1、Passage 1(2018课标全国,C)词数:420 While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. Their efforts ha
2、ve been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award. Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China
3、Academy of Art(CAA). His of- fice is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.,五年高考,A组 统一命题课标卷题组,The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were
4、amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view. Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make
5、the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素). Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of tradi- tions. Through such a balance, he had created a new
6、 type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao An- do, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed,”he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradi
7、tion means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that,are still being created,”he said. “Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about tradi
8、tions without knowing what they really are,”said Wang. The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said. 1.Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are . A.following the latest world trend B.getti
9、ng international recognition C.working harder than ever before D.relying on foreign architects 2.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most? A.Its hilly environment. B.Its large size.,C.Its unique style. D.Its diverse functions. 3.What made Wangs architectural design a success? A.The m
10、ixture of different shapes. B.The balance of East and West. C.The use of popular techniques. D.The harmony of old and new. 4.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang? A.Spread them to the world. B.Preserve them at museums. C.Teach them in universities. D.Recreate them in practice
11、.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。题材为人物故事类。文章介绍了中国建筑设计师王澍将传 统与现代结合,将中国传统元素融入自己的建筑设计中,荣获了2012年普利兹克建筑奖。 1.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句(他们的努力已被证明是富有成效的。)和最后一句(他 是第一个获得这一奖项的中国公民。)可推知,王澍获奖意味着中国的建筑设计师正在获得世 界的认可,故选B项。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段的内容,尤其是最后一句(这些建筑物的曲线与山的起伏完美 搭配,形成了独特的风景。)可知答案为C项。 3.D 推理判断题。题干句意:什么使王澍的建筑设计获得了成功?根据第五段最后一句(由于 现代元素与中国
12、传统元素的结合,这一作品吸引了很多关注。)可知答案为D项。 4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句(对传统的学习应该和实践相结合。)可知答案为D 项。,难句分析 原句:Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. 分析:句子的主干为Wang Shu won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Pr
13、ize,句中a 49-year-old Chi- nese architect为同位语; which引导定语从句,先行词为Pritzker Architecture Prize,which在从句 中作主语。 译文:王澍,一位49岁的中国建筑设计师,在2012年2月28日获得了普利兹克建筑奖,这一奖项经 常被称为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”。 重点词汇 landmark building地标建筑 fruitful adj.富有成效的 Passage 2(2017课标全国,B)词数:274 Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza
14、Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the the- aters 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats a
15、nd other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.,The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner
16、 Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theaters location(位置)was a
17、lso a reason.“This used to be the center of town,”he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.” Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of f
18、inancial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last
19、 movie. The theater will be missed.,1.In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special? A.It made room for new equipment. B.It signaled the closedown of the theater. C.It was done with the help of the audience. D.It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater. 2.Why was The Last Picture Show p
20、ut on? A.It was an all-time classic. B.It was about the history of the town. C.The audience requested it. D.The theater owner found it suitable. 3.What will probably happen to the building? A.It will be repaired. B.It will be turned into a museum. C.It will be knocked down. D.It will be sold to the
21、city government.,4.What can we infer about the audience? A.They are disappointed with Bradford. B.They are sad to part with the old theater. C.They are supportive of the city officials. D.They are eager to have a shopping center. 答案 语篇解读 一家经营了75年的影院宣布关张,最后放映的最后一场电影让观众热泪盈 眶。文中介绍了影院关张的原因以及影院场地的改造计划。 1
22、.B 推理判断题。第一段结尾处说,一组工人运垃圾,另外一组工人开始拆卸座椅和其他设 备,为影院的结束做准备。这预示着这个已有75年历史的影院永远关张,故B项正确。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.”可知D项正确。 3.C 推理判断题。短文第四段后半部分说影院老板已经把影院连同土地出售给了当地的一 家开发公司,而开发公司计划在影院所在地建设一个综合购物大楼。考生依据这些信息可以 推断出影院建筑肯定要被拆除,故正确选项为C。B项有一些干扰
23、作用。,4.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段所描述的拥有250个座位的影院几乎座无虚席,观众眼含 泪水观看一部三十年前的老电影和影院做最后的告别的场景,可以推断出B项正确。 高级语块 1.appropriate adj. 合适的;恰当的 2.in preparation for 为做准备 3.abandon vt.抛弃;遗弃 4.financial adj.财政的 5.be set in以为背景 6.classic n.经典作品 7.warehouse n. 仓库; 货栈 长难句 Bradford sold the building and land to a local development
24、 firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.Bradford把这栋楼和这块地卖给了当 地的一个开发公司,这家公司计划在这家影院所处的这块土地上建一栋综合购物大楼。 本句为复合句。逗号后是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词firm,在这个定语从句中 还有一个由关系副词where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词land。 Passage 3(2017课标全国,B)词数:290 I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescu
25、e and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.,I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the
26、ground. When Iarrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. The homeo
27、wner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the bas- ket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunge
28、r screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults;they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of na
29、ture smile on us all!The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the,nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all LUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue
30、to do so. 1.What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1? A.Efforts made in vain. B.Getting injured in his work. C.Feeling uncertain about his future. D.Creatures forced out of their homes. 2.Why was the author called to Muttontown? A.To rescue a woman. B.To take care of a
31、 woman. C.To look at a baby owl. D.To cure a young owl. 3.What made the chick calm down? A.A new nest. B.Some food.,C.A recording. D.Its parents. 4.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A.Its unexpected. B.Its beautiful. C.Its humorous. D.Its discouraging. 答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文,讲述了一位志愿者
32、成功救助一只落到地上的猫头鹰雏鸟的故 事。作者为猫头鹰雏鸟编织了一个鸟巢放在树上,并请人播放猫头鹰雏鸟叫声的录音,最终成 功引回猫头鹰雏鸟的父母来照顾它。 1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain”可知,拯 救野生生物的工作有时令人心碎,因为动物不一定能活下来,也就是说可能会徒劳无功,由此可 知答案为A项。B:在工作中受伤;C:对未来不确定;D:生物会被迫离开栖息地。以上三项在文 中均未被提及,故全部排除。 2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “She had found a young owl on t
33、he ground.”和第三段中 的“I examined the chick and it seemed fine.”可知,作者接到一位居住在Muttontown的妇女的,电话,于是赶过去看看这只雏鸟的情况。选项C中的“look at(检查)”与文中的“examined” 相对应,故答案为C项。 3.A 细节理解题。题干中的“calm down”是关键词。文中第四段指出作者把雏鸟放进特 意为它做的鸟巢后,它很快安静了下来,由此可知新的鸟巢使雏鸟平静了下来,故答案为A项。 其他选项的信息是故事发展到后期出现的,故排除。 4.B 推理判断题。短文的最后三句描写作者看到巢中的小猫头鹰十分健康、活跃
34、,最令人喜 悦的是它的父母给它觅来了午餐。由此可以推断小猫头鹰今后也将得到其父母悉心的照 料。作者对事件结局的感受通过“the greatest sight”表现出来,与文章第一段中的“beauti- ful”相呼应。因此,答案应为B项。 高级语块 1.heartbreaking adj.令人心碎的 2.survival n.存活,生存 3.construct v.建造;构筑 4.calm down 平静下来 5.respond to 对做出反应 Passage 4(2017课标全国,D)词数:288 When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt
35、sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular,smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump throu
36、gh the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short. Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening?Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react. Some plants pump o
37、ut smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. In study after study, it appears that
38、these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just
39、made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to“overhear”the cry. So information was exchanged,but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth. Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far b
40、usier, noisier and more intimate(亲密 的)than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. Theres a whole lot going on. 1.What does a plant do when it is under attack? A.It makes noises. B.It gets help from other plants. C.It stands quietly. D.It sends out certain chemicals. 2.What does the auth
41、or mean by“the tables are turned”in paragraph 3? A.The attackers get attacked. B.The insects gather under the table. C.The plants get ready to fight back. D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.,3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can . A.predict natural disasters B.protect themselves a
42、gainst insects C.talk to one another intentionally D.help their neighbors when necessary 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.The world is changing faster than ever. B.People have stronger senses than before. C.The world is more complex than it seems. D.People in Darwins time were more ima
43、ginative. 答案 语篇解读 本文为介绍科普知识的说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家所揭示的植物抵御昆虫 袭击和传递信息的奥秘。 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段枫树的例子可知,当其受到攻击时,受到伤害的部位会释放出 被称为VOCs的化学物质,由第二段第一句可知所有的植物受到攻击时都会做出这种反应,故D,项正确。植物被攻击时释放出的是化学物质而不是噪音,故排除A;释放出的化学物质是对其 他植物的警示,而不是从其他植物那里得到帮助,故排除B;根据第一段首句可排除C项。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,某些植物受到攻击时,会释放出某种香味,将攻击者的天 敌吸引过来,由此可知当它们到来时,情况发生
44、了反转,原先享用午餐(侵害树木)的攻击者将会 成为其天敌的午餐,即成为被攻击者,故A项正确。 3.B 推理判断题。根据文章前三段所描述的树木在遭到昆虫袭击后的反应,加之第四段所介 绍的树木的损伤情况和周边树木接到警报后的反应,可以概括出植物能够保护自身不受昆虫 侵害这一点。故正确答案为B。 4.C 推理判断题。最后一段提到,150多年前,达尔文就曾想到生物世界比我们所看到、听到 的更加繁忙,更加吵闹,也更加亲密,我们的感官不够强大,很多东西未被感知到。由此可推断 出,这个世界比其表面看上去更加复杂,故C项正确。 高级语块 1.pump v. 用泵等输出;涌出 pound n.混合物;化合物 3
45、.intentional adj.故意 的;蓄意的 4.leafy adj.多叶的;叶茂的 5.volatile adj.易挥发的,长难句 They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. 它们大量排出用来吸引对于攻击者来说是天敌的不同昆虫的香味。 本句为复合句,句中过去分词短语designed to attract different insects作后置定语,修饰perfumes, who引导定语从句,修饰先行词insects。 Pas
46、sage 5(2016课标全国,D)词数:356 Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is be- ing spread and monitored(监控)in different ways, researchers are discovering n
47、ew rules. By track- ing peoples e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “Theif it bleedsrule works for mass media,”says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and dont car
48、e how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatione-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-,face conversationsfound that it tended to be more p
49、ositive than negative(消极的), but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply be- cause people experienced more good things than bad things?To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories:t
50、housands of articles on The New York Times website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the“most e-mailed”list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times readers
51、and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book,“Contagious:Why Things Catch On.”,
