1、专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气,高考英语 (天津市专用),考点一 情态动词 1.(2018天津夏,10)I cant find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure. A.should leave B.must have left C.might leave D.could have left,五年高考,答案 D 句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。本题考查 情态动词。设空处表示对过去事情的推测,故排除A、C两项;根据题干中的“but Im not sure”可推知答案为D项(could
2、 have left)。must have done sth.意为“过去一定做了某事”,与 “Im not sure”意义不一致,故排除B项。,2.(2018天津春,3)Whats wrong with the door? The key has got stuck in it and come out. A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.wont,答案 D 句意:这扇门怎么啦?钥匙卡在里面了,怎么也拔不出来。考查情态动词。 A:不应该;B:禁止;C:不必,不需要。will表示某事在某种情况下是真实或可能的,wont表示 “不能”。,3.(2018北京,12)In
3、todays information age, the loss of data cause serious problems for a company. A.need B.should C.can D.must,答案 C 句意:在当今的信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的后果。本题 考查情态动词。根据句意可知,语境要体现的是一种客观的可能性,因此用can符合语境。,4.(2018江苏,24)Its strange that he have taken the books without the owners permission. A.would B.should C.cou
4、ld D.might,答案 B 句意:简直是太奇怪了,他竟然未得到主人的允许就把这些书拿走了。考查情态动 词。“Its strange that.”句型中,that引导的主语从句的谓语部分用should+动词原形,属于 should的用法之一,所以答案为B项。,5.(2017天津夏,2)My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. A.darent B.shouldnt C.neednt D.mustnt,答案 C 句意:我的房间很乱,但是在今晚外出之前我不需要打扫它
5、。我可以早晨打扫。本 题考查情态动词。根据语境可知,我不需要打扫或没必要打扫房间,用neednt符合题意。 darent不敢,shouldnt不应该,mustnt表禁止,均不符合题意。,6.(2017天津春,8)Someone the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bathroom. A.could leave B.must have left C.might leave D.should have left,答案 B 句意:有人肯定忘关水龙头了,水溢了出来把浴室淹了。考查情态动词。由for引出 的分句中的was
6、 running可推知,是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测,故选B。,7.(2017北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf. A.must B.should C.can D.need,答案 C 句意:塞缪尔是我们班里最高的男孩,他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。本题考查 情态动词。根据语义可知应用情态动词can“可以,能够”表示能力。must必须,should应该, need需要,均不符合句意。,8.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying;I get
7、access to the data bank you had recommended. A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.neednt,答案 B 句意:真令人恼火。我不能进入你推荐的数据库。根据It was really annoying可知 应用couldnt。wouldnt不愿意;shouldnt不应该;neednt不必。,9.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A.neednt B.mustnt C.wouldnt D.should
8、nt,答案 A 句意:我爱周末,因为我不需要在周六和周日早起。本题考查情态动词。根据句意 可知用neednt表示不需要。,10.(2016浙江,17)George too far. His coffee is still warm. A.must have gone B.might have gone C.cant have gone D.neednt have gone,答案 C 句意:乔治不可能走太远。他的咖啡还是热的。考查情态动词。cant have done sth.不可能做过某事;must have done sth.一定做过某事;might have done sth.可能做过某事
9、; neednt have done sth.本不必做某事。,11.(2015天津,7)I have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me. A.mightnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldnt,答案 C 句意:在进入这所新学校之前我本没必要担心,因为这里的同学对我很友好。考查 情态动词。根据语境可知此处表达“过去对某事担心过,但现在看来这种担心没有必要”,应 该用neednt have done,故答案为C项。,评析 情态动词是一个语法
10、难点,尤其是 “情态动词+have done”的用法。要准确掌握几个 常见的情态动词与完成时连用时所表达的含义:是肯定推测还是否定推测,是可能性还是必要 性,是抱怨批评还是遗憾后悔。,12.(2015北京,29)Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone. A.may B.can C.must D.dare,答案 C 句意:难道你不能再多待一会儿吗?时间不早了。现在我确实得走了。我 的女儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。A:可能,可以;B:能够,可能;C:必须
11、,一定;D:敢。故 选C项。,13.(2015重庆,12)You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years. A.must B.can C.will D.shall,答案 A 句意:你一定是卡萝尔,这么多年过去了你一点也没变。考查情态动词。根据语境 可知此处表示对现在情况的肯定推测,所以要用must。,14.(2015浙江,4)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt,答案 A 句意:这里如此嘈杂以
12、至于我们无法听到自己说话。本题考查情态动词。根据语 境可知此处表达“我们不能听到自己说话”,故答案选A。,15.(2015陕西,21)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it. A.should B.need C.shall D.may,答案 D 句意:你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百地确信以后你会庆幸你这么做了。本题考查情态动词。根据but Im a hundred percent sure可知前面是不确定
13、的,故选D项。,16.(2015四川,2)You be careful with the camera.It costs! A.must B.may C.can D.will,答案 A 句意:这个相机你必须轻拿轻放。它很贵的!本题考查情态动词。may可能;can能 够;will将。 根据句意可知选A。,17.(2015福建,27)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again. Oh,its too bad.You have made full preparations. A.must B.can C.would D.should,答案 D 句意:对不起,
14、妈妈!这次工作面试我又失败了。 噢,太糟了。你本应该做 好充分准备的。本题考查情态动词。must have done过去一定做过;can have done过去可能做 了;would have done用于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中;should have done过去本该做但没有做。,18.(2014重庆,3)Ive ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired. A.cant B.dare not C.neednt D.may not,答案 C 句意:我已经预订了一些比萨饼,所以当我们到家感到累的时候
15、就不必担心做饭的 事了。本题考查情态动词。A:不能,不可能;B:不敢;C:不必;D:可能不。根据句意可知答案为C 项。,19.(2014江西,30)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest become the richest. A.shall B.must C.need D.might,答案 D 句意:生活是不可预测的,即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最富有的人。本题考查情 态动词。根据句意可知本空表示推测。shall将会(表示预言);must一定;need需要;might可能。 根据句意可知,D为答案。,20.(2014陕西,25)My book,The Ho
16、use of Hades,is missing.Who have taken it? A.need B.must C.should D.could,答案 D 句意:我的书哈迪斯之屋丢了。可能会是谁拿走了呢?考查情态动词的用法。 从语境分析,could在此处表示对过去情况的推测。故选D项。,21.(2014北京,27) I have a word with you?It wont take long. A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Should,答案 A 句意:我能和你说句话吗?不会花很长时间的。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。 can可以,表请求允许;must必须,表必要性;sha
17、ll与第一人称连用,用于一般疑问句中表示建议; should应该,表义务。根据句意应选择A项。,22.(2014湖南,25)Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. Do you mean we bring anything with us? A.cant B.mustnt C.shant D.neednt,答案 D 句意:我已经为野餐准备好了各种食物。你的意思是说我们不必带任何 东西了吗?本题考查情态动词。根据上下文可知设空处表示“不必”,故答案为D项。A:不能, 不可能;B:禁止;C:不会。,23.(2014江苏,31)It was sa
18、d to me that they,so poor themselves, bring me food. A.might B.would C.should D.could,答案 C 句意:让我难过的是,他们自己那么贫穷,竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动 词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气,意为“竟然”。,考点二 虚拟语气 1.(2018天津夏,15)If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D
19、.would catch,答案 A 句意:如果昨天我们赶上那趟航班了,我们现在就会在沙滩上享受我们的假期了。 本题考查虚拟语气。If引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,其谓语动词需用“had+过去 分词”形式,故答案为A项。,2.(2018天津春,14)Jane wishes that she foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college. A.studied B.had studied C.would study D.might have studied,答案 B 句意:简希望她上大学的时候学习的是对外贸易而不是文学。
20、考查虚拟语气。由 时间状语when she was in college可知,wish后的宾语从句表示对过去的虚拟,谓语动词应用had done形式,故选B。,3.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers. A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven,答案 D 句意:如果行驶的路途再远一些,他们或许就会找到一个更好的宾馆了。本题考查 虚拟语气。根据题干中主句的谓语might have found可知语境是对过去的虚拟,因此i
21、f引导的 从句中谓语动词形式应为had done,故选择D项。,4.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved. A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had,答案 A 句意:这个村子里的人们有良好的社交生活,我希望自己还能有机会去更多地参与 其中。考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句中往往用虚拟语气,此处表达现在的一个愿望,谓 语动词要用过去式,所以答案为A项。,5.(2017
22、天津夏,15)Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday. A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be,答案 B 句意:你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?有。否则,昨天我就不能联系到她了。本题 考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的yesterday可知,此处是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟,设空处应为 would have done的形式,根据语义选择B项。,6.(2017天津春,15)Ten days are devoted to this
23、training program and it be unsuccessful, it could be repeated later. A.should B.could C.might D.would,答案 A 句意:这项培训项目用了十天的时间。如果不能成功的话,之后会重复进行该项 目。考查虚拟语气和倒装。should假如,万一,要是,常用在if条件句中。此处为省略if的虚拟条 件句,把should提到句首省略了if。Should it be.=If it should be.。,7.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system to use, the accide
24、nt would never have happened. A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put,答案 A 句意:如果新的安全系统投入使用的话,这起事故就不会发生了。本题考查虚拟语 气。根据题干中的主句谓语部分would never have happened可知语境是对过去发生的事进行 虚拟,因此if引导的从句谓语部分应为had done,故选择A项。,8.(2017江苏,22) not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome h
25、er dif- ficulty. A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it,答案 B 句意:没有老师们的支持,这个学生不可能克服她的困难。本题考查虚拟语气。根 据题干中的the student could not overcome可知,语境是对现在事实的虚拟,be动词在虚拟语气 中通常用were。当虚拟语气中if引导的从句省略了if时,从句部分应使用倒装结构,故选择B 项。,9.(2016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadnt been wearing one,I . A.were injured B.would
26、 be injured C.had been injured D.would have been injured,答案 D 句意:我系着安全带了。要不是系着安全带的话,我可能就受伤了。考查虚拟语 气。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句用了had done,主句应用would/could/should/might+have done。,10.(2016北京,34)Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me, I could have helped. A.told B.had told C.were to tell D
27、.would tell,答案 B 句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我本可以帮你的。本题 考查虚拟语气。根据could have helped和last week可知,此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故选 择B项。,11.(2016浙江,15)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005. A.had not fallen B.would not fall C.did not fall D.would not hav
28、e fallen,答案 D 句意:要不是政府和科学家齐心协力的话,与艾滋病有关的死亡人数就不会在2005 年达到顶峰后下降了。考查虚拟语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,省略了if的从 句用了had done,主句应用would/could/should/might+have done。,12.(2016江苏,27)If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now. A.had not been B.should not be C.were not to be D.should not have been,答案
29、A 句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。考查虚拟语气。根据 语境可知,本题用了虚拟语气,又根据主句中的now和从句中的the other day可知本句是一个错 综时间条件句,主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句用had done。,13.(2015天津,13)I wish I at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then. A.will be B.would be C.have been D.had been,答案 D 句意:我要是上周二能参加我
30、姐姐的婚礼就好了,可是那时我正在纽约出差。考查 虚拟语气。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故设空处要用had done,故选D项。,14.(2015北京,34)If I it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it. A.didnt see B.werent seeing C.wouldnt see D.hadnt seen,答案 D 句意:如果不是我亲眼看到了,我是不会相信的。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句谓语 “wouldnt have believed”可知此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟,故选D项。,15.(2015重庆,7)Without his w
31、artime experiences,Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.didnt write B.hadnt written C.wouldnt write D.wouldnt have written,答案 D 句意:如果没有战时经历的话,海明威就不会写出他著名的小说永别了,武器。 考查虚拟语气。without构成的介词短语相当于条件状语从句,根据语境可知此处表达“与过 去事实相反的假设”,谓语动词要用would have done结构,故选D项。,16.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me so
32、me trouble the schedule. A.did I know B.have I known C.do I know D.had I known,答案 D 句意:要是我知道安排的话,可能会省去一些麻烦。本题考查虚拟语气。“ the schedule”为省略了if的从句,该从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故答案为D项。had I known the schedule=if I had known the schedule。,17.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her. A.dance B.will
33、dance C.had danced D.danced,答案 D 句意:Ellen是一个非常优秀的舞者,我希望我能跳得像她一样好。本题考查虚拟语 气。wish后面的从句用过去式表示对现在的虚拟,故选D项。,18.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we nowhere to stay now. A.had B.had had C.would have D.would have had,答案 C 句意:很幸运,我们预订了一个房间,要不然我们现在就没有地方可以住了。本题考 查虚拟语气。or前面是真实的情况,or后面表示对现在的虚拟,用would d
34、o的形式,故选C项。,19.(2014重庆,13)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it? A.had done B.have done C.did D.am doing,答案 A 句意:是约翰打坏的窗户,你为什么和我说呢?好像是我打坏的一样。本题考查虚拟 语气。第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户,所以在第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气,而且是对 过去的虚拟,所以要用过去完成时,故选A。,20.(2014天津,15) the morning train,he would not have be
35、en late for the meeting. A.Did he catch B.Should he catch C.Has he caught D.Had he caught,答案 D 句意:要是他赶上了早晨的火车,那他就不会开会迟到了。本题考查虚拟语气。根 据句意可知,此处是与过去事实相反的假设,条件状语从句应该用过去完成时。本题为省略if 的虚拟条件句,应把助动词had提到句首,变为倒装句式。所以答案为D项。,21.(2014陕西,23)We would rather our daughter at home with us,but it is her choice,and she i
36、s not a child any longer. A.would stay B.has stayed C.stayed D.stay,答案 C 句意:我们希望女儿和我们一起待在家里,但这是她的选择,她不再是个孩子了。考 查虚拟语气。would rather.表示“宁愿,希望”,其后的从句要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将 来事实相反的假设时,从句用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句用过去完成时。,22.(2014安徽,30)People are recycling many things which they away in the past. A.had thrown B.will b
37、e throwing C.were throwing D.would have thrown,答案 D 句意:人们现在回收的许多东西要是在以前就会被扔掉了。考查虚拟语气。根据 句意可知此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故用would have done,故选D。,23.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. A.were B.had been C.should be D.was,答案 B 句意:如果Dewey先生当时在场的话,他会为那里的人们提
38、供任何可能的帮助。本 题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的would have offered及上下文逻辑可知设空处与过去事实相 反,故答案为B项(had been)。在虚拟语气中,如果条件从句和主句均与过去事实相反,条件从句 谓语动词为“had+过去分词”,主句谓语动词为“would/should/could/might+have+过去分 词”。,24.(2014浙江,16)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investiga- tion,or they to our help. A.would have
39、 come B.could come C.have come D.had come,答案 A 句意:我们在做调查的那几个月,他们在国外,否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。考查虚 拟语气。由句意可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故选A。,25.(2014福建,32) no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. A.Were there B.Had there been C.If there are D.If there have been,答案 A 句意:
40、要是没有现代化的电讯工具,我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的新闻。本 题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语结构would have可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设,谓 语应为动词的过去式,所以排除B、C和D。在虚拟条件句中可以省略if,把were提到句首,故答 案为A项。,A组 20162018年高考模拟基础题组 时间:20分钟 分值:30分,三年模拟,1.(2018天津红桥区二模,7)The two walls are to bear the weight of the room. You remove them. A.neednt B.couldnt C.mustnt D.darent,答案 C
41、句意:这两堵墙是承重墙。你不能把它们移走。考查情态动词。mustnt“禁止,千 万不能”符合语境;neednt不必;couldnt不能;darent不敢。,2.(2018天津南开区一模,4)According to the latest study, most traffic accidents be prevent- ed if drivers are careful enough. A.must B.can C.have to D.need,答案 B 句意:依据最新的研究结果,如果司机足够小心的话,大多数交通事故是可以避免 的。考查情态动词。can表示客观的可能性,故为答案。,3.(201
42、8天津和平区一模,9)Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they just be quiet people. A.may B.must C.should D.would,答案 A 句意:有些不太喜欢说话的人不一定害羞,他们可能只是安静的人。考查情态动 词。语境表示“有可能”,且语气不太肯定,故选may。,4.(2018天津十二所重点中学高三一联,11)Im not sure of the reason for the dogs illness, but it by eating too much. A.
43、may have been caused B.need have been caused C.should have been caused D.must have been caused,答案 A 句意:我不确定这只狗生病的原因,但可能是吃得太多的缘故。考查情态动词。此 处表示对过去情况不太肯定的推测,需用may have done,故选A。should have done过去本应该 做而没有做;must have done(过去一定做了)表示对过去情况的肯定推测。,5.(2018天津滨海新区七所重点学校毕业联考,17)Are you coming to Jeffs party? Im no
44、t sure. I go to the concert instead. A.must B.would C.should D.might,答案 D 句意:你来参加杰夫的聚会吗?我不确定。我可能去听音乐会。考查情态 动词。此处表示较小的可能性或不太肯定的语气,故选might(也许,可能)。must必须;would将 要;should应该。,6.(2018天津部分区高三质调一,7)Although passing the driving test be difficult now, its worth the efforts. A.need B.shall C.can D.should,答案 C
45、句意:尽管现在通过驾照考试很难,但是付出的努力是值得的。考查情态动词。此 处表示一种客观的可能性,故选can(可能)。need需要;shall将要;should应该。,7.(2018天津和平区三模,4)I thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A.wont B.cant C.can D.will,答案 B 句意:我对我们不在家的时候你对我儿子的帮助不胜感激。考查情态动词。can t.too.“无论怎样也不过分”为固定表达。,8.(2018天津市第一中学五月月考,8)No stud
46、ent go out of school after eleven oclock at night without the teachers permission. A.will B.must C.may D.shall,答案 D 句意:未经老师许可,学生在晚上十一点以后不得离校。考查情态动词。shall“应, 必须”,表条约、规章、法令等文件中的义务或规定。故选D。,9.(2018天津十二校二联,15)I forgot all about the party yesterday. If my secretary hadnt reminded me, I , too. A.did B.had
47、C.should D.would have,答案 D 句意:昨天的聚会我全忘了。要不是我的秘书提醒我的话,我也会的。考 查虚拟语气。由时间状语yesterday及从句中的hadnt reminded可知,此处是对过去情况的虚 拟,故用“would+have done”,选D。此处为省略形式,省去了have后的done。,10.(2018天津南开区一模,5)We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise, we here by lunch. A.must have been B.could be C.should be D.would have been,答案
48、 D 句意:我们在机场被耽搁了。否则,我们就能在午餐前到这里了。考查虚拟语气。 We were delayed at the airport.是过去发生的事情;otherwise相当于“If we hadnt been delayed at the airport”,故此处用would have done,选D。,11.(2018天津河西区一模,15)Without our teams great effort, the art exhibition last week such a great success. A.wouldnt be B.wont be C.wouldnt have been D.wont have been,答案 C 句意:没有我们团队的巨大努力,上周的艺术展就不会取得如此大的成功。考查虚 拟语气。由without短语及last week可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,故用“would+have done”结构,故选C。,
