1、形容词、副词、介词【知识点睛】一、形容词 _定 义 ： 说 明 人 或 事 物 的 特 征 、 性 质 或 状 态 ， 常 用 来 修 饰 名 词 或 不 定 代 词 。排 序 ： 作功 能 作形 容 词 作 原 级比 较 等 级 比 较 级最 高 级含 有 形 容 词 的 固 定 短 语重点 1：形容词比较等级比较对象形容词形式常见句型原级 两者 原形_比较级 两者 形容词er_修饰语：_最高级三者及以上形容词est_修饰语：_重点 2：ing 形容词和 ed 形容词surprising interesting exciting pleasing frighteningsurprised i
2、nterested excited pleased frightened令人感动的：_(令人)疲倦的：_有极大吸引力的；迷人的：_ing 形容词：表主动意义，多指事物(人)对人的影响，一般修饰物ed 形容词：表被动意义，多为人的感受，一般修饰人难点 1：形容词比较级别的转换 (句子转换)Li Lei is the tallest student in his class._ in his class._ in his class.= Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.any of the other students in his c
3、lass.the rest of the students in his class.= No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.= No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.难点 2：多个形容词的排序问题(了解)口诀：限观形龄颜国材（县官行令宴国才）规则：1. 限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形物代、名词所有格、数词2. (观点)描绘性形容词，如 beautiful，fine，interesting 等3. 表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，如 tall, high, small, little, round
4、等4. 表示年龄、新旧的形容词，如 young, old, new 等5. 表示颜色的形容词，如 black, white, blue 等6. 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词7. 表示构成材料的形容词e.g. 两个圆形蓝色塑料盘：_两张新的中国式木制大圆桌：_二、副词难点 1：兼有两种形式的副词close _ He is sitting close to me.closely _ Watch him closely.late _ You have come too late.lately _ What have you been doing lately?deep _ He pushed the
5、 stick deep into the mud.deeply _ I was deeply moved by the moving film.high _ The plane was flying high.highly _ I think highly of your opinion.wide _ He opened the door wide.widely _ English is widely used in the world.free _ You can eat free in my restaurant.freely _ You may speak freely; say wha
6、t you like.三、介词及介词短语（一）重点介词辨析1. 时间介词 in, on, at一般 特殊at + 时间点 at noon/night/dawnon + 日期/星期 具体的某天早上中午晚上in + 世纪，年代，年，季节，月 in the morning/evening/afternoon2. 方位介词 in, on, toABB ABA_ _ _3. 地点介词 in_, at_, on_4. 方位介词两“中间”among between5. 方位介词两前两后6. 方位介词两“通过”across through7. 方位介词三上三下8. 方式介词：with, without, by
7、, but, except, besides, except for 等（二）to 作为介词时的常考短语look forward to _ (do) sth. pay attention to _ (do) sth. devote oneself to _ (do) sth. be/become/get used to _ (do) sth. make a contribution to _ (do) sth. prefer doing to _ (do) sth. （三）动介短语 VS 动副短语动副短语中代词作宾语时必须放在动词后副词前，当宾语是名词时，放在副词的前后均可。初中常考动（副）介
8、短语到达：arrive _ 闯入：break _ 担心：worry _请求；要求：ask _ 和意见一致：agree _拜访；访问：call _ 担心；关心：care _顺便来访：come _ 赶上；追上：catch _ look at point at laugh at knock at/ondepend on insist on get on/off fall offcome up with deal with talk with/topoint to speak to get to happen to listen toreply tolearn about talk about thi
9、nk about know about dream about/of think of knock into fall into get in drop in/by go bypay for look for wait forlook after go through learn from look like初中常考动副短语使高兴：cheer _ 分发：give _ 出故障：break _浏览：look _ 脱下：take _ 爆发：break _快点：come _ 回来：come _ 出版：come _叫醒某人：wake _ 用光：use _bring out clean out pick
10、out hand out put out send out take outfind out hang out point out sell outsend up hang up make up show up stand up stay up wake upclean up pick up give up put up set up turn up dress upget up go up grow upcut down put down take down go down fall down lie downput on try on feed on go on hand on hold
11、on keep onput off turn off go off show off set off run offput away send away take away go awaygive back get back put back go back pay backthink over get over go over look overhand in give in【精讲精练】一、单选( )1. My family and I had a(n) _ trip in Taiwan because of the typhoon and rainstorm.A. suitable B.
12、impatient C. unpleasant D. comfortable( )2. It was such an _ joke that everyone felt _. A. embarrassed; embarrassing B. embarrassed; embarrassedC. embarrassing; embarrassing D. embarrassing; embarrassed( )3. Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks _ in the pink dress!A. lovely B. quietly C. poli
13、tely D. happily( )4. George, how can you prove the earth is round?I cant, sir. _, I never said it was.A. Then B. However C. Besides D. Instead( )5. Do you like the western food, Li Hua? No, I think the food of our country is _ that of western countries. A. as delicious as B. less delicious thanC. no
14、t as delicious as D. much more delicious than ( )6. The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane.What?! Ive never heard of _ idea before. A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest( )7. I know you are shorter than your brothers, but you run _. A. more faster B. fast
15、est C. more fast D. fast ( )8. We will never forget what happened _ the afternoon of May 12, 2008.A. in B. by C. at D. on( )9. The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money _ me.A. by B. for C. in D. with( )10. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.A. in B. below C. bes
16、ide D. against( )11. When did you last hear _ Jay?He phoned me this morning, and we agreed _ a time and place to meet.A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on( )12. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all. So you have to be careful. 请选出与划线部分同义的选项。A. Sometime B. So
17、metimes C. Some time D. Some times( )13. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place( )14. Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem _.A. on purpose B. in all C. on time D. after all( )15. T
18、hat woman will quarrel _ everybody _ anything.A. about; about B. about; with C. with; about D. with; with二、根据句意，用适当的介词填空16. Here are some flowers _ you _ our best wishes.17. We cant live _ water or air.18. Japan is _ the east of China.三、根据提示填空19. I think this problem is much _ (easy) than that one.2
19、0. He is a(an) _ (honest) boy so we seldom believe what he says.21. What should we do to help the _ (home) people after the earthquake?22. Daniel did the exercises too _ (粗心), and it made his teacher very angry.23. Finally we _ (想出) an idea.24. _ (越忙) he is, _ (越高兴) he feels.25. Shanghai is _ (最现代的城
20、市之一) in China.【参考答案】 【知识点睛】一、形容词排序：限观形龄颜国材 好美小高状其新，颜色国料用途亲 美小圆旧黄，法国木书房功能：作表语、作定语、作宾语补足语重点 1：形容词比较等级原级常见句型：as+adj./adv.(原级)+asnot as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as比较级常见句型：比较级+thanWhich/Who is+形容词(比较级)，A+or+B？比 and 比the 比，the 比修饰语：any/no/much/many/very/a lot/lots/a great deal/rather/times/far/a little/a bit/ eve
21、n/still 等 最高级常见句型：最高级 + of/in + 范围one of + 最高级 + 名词the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词最高级 + 定语从句修饰语：(by) far/much/nearly/almost/not quite/by no means/very/second/next 等 重点 2：ing 形容词和 ed 形容词令人感动的：moving 疲倦的：tired 有极大吸引力的；迷人的：fascinating难点 1：形容词比较级别的转换（句子转换）any other student the other students难点 2：多个形容词的排序问题（了解）两个圆形
22、蓝色塑料盘：two round blue plastic plates两张新的中国式木制大圆桌：two big round new Chinese wooden tables二、副词动词；形容词；状语难点 1：兼有两种形式的副词近；仔细地 晚；最近 深(具体)；深深地(抽象) 高(具体)；高度(抽象) 宽(具体)；广泛地(抽象) 免费；无限制地三、介词及介词短语表语；定语；状语；宾语补足语（一）重点介词辨析2. in；on；to3. in“在里” ，表示一个范围(或大地方)at“在” ，表示一个点(或小地方)on“在上” ，表示的表面上（二）to 作为介词时的常考短语doing；doing；d
23、oing；doing；doing；doing（三）动介短语 VS 动副短语初中常考动(副)介短语 到达：arrive in/at 闯入：break into 担心：worry about请求；要求：ask for 和意见一致：agree with拜访；访问：call on (sb.)/at (sth.) 担心；关心：care about顺便来访：come over 赶上；追上：catch up with初中常考动副短语使高兴：cheer up 分发：give out 出故障：break down浏览：look through/over 脱下：take off 爆发：break out快点：come on 回来：come back 出版：come out叫醒某人：wake up 用光：use up【精讲精练】一、15：CDACD 610：ABDDD 1115：DBADC二、16. for; with 17. without 18. to三、19. easier 20. dishonest 21. homeless22. carelessly 23. came/come up with 24. The busier; the happier 25. one of the most modern cities
