1、Time Study,Fundamental Principles series,Outlines,Meaning of time study Basic concepts introduction Methods of time study- Stopwatch/Video1) Snap Back2) Continuous method- PTS1) MODAPTS,Time Study Introduction,Fundamental Principles series,Time Study,Time study is a technique used to determine the t
2、ime required for a qualified, well-trained person who is working at a normal pace to perform a defined task.The end result of time study is the standard time (ST) to perform a job or task.,Time Definition,Standard Time /ST: The time we are allowed to perform standard work.Observe Time/OT:It means th
3、e net time we measure while performing standard workNormal Time/NTAdjusting the Observe Time to correct for unusually slow or fast performance by the worker. The result of this adjustment is called the Normal Time .,Definition of Performance Rating,Performance Rating:Adjusting the Observe Time to co
4、rrect for unusually slow or fast performance by the worker. The degree or coefficient of this adjustment is called the performance rating .,Performance Rating,Performance Rating is influenced by four factors as following: skill, effort, conditions, consistency.,Performance Rating=1+Skill +Effort+Con
5、ditions+ Consistency eg:Supposed an operators skill degree is B2,effort degree is C2,conditions degree is F2,consistency degree is D, so we draw a conclusion :performance rating=1+0.08+0.02-0.17+0= 0.93,Performance Rating,Allowances Rating,Allowances: Time study is usually performed over a relativel
6、y short duration ,and does not consider the fact that a worker will experience interruptions and other delays over the course of a workday and will require breaks for personal needs and recovery. Allowances are added to the Normal Time compute the Standard Time (ST): ST=NT Allowance rating,Allowance
7、s rating is influenced by factors as below: Physiological allowance: 45% Fatigue allowance: 57% Management allowance:45% Others:13%,Allowances Rating,Total Allowances Rating Range:1520%,Conclusion,ST= NT Allowance ratingNT=OT (1+ Performance rating)Performance rating=SXX+EXX+CX+CSX,IF OT=65S SB2 EE1
8、 CC CSD ;Allowance rating =15%; ST=?ST=65(1+ SB2 + EE1+ CC + CSD )(1+15%)=65(1+0.08-0.08+0.02+0)1.15=76.05 S=77 S,Methodology OfTime Study,Fundamental Principles series,Methods-Time Study,Digital Stopwatch/Video1) Snap Back2) Continuous TimeMODPTS1) MOD (Modular arrangement of PTS),An Example Introd
9、uction,Station number: 3 operators: 3 Process:1)Drilling 2)tapping 3)package Station for drilling: Current cycle time:40S Current capacity:660unit/shift,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Fundamental Principles series,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Digital Stopwatch/Video is a direct observation technique used to det
10、ermine the time required for a qualified, well-trained person who is working at a normal pace to perform a defined task.,1. Decide on product to time 2. Break down process to measure 4. Data collection- Snap back - Continuous time- Video 5. Data analysis 6. Standardize time 7. Summary,Digital Stopwa
11、tch/Video,1. Decide on product to time,1).Every product have one standard time only; 2).Those products have no standard time should be done; 3).It has standard motion; 4) Standard time should be adjusted if something related changed in some station;,Define project,Digital Stopwatch/Video,2.Break dow
12、n process,Know about the standard method-whether have standard method and motion-layout of station-skilled operators 2) Split work process to time-station list-breakdown into basic process 3) Inform team member to support,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Confirmation of station content,Split work into basic
13、process,Digital Stopwatch/Video,3. Data Collection- Digital stopwatch,Use two stopwatches to time independent steps alternately Record data Outer time should be noted Minimum cycle time2SAnnex: Frequency of measurement as below:,Snap back:,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Data collection,Digital Stopwatch/Vi
14、deo,3. Data Collection- Continuous Measurement,Use one stopwatch to measure a continuous process is consist of many steps Record each basic process start and ending time but dont stop stopwatch Fill data in time record form,a) Record what you missed during measurement b) Mark the activities if what
15、operator pass over c) Take care of some disordered steps d) Remark foreign element,Note:,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Data missed,Wipe off sweat for 5 second,Data collection,Digital Stopwatch/Video,3. Data Collection- video,Application and permission to use video Record every operators completed work con
16、tent even outer activities Record time either snap backs or continuous measurement while watch video in office,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Discard the abnormal data and remain convinced data Average basic process data Average process data Performance rating Allowance rating Standard time,4.Data analysis
17、,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Data analysis-snap back,Process average value,AVG value of basic process,Performance rating,Allowance rating,Standard time,Data analysis- continuous measurement,AVG value,Performance rating,Allowance rating,standard time,5. Standardize time,1) Verify whether the time in acco
18、rdance with actual situation. 2) Making standard time 3) Making standard time chart,standard time,standard time chart,Digital Stopwatch/Video,Summary,- Benefit - Effect- Lessons and experiences- Build know-how,Continuous measurement :,Snap back :,Digital Stopwatch/Video,MODPTS,Fundamental Principles
19、 series,Whats MODPTS?,Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards, its applied to measure workload and work time according to different body part Rules of MOD was released in 1966 by Australian Association for Pre-determined Time Standard & Research.,MODPTS,Features Of MODPTS,1) Be objective
20、 to measure time, not be influenced by operators, conditions etc. 2) Define standard time without stopwatch or video 3) We must redefine standard time if operation method is changed. 4) Preparation for line balance 5) Max workload consumption:1,700 Calory, about 7100J(about 200000MOD),MODPTS,Value o
21、f MOD,1 MOD = 0.129 Sec= 0.00215分1 Sec = 7.75 MOD1 min = 465 MOD,MOD is a basic time unit in MODPTS methodology, it means the time we spend to move our forefinger in 2.5 cm distance long,不需要 注意力 的动作,需要注 意力的 动作,M O V E,F I N A L,O T H E R S,M 1,M 2,M 3,M 4,M 5,2.5cm,5cm,15cm,30cm,45cm,Chart Of MODPTS
22、,MODPTS,Move Of MOD:,M3,M 1,2.5cm,M 2,5cm,M2,M 3,15cm,M 4,30cm,M4,M 5,45cm,M5,M1,MODPTS,End Of MOD:,MODPTS,Others:,L 1,MODPTS,MODPTS,1. Decide on product to time 2. Preparation for time study 3. Motion analysis and optimization 4. Assign MOD 5. Computation of standard time 6. Standardize time 7. Sum
23、mary,Steps :,MODPTS,1. Decide on product to time 2. Break down into basic process 3. Motion analysis,MODPTS,4) Assign MOD symbols in accordance with motion analysis result,Assign MOD,5. Computation of standard time 1) List time of machine 2) List time of walk 3) Sum MOD and manual time for each basi
24、c process 4) Sum all MOD and manual time 5) allowance rating 6) Initial standard time,MODPTS,MODPTS,time of machine,time of walk,sum MOD, Calculate time of basic process,Sum total MOD and manual time,Allowance rating,standard time,6.Standard time,Verify whether standard time in accordance with actual situation. Making standard time chart Operate with standardization,MODPTS,Verified standard time,Standard time chart,MODPTS,
