1、专业英语一 专业词：1.asphalt 沥青 2.abstruct 摘要 3.aluminum 铝 4.alloy 合金5.access road 进出共地道路 6.abutment 桥台 7.arch 拱8.blast-hole 爆破孔 9.bearing pressure 承载力 10.building materials 建筑材料11.bearing wall 承重墙 12.bolting 栓接 13.building code 建筑规范 14.beam 梁pressive 压缩的 16.corossion 腐蚀 17.cement 水泥 18.construction 施工19.con
2、crete 砼 20.column 柱 21.construction 施工 22.concrete curing 砼养护23.cantilever 悬臂 24.column 柱 25.ceiling 天花板 26.construction control 施工控制27.construction operations 场地准备 28.construction engineering 施工工程 29.civil engineering materials 土木工程材料 30.concrete construction 砼施工munity and urban planning 城乡规划 32.co
3、ncrete placement 砼浇筑33.concrete production 砼搅拌 34.concrete forming 砼制模板35.curtain wall 幕墙 36.detailed design 详细设计1.excavation 开挖 2.expansive soil 膨胀土 3.engineering management 工程管理4.explosive 炸药 5.engineering properties of soils 土的工程性 6.elastic modulus 弹性模量 7.excavation 开挖 8.embed 埋入 9.earthmoving 土方
4、工程 10.expressway 公路 11.execution 具体操作12.embankment 路堤 13.exploration/drilling 勘探/ 钻探 14.elevation 立面图15.engineering 公路工程 16.fireproof 防火 17.foundation treatment 地基处理 18.gravel 砾石 19.grout 灌浆 20.ground water table/level 地下水位 21.geotechnical engineering 岩土工程 22.geophysical seismic 地球物理地震 23.girder 主梁
5、24.highway 高速公路 25.highway 26.hydration 水化29.multistory building 多层楼房 30.management skill 管理职能 31.masonry 砌体 32.mud 淤泥 33.mechanical and electrical systems 机械与电力系统 34.oxidation 氧化 35.plastic 塑料 36.plan 平面图 37.pipeline engineering 管道工程38.planning 施工规划 39.job site 工地 40.professional staff 专业人员41.propa
6、gation velocity 传播速率 42.pavement 人行横道43.project manager 项目经理 44.permeability 渗透性 45.pier 墩 46.quarry 采石场47.rock 岩石 48. representative soil sample 代表性土样 49.riveting 铆接50.resist 抵抗 51.roof 屋顶 52.rigid frame 钢构1.soil type 土类 2.silt 粉土 3.sand 沙 4.site investigation 场址勘察 5.seismic 人工地震 6.speciality 专业 7.
7、structural engineering 结构工程8.surveying and mapping 测绘工程 9.steel 钢材 29.timber 木材 10.shear/bend 抗压/抗弯 11.reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 12.structural member 构架 13.slab 板 52.skyscraper 摩天大楼 14.settle 沉降 15.subgrade 地基 16.superstructure 上部结构 17.substructure 下部结构 18.span 跨 19.transportation engineering 交通工程 2
8、0.tall (apartment、office) building 高层建筑 21.tensile forces 扭力22.truss 桁架 23.uneven settlement 不均匀沉降 24.uniform settlement 均匀沉降 25.ultimate tensile/strength 极限抗拉强度 26.visual inspection 踏勘 27.welding 焊接 二句子翻译：1.Concrete construction consists of several operations:forming,concrete,Production,placement,c
9、uring.混凝土施工包括几道工序：支模板，搅拌混凝土，浇筑，养护。1. Civil engineering, the oldest of the engineering specialties, is the planning design, construction and management of the built environment.土木工程学作为最老的工程技术学科，是指规划，设计，施工及建筑设施的管理。2. Civil engineers build build road, bridges,tunnel,dams,harbors,power plants,water and
10、sewage systems, hospitals, schools, mass transit,and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations.土木工程师建筑造道路，桥梁，管道，大坝，海港，发电厂，给排水系统，医院，学校，公共交通和其他现代社会和大量人口集中地区的基础公共设施。3. Materials and structural forms are combines to make up the various parts of a building,in
11、cluding the load-carrying frame, skin, floor and partitions.材料和不同的结构形式联合组成建筑物的各个不同部分，包括承重框架，外墙，楼板和隔墙。4. The great variability of soils has led to a variety of solutions to the foundation problem.土的巨大的可变性导致基础问题的多样性的解决方法。6 In cases where the soil near the surface in unable to support the weight of the
12、 building, piles if wood ,steel, or concrete are driven down to firm soil.地表附近的土体不能承载建筑物的重量时，木制，钢制或混凝土制桩被打入坚固土层以加固土体。7 A scientific approach to the design of foundations has been developed in the 20th century.科学设计基础的方法已在 20 世纪内得到发展。8 Karl Terzaghi of the United stat pioneered studies that made it po
13、ssible to make accurate predictions of the behavior of foundation; using the science of soil mechanics coupled with exploration and testing procedures.美国的 Karl Terzaghi 的先锋研究，利用土力学和探测及测试程序技术，使精确预报基础的性能的行为成为可能。9 Soil mechanics is concerned with the use of the laws of mechanics and hydraulics in engin
14、eering problems related to soils.土力学研究的是力学和水力学的法则在牵涉土的工程问题中的应用。10Complete and accurate records, such as borehole logs, must be prepared and maintained, and the samples themselves must be retained for future inspection.完整和精确的记录，例如钻孔记录必须准备好保管好，并且样品自身也必须保管好供将来校对使用。11Structure or other constructed works
15、 are supported on the earth by foundation.建筑物或其它的结构造物是由土地上的基础支撑的。12The word foundation may mean the earth itself ,something placed in or the earth to provide support ,or a combination of the earth and the elements placed on it.“foundation”这个词或者是指土地本事，或者是插入在土地以上提供支撑的物体或者是指土地和立于其上的物体的合称。13The sizes of
16、 footings are determined by dividing the loads to be imposed at the base of footings by the allowable bearing pressure which can be imposed on the soil or rock of the earth.基础座的尺寸是由可施加在基础底部的荷载除以地基土和岩石能够承担的容许支撑力来确定的。14Underpinning of foundation is of ten necessary, and it may either remedial or preca
17、utionary. Remedial underpinning is used to correct defects in existing foundation which may have settle excessively.补救型或预防型的地基托换通常是有必要的。补救型地基托换用在纠正基础过度沉降的缺陷。15When the new bearing stratum reached, forms and placed in the pit, and concrete is pared from the new bearing stratum up within 3-in(76-mm) o
18、f the bottom of the old footing.当到达新的承压层时模板被安置在基坑里，从新的承压层以上向旧的基础底部以下三英寸空间，向上浇灌 76MM 厚的混凝土。16After the new concrete has hardened, the 3-in(76mm) space is packed hand with a mixture of sand, cement and a small amount of water.在三英寸空间新浇灌的混凝土硬化后靠砂，水泥和少量的水的混合物压紧 76mm 的混凝土。17Called grout, the mixture is pa
19、cked very tightly into space between the top of the new footing and the underside of the old footing.所谓的泥浆，即混合物被压实紧密，送到新基础顶部和旧基础下部之间三英寸空间里的混合物被紧密压实。18All tall buildings were built with a skeleton of until World War 2.在二次世界大战前，所有的高层建筑都是采用钢结构。19In New York city, the Columbia Broadcasting system. Build
20、ing, designed by Eero Saarinen in 1962, from column center.在纽约城由 Eero Saarinen 于 1962 年设计的哥伦比亚广播系统大楼有一个由 5 英尺（1.5 米）宽相邻柱的中心距为 10 英尺（3 米）的混凝土柱组成的环形墙。20Reinforced concrete has steel bars that are placed in a concrete member to carry tensile forces. These reinforcing bars, which range in diameter from 0.25inch(0.64cm) to 2.25inches(5.7cm).have wrinkles on many countries.钢筋混凝土由置于到混凝土中的钢筋承担拉力。这些钢筋直径在 0.25 英尺（0.64cm）和 2.25 英尺（5.7cm）之间，表面有刻痕以确保粘住混凝土。
