1、1.细节理解题 2.推理判断题 3.主旨大意题 4.词义猜测题 5.文章结构题,五类题型 分类突破,专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步,A (2017福建南平一模) Wandering around the airport terminal(航站楼)，after learning my flight had been delayed four hours，I heard an announcement，“If anyone near Gate A-4 understands any Arabic，please come to the gate immediately.”I went there
2、 and saw an old woman in full traditional Palestinian dress crying on the floor.A young man from the airport staff asked me to talk to her to find out what was her problem.He said she started to cry when hearing the announcement about the flight.,题型突破(五) 推理判断之细节推断题,I knelt down，put my arms around he
3、r and asked her what was wrong.My Arabic wasnt good enough but I managed to get my meaning across.She soon stopped crying and told me she had thought the flight had been canceled.She needed to be in El Paso for an important medical treatment the next day.I said，“Youll be fine.Youll get there but onl
4、y a few hours late.Who is going to pick you up？Lets call him.”We called her son.I spoke to him in English.I told him I would stay with his mother till we boarded the plane.Later，I called my dad whose Arabic was better and asked him to talk to her.She looked much more relaxed while talking on the pho
5、ne.,Later she took out a sack of homemade cookies stuffed with dates and nuts and offered them to all the women at the gate：the traveler from Argentina，the mom from California，the lovely woman from Laredo.Everybody smiled and accepted her cookies to eat.And my new best friend and I were holding hand
6、s，while the others around us were talking with each other with different accents.I almost wanted to hug all those other women too.I looked around that gate and thought to myself，“This is surely the world people want to live in.” 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，叙述的是在飞机场一位老妇人误解了飞机通告而痛哭，后来在作者的帮助下高兴起来的故事。,语篇解读,1.Why did
7、the old lady cry at the airport terminal gate? A.The plane was canceled. B.Her medical treatment was canceled. C.She didnt know which flight to take. D.She misunderstood the announcement.,答案,解析,2,3,1,解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“She soon stopped crying and told me she had thought the flight had been canceled.”
8、可知，她误解了通告。故选D。,2.It can be inferred that_. A.the author was Palestinian B.most passengers were from America C.the authors first language was English D.the old lady had never travelled abroad,答案,解析,2,3,1,解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“My Arabic wasnt good enough but I managed to get my meaning across.”及“We called
9、her son.I spoke to him in English.”可知，作者的第一语言是英语。故选C。,3.According to the passage，we learn that the author was_. A.talkative and active B.warm-hearted and helpful C.creative and intelligent D.enthusiastic but aggressive,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I knelt down，put my arms around her and asked her what was
10、 wrong.My Arabic wasnt good enough but I managed to get my meaning across.”及“We called her son.I spoke to him in English.I told him I would stay with his mother till we boarded the plane.”可知，作者热心肠，乐于助人。故选B。,2,3,1,B (2017四川成都七中二模) Have You Ever Wondered?,语篇解读 本篇是说明文，介绍了飞机从东往西飞行花的时间久的原因和地球引力消失将会发生的变化。
11、,语篇解读,4.What information can we get from the first passage? A.It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly. B.Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind. C.It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY. D.The jet stream always blows from the east to the west
12、 across the Atlantic.,答案,解析,5,6,4,7,解析 细节理解题。从第一段第二句“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.”可知，大西洋上空特定的气流状况是影响飞机速度的重要因素。A项与之相符。其余三项论述与文章内容不符。,5.The underlined word “shoot” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “_”. A.send for B.move quickly C.come out D
13、.grow quickly,解析 词义猜测题。根据下文内容及科学常识我们知道若没有地球引力，建筑物内的人将可能快速地飞向某一方向。send for派人去请；come out发芽，出版；grow quickly快速成长/生长。A、C、D三项含义不对。,答案,解析,5,6,4,7,6.It can be inferred that without gravity_. A.buildings and other structures would float away B.trees and buildings would not so easily fly off C.something aroun
14、d your head would not float away D.everything outside buildings would fly off into space,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。,5,6,4,7,7.Where can we most probably read this text? A.In a res
15、earch paper. B.In a short story. C.In a travel magazine. D.In a students book.,答案,解析,5,6,4,7,解析 文章出处题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文，也不可能出自旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。,C The days of having to carry a phone charger everywhere could soon be over.Michigan researchers have revealed
16、a major breakthrough in harvesting energy from human motion.They say it could lead to smartphones powered for a week by the motion of a swipe(重击).,Michigan State Universitys low-cost device，known as a nanogenerator，has already been tested.Scientists successfully operated an LCD touch screen，a bank o
17、f 20 LED lights and a flexible keyboard，all with a simple touching or pressing motion and without the aid of a battery.The groundbreaking findings，published in the journal Nano Energy，suggest “were on the path toward wearable devices powered by human motion，” said Nelson Sepulveda，associate professo
18、r of electrical and computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.,“What I foresee，relatively soon，is the capability of not having to charge your cell phone for an entire week，for example，because that energy will be produced by your movement，” said Sepulveda，whose research is funded by the
19、 National Science Foundation. Electrical energy is created when the device is compressed by human motion.The completed device is as thin as a sheet of paper.The device used to power the LED lights was palm-sized，while the device used to power the touch screen was as small as a finger.Advantages such
20、 as being lightweight，flexible and low-cost could make it a promising and alternative method in the field of mechanical-energy harvesting.,The device also becomes more powerful when folded.Sepulveda said，“You can start with a large device，but when you fold it once，and again，and again，its much smalle
21、r and has more energy.Now it may be small enough to put in a specially made heel of your shoe so it creates power each time your heel strikes the ground.” Sepulveda and his team are also developing technology that would transmit the power generated by the heel strike to，say，a wireless headset. 语篇解读
22、密歇根的研究人员取得了一项重大突破，可以从人体运动中收集能量。,语篇解读,8.Who is Nelson Sepulveda? A.The major researcher in the project. B.A professor of engineering. C.The fund supplier of the research. D.A journalist writing for Nano Energy.,答案,解析,9,10,8,11,解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“.said Nelson Sepulveda，associate professor of electri
23、cal and computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.”可知，Nelson Sepulveda是项目的主要研究者。故选A。,9.The underlined word “device” in the 2nd paragraph is closest in meaning to “_”. A.keyboard B.smartphone C.screen D.machine,答案,解析,解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“.known as a nanogenerator，has already been tested.”即纳
24、米发电器，已通过测试。可知画线词的意思应该是“机器”，故选D。,9,10,8,11,10.From the passage we know that the nanogenerator _. A.becomes more powerful when kept flat B.has already come into market in the USA C.is lightweight and flexible though expensive D.makes it possible to produce power by walking,解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“that energy
25、 will be produced by your movement”可知，这使通过步行来生产电能变得可能。故选D。,答案,解析,9,10,8,11,11.The purpose of the passage is to_. A.persuade people to buy the device B.bring in a new way to save energy C.introduce a breakthrough in science D.honor Nelson Sepulveda for his contributions,答案,解析,9,10,8,11,解析 写作意图题。根据第一段
26、中的“Michigan researchers have revealed a major breakthrough in harvesting energy from human motion.”及全文对此的介绍可知，本文在介绍科学上的一项重大突破。故选C。,D (2017广东深圳一模) Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the citys smoggy air，especially when it reaches critical pollution levels，but one local entr
27、epreneur decided that canning and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea.Believe it or not，he was right. After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France，Canada or Australia and selling it in China，Dominic Johnso
28、n-Hill，a British-born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop，decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.,“Id seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia，so I thought it was time to push business the othe
29、r way，” the entrepreneur said.“Theyre perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered T-shirt? These cans are light，portable；you can just imagine someones face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”,The few mouth-fulls of Beijing air come in
30、standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a snarky description of the contents：“a unique blend of nitrogen(氮气)，oxygen and some other stuff”.The tongue-in-cheek souvenirs cost 28 RMB (US 4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop，as well as on its online shop.But if y
31、oure actually considering buying some，youd better ask the shop in advance，as they are virtually flying off the shelves.Johnson-Hill told Ruptly that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.,Personally，the well-sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about
32、the living conditions.Yet one thing thats not particularly clear is if the air is really collected from Beijing，as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”.Theres a big chance thats just Plastered 8 humor，as they also list “Choking Hazard” and “May have come into contact with nuts” as warnings. An
33、yway，it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment. 语篇解读 北京空气污染严重已不是新闻，但最近有人把北京空气罐装出售，却非常畅销。,语篇解读,12.What are many people in Beijing likely to do with the smoggy air? A.Try to get used to it. B.Can it as a souvenir. C.Sell it all over the world. D.Try their bes
34、t to avoid it.,答案,解析,13,14,12,解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the citys smoggy air，especially when it reaches critical pollution levels.”可知北京人避犹不及。故选D。,15,13.How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas? A.Satisfied. B.Surprised. C.F
35、rightened. D.Refreshed.,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“These cans are light，portable；you can just imagine someones face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”可知你可以想象别人收到你的礼物时的表情，肯定是很惊讶。故选B。,13,14,12,15,14.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stuff” in Paragraph 4? A.Liquids. B.Objects. C.M
36、inerals. D.Risks.,答案,解析,解析 词义猜测题。对罐中所含物的描述：氮气、氧气以及其他的物质。空气里肯定含有很多的物质。故选B。,13,14,12,15,15.What can we infer from the passage? A.There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air. B.The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour. C.The writer may expect us to care more about the environment. D.Dominic Johnson-Hill is a British man who lives in Beijing.,答案,解析,解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“.it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.”可知作者希望此举能引起公众的注意去保护环境。故选C。,13,14,12,15,本课结束,
