1、必修 1 Unit 3 高考试卷分块专练 (安排 3 课时作业)练 一 阅 读 理 解 提 速 练 限 时 35分 钟 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)A(2018湖南省两校上学期联考)Ever want to peek at a celebritys gift list? For the curious and those in need of a few holiday ideas, we tracked down some people. Their answers might surprise you.Martin DahindenSWISS AMBASSADO
2、R TO THE UNITED STATESTO GIVE: I like things to be practical and well thoughtout. I would say that is typically Swiss. I would gift someone a Swiss Army Knife, a useful gift in many ways. Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Pocket Knife, 17.13. Victorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife, 54.97. ama
3、zon. com.Sylvia ColellaFOUNDER OF FASHION AND LIFESTYLE BLOG SIMPLY SYLVIATO GIVE: One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear, so I enjoy gifting pieces from my favorite brands, like Michi, Alo Yoga and Spiritual Gangster. Koral Lustrous Legging, 95. Michi Bionic Bra,
4、 95.Melissa HoRENWICK GALLERY CURATOR OF 20THCENTURY ARTTO GIVE: I would give this book to any Washingtonian who was foolish enough to miss the extraordinary Robert Irwin exhibition at the Hirshhorn this summer. The magic of Irwins phenomenological art is difficult to convey in either photographs or
5、 words, yet Hankinss prose makes the story of his breakthrough years both accessible and enjoyable. Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, 35.90. amazon. com.Kwame AlexanderPOET AND NEWBERYWINNING AUTHOR OF“THE CROSSOVER”TO GIVE: A childrens book gift basket with some of my fa
6、vorites: Zoe in Wonderland by Brenda Woods, anything by Mo Willems, Debbie Levy and Vanessa BrantleyNewtons We Shall Overcome, and this really cool novel called The Crossover. I Dissent, 14.10. We Shall Overcome, 15.65. Zoe in Wonderland, 14.21. The Crossover, 10.36. amazon. com.语篇解读：本文是应用文。假日礼物 该选什
7、么？看看这些人的回答。21Who may be a huge fitness enthusiast?AMelissa Ho. BSylvia Colella.CMartin Dahinden. DKwame Alexander.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Sylvia Colella 部分中的“ One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear”可知 选 B 项。22How much should you pay at least if you buy a Swiss Army Knife
8、and Hankinss book?A35.90. B53.03.C54.97. D90.87.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据 Martin Dahinden 部分中的“Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Pocket Knife, 17.13”以及 Melissa Ho 部分中的“Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, 35.90”可知选 B 项 。23Which of the following is the most suitable for kids?AWe Shall Over
9、come.BKoral Lustrous Legging.CRobert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change.DVictorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据 Kwame Alexander 部分中的“A childrens book gift basket with some of my favorites .We Shall Overcome，”可知选 A 项。BRobotic surgery is one thing, but sending a robot inside t
10、he body to carry out an operation is quite another, which has long been a goal of some researchers to produce tiny robotic devices being capable of traveling through the body to deliver drugs or to make repairs without the need for a single cut, the possibility of which has just got a bit closer.How
11、ever, unlike the plot of one filmwhich featured a microscopic crew and submarine traveling through a scientists bloodstream this device could not be inserted into blood vessels (管) because it is too big. While other types of miniature swallowable robots have been developed in the past, their role ha
12、s mostly been limited to capturing images inside the body. In a presentation this week to the International Conference, Daniela Rus and Shuhei Miyashita of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology described a robot they have developed that can be swallowed and used to collect dangerous objects acci
13、dentally taken in. To test their latest version, Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita designed a robot as a battery hunter, which might seem to be an odd task, but more than 3,500 people in America alone, most of them children, swallow the tiny button cells used in small electronic devices by accident every year
14、. To start with, the researchers created an artificial esophagus (食道) and stomach made out of silicone (硅胶). It was closely modeled on that found in a pig and filled with medical liquid; the robot itself is made from several layers of different materials, including pig intestine (肠), and contains a
15、little magnet. This is folded up and encased in a 10mm27mm capsule of ice. Once this reaches the stomach the ice melts and the robot unfolds which is moved and guided with the use of a magnetic field outside the body. In their tests, the robot was able to touch a button battery and draw it with its
16、own magnet, and during dragging it along, the robot could then be directed towards the intestines where it would eventually be gotten rid of through the anus (肛门 ). After it, the researchers sent in another robot loaded with medication to deliver it to the site of the battery burn to speed up healin
17、g.The artificial stomach being transparent on one side, the researchers were able to see the batteries and visually control the robots. If not, that will require help with the help from imaging system, which will be a bit more of a challenge, but Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita are determined to succeed.语篇解
18、读：长期以来，研究人 员都在尝试创造一种微型机器 设备，能 够游走于人体内，在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口。 现在 这种可能性已变得更为接近现实。麻省理工学院的丹妮拉鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可收集人们不慎摄入的有害异物。24According to the passage, the robot operation will probably be able to _.Atravel through a scientists bloodstreamBphotograph the body to convey to the doctorCenter the body
19、 to deliver drugs or make repairsDoperate on a person outside the body completely解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，未来机器人手术可能能够将机器人植入体内传送药物或者修补伤口。故 选项 C 符合题意。25We learn from Paragraph 3 that _.Athe researchers did the experiment on a chosen animalBthe robot took necessary drugs besides a little magnetCdigesting t
20、he swallowed batteries is difficult for childrenDthe actual size of the robot may be larger than the capsule of ice解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，机器人被折叠起来包裹进 10 毫米宽、 27 毫米长的冰胶囊内。一旦进入胃部，冰层便会融化，机器人也会打开。显然，机器人真实的尺寸要比冰胶囊大。故 选项 D 正确。26What may the experiment mean to the medical world?AThe surgeries will cost
21、patients much money.BPatients will suffer less because of some surgeries.CFewer children will swallow the button cells.DA robot will be invented travelling blood vessels.解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据第一段和第三段第六、七句可知，将机器人植入体内实施手术是为了在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口，这样能够加速治愈过程。显然，这种实验对于医学界的意 义在于病人将少遭受手术 痛苦。故 选项 B 符合题意。27Which c
22、an be the most suitable title for the passage?AAn Experiment on RobotBTiny Robot, Significant RoleCThe Fantastic Robotic VoyageDThe Exploration of Robot Technology解析：选 C 标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，麻省理工学院的丹妮拉 鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可取出人们不慎摄 入的有害物体。 这对于被送入体内捕获异物的微型机器人来说无异于是一次在人体内的神奇之旅。故 选项 C 符合题意。C(2018辽宁沈阳育才中学模
23、拟)The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electri
24、city roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meat tickets worth 36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for th
25、e hotel.The plan, a worldfirst, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to
26、get a free meal, but generally I dont think people will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website treeh
27、ugger. com recently voted Copenhagen the worlds best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotels green profile (形象) ”If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hote
28、ls in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.语篇解读：本文提到的电动自行车免餐计划是为了增强人们的健康，推广酒店的环保理念。28What is the main purpose of the free meal programme?ATo promote the hotels green concept.BTo make the city known to the world.CTo attract people to the hotel restaurant.DTo get guests to stay longer at the hotel.解析
29、：选 A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中 “The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.”可知， 这个想法是让人们身体健康，并减少碳排放量。即推广酒店的绿色理念。故选 A。29How can a participant get a free meal?ABy becoming a professional cyclist.BBy cycling to produce some electricity.CBy linking a smart phone to a bicycle.DBy monitoring hi
30、s or her carbon footprint.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机) ”可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选 B。30Who are most likely to enter for the progra
31、mme?AThe poor local people.BThe environment activists.CHealthconscious hotel guests.DVisitors fond of Copenhagen food.解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 “Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.”可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选 C。31According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the worlds _？Abest chain ho
32、telsBgreenest natural environmentsClongest bike pathsDhighest rates of people cycling to work解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 “Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world”可知，骑自行车上班的人的比例最高，故选 D。DStephen Hawking Warns Human
33、sMust Leave Earth SoonProfessor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.Hawking criticized President Donald Tr
34、ump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”Hawking proposed that the le
35、ading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years time and send people to Mars by 2025”According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into sp
36、ace will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious
37、 space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学) ”Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas tha
38、t it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species.
39、We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are s
40、tanding at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。32Accordi
41、ng to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?ATo send people to Mars.BTo build a lunar base.CTo send astronauts to the Moon.DTo change the future of humanity.解析：选 C 细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在 2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选 C 项。33The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5
42、 can be replaced by “_”Aspeeded up BstoredCused up Dexplored解析：选 C 词义猜测题。由 该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain 在这里是“用完，耗尽 ”的意思，故选 C 项。34What is Hawkings attitude towards the Earths future?APessimistic. BConfused.CPositive. DIndifferent.解析：选 A 观点态度题。由文章中反复出 现的“warned”以及第五段的内容
43、可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观 的态度， 这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选 A 项。35The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that _.Athe Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious dangerBhumans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planetCa new and ambitious space program would excite young peopleDas
44、tronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth解析：选 A 细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威 胁，故 选 A 项 。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)(2018福建泉港一中模拟)6 Tips for Healthy, White TeethGo on a whiteteeth diet. If youre quaffing (畅饮) red wine and black tea, or smoking cigarettes, expe
45、ct the results to show up as notsopearly whites.Throw away your toothbrush or electric toothbrush head every two to three months._36_According to dentist Harold Katz, the best way to brush is by placing your toothbrush at a 45degree angle against your gums (牙龈 ) and gently moving it in a circular mo
46、tion. Grip the toothbrush like a pencil so you wont scrub (刷洗) too hard.Use a tongue scraper (刮刀) every morning to remove tongue plaque (舌斑) and freshen breath. One cause of bad breath is the buildup of bacteria on the tongue, which a daily tongue scraping will help banish (消除). _37_Eat “detergent (
47、清洁剂)” foods that are firm or crisp to help clean teeth as you munch (咀嚼) _38_ For best results, make “detergent” foods the final food you eat in your meal if you know you wont be able to brush your teeth after eating.Stay fresh. Check by licking (舔) your palm and smelling it while its wet. If you sm
48、ell something, its time for a sugarfree breath mint (薄荷). Shopping for mouthwash? _39_ Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue, making it more prone (易于) to bacteria.Brushing your teeth first and last are the two most crucial times of the day, as saliva (唾液) which keeps plaque off
49、 teeth, dries up at night, so its best to have all plaque cleaned off the teeth before sleep._40_AMake sure its alcohol free.BApples are good, as are raw carrots, celery and popcorn.COtherwise, youre just transferring bacteria to your mouth.DHowever, the bacteria wont be staying on the top of your tongue.EIts more effective than brushing your tongue with a toothbrush too.F
