n. )The child with only a shirt on was trembling with co
31、ld.只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring (stare) at him.全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更不自在了。He and another man are hiding in a small hut during a snowstorm with nothing to eat(eat)在暴风雪期间，他和另一个人被困在一个小木屋里，没有任何东西可吃。链接写作 句式升级 048】(普通表达)Because our lessons were over，we went out to play footba
32、ll.(高级表达 )With our lessons over，we went out to play football.(with 复合结构)(高级表达 )Our lessons over，we went out to play football.(独立主格结构)多角快练 练单词 练短语 练句型(对应学生用书第 60 页).单句语法填空1The judge (declare) that the young man was guilty of an attempted murder，while he himself insisted that he was innocent.2Huge are
33、as of rainforest are being (destroy)every year by human beings seeking quick profits.3Early to bed and early to rise makes one healthy， (wealth) and wise.4Having finished the work ahead time，they were given a long holiday.5In recent years，a great deal of rubbish (pour) into the river，which smells te
34、rrible.6I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an (express) of thanks for her taking good care of my grandpa in the nursing home.7The Chinese Communist Party (found) on July 1，1921.8His confidence built up (gradual) as he gained more and more experience in teaching.9The new mayor hadnt though
35、t so many people rose against him.10The research showed beyond doubt smoking contributes to heart disease.【答案】 1.declared 2.destroyed 3.wealthy 4of 5.has been poured 6.expression 7was founded 8.gradually 9.up 10.that.单句改错1I think there is one problem remains to be solved.2Judged from his expression，
36、we know that he is pleased with it.3During these years， I have had the chance explore many different places throughout the world.4The area was put under a government protection so it could be preserved and studied.5The paintings which are housed in the gallery are in great cultural value.6Sometimes
37、we are not consciously aware with these feelings.7After the earthquake I saw the whole town in ruin，but now everything has changed.8Unfortunate ，it rained heavily on Saturday，and I had to stay at home. 049】【答案】 1.remains remaining 2.Judged Judging 3.explore 前加 to 4.a the 5.第二个 in of 6.with of 7.ruin
38、 ruins 8.Unfortunate Unfortunately(对应学生用书第 61 页).课文语法填空根据 P42 课文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I felt lucky to have won a place to go on a cultural tour to sites of lost 1. (civilize). We visited Pompeii in Italy and Loulan in China, Pompeii 2. (found) in the 8th century BC，then taken 3. by the Roman
39、s in 89 BC. Later，Pompeii was destroyed by a volcano，which 4. (erupt)and covered Pompeii with ash. Unfortunately，many people were buried alive.The city was forgotten for many years 5. the 18th century a stone with 6. (write)on it was discovered by a farmer.People dug in the area and caused much dama
40、ge.Therefore，in 1860, the area was governed by the government so it could be preserved and studied.7 (different), Loulan disappeared under the sand.There were just a few ruins left. There was an ancient water system that ran through the middle of the city. The desert was once a green land with huge
41、trees, 8. later they were cut down, which resulted in the city 9. (bury) by sand.They both were important commercial cities about 2，000 years ago. 10. is a pity that they disappeared for ever.【答案】 1.civilizations 2.was founded 3.over 4.erupted 5.till/until 6.writing 7.Differently 8but 9.being buried
42、 10.It.写作改错双练根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1根据文献记载，古人兴建了很多著名的建筑物。(build)2有些仍然存在，有些逐渐成为废墟。(gradually，ruin)3为了纪念这些逝去的文明，有些已经重建或修复。(in memory of)4由于像沙尘暴这样的自然灾害，这些建筑遭受到很大的破坏。(disaster，sandstorm，destroy)5很多学者在寻找方法保护这些文化遗产。(solution，cultural，remains)6越来越多的人意识到这些文化遗产的意义并加入到保护它们的行列中。(be of抽象名词)第一步：练写作用适当的连
43、接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有 5 处语法错误，请帮他纠正过来。People in ancient times built many famous buildings.Unfortunately，some of them gradually fall in ruin when some remain today.In memory of these lost civilizations，some of which have been rebuilt or repaired.Because natural disasters like sandstor
44、ms，the remained buildings are greatly destroyed.Therefore，many researchers and scholars are looking for solutions to protect these cultural remains.To our delighted，more and more people are aware that the cultural relics are of great significance and join in protecting them.【答案】 People in ancient ti
45、mes built many famous buildings.Unfortunately，some of them gradually fall in ruin some remain whenwhiletoday.In memory of these lost civilizations，some of have been rebuilt or whichthemrepaired.Because natural disasters like sandstorms，the buildings are of remainedremaininggreatly destroyed.Therefore，many researchers and scholars are looking for solutions to protect these cultural remains.To our ，more and more people are aware delighteddelightthat the cultural relics are of great significance and join in protecting them.
