1、个 性 化 教 学 设 计 教 案年级： 学科：英语 课时：2 学生姓名：田岑彦课题名称完型填空 授课教师：彭 果教学目标掌握本节课老师所讲技巧教学重难点灵活运用本节课所讲技巧教学过程高一英语 完形填空 完形填空的命题特征：1、文章短，挖空多。 高考考纲要求文章在 200-250 个词的短文中留出 20 个空白，所以要求学生在平 常做题和老师选题时要注意对文章字数的限制。2、情景意义选择为主，语法选择填空为辅。 3、短文内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。4、单词填空为主，短语或词组的整体填空为辅。5、逻辑性强，实词为主，虚词为辅。6、保留提示句。 考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义
2、的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用 3、固定搭配 4、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 5、逻辑推理和生活常识 完形填空解题步骤：通览 -试填-复核 1、通览- 速度全文，把握大意: 快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等 2、试填- 紧扣文意，瞻前顾后: 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑 3、复核- 全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确:
3、试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。完形填空解题技巧之词语同现某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的倾向性， 叫词语同现， 也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系， 或者同类互补关系等， 如 different 与 same; cruel 与friendly; death (死亡)与 destruction(毁灭); ill 与 pale, patient, nurse, doctor, operation 等。一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话题， 与此相关的词就可能会共同出现， 以实现语篇衔接。词语同
4、现又分为场所同现、修饰同现、因果同现、结构同现和同义(反义) 同现。了解词语同现， 对正确解答完形填空题很有帮助。(1)场所同现。(2)修饰同现。(3)因果同现。(4)结构同现。(5)同义(反义) 同现。典型例析1. These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows_and pale.Asick Bslim Cshort DsmallOn _days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.Asunny Brainy Ccloudy Dsnowy2.That is what a h
5、obby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the _of it. The value in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us.Abenefit Bgood Cfun Dinterest3Before leaving, I had turned the heater on in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and
6、_.Aneat Bhot Cwarm Dattractive完形填空解题技巧之词语复现词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现(又叫同根词复现) 、同义或近义词复现(包括与近义词的同根词复现， 如 ill 与 sickness)、上下义词复现(即总括与分述， 如 animal 是 sheep, tiger, wolf 等的上义词； rose 是 flower 的下义词) 等。了解词语复现这种衔接手段， 有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。词语复现包括原词复现、同义词、近义词复现、反义词复现、同源(同根) 词复现和上下义词复现。(1)原词复现。为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。(2)同
7、义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。(3)反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。(4)同源(同根) 词复现。对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。典型例析1Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts
8、of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女) Not all of these _are the friendly, people loving characters that appear in Disney films, and.Ababies Bbelievers Cfairies Dsupermen2. On 27 February 2008, something unusual happened in Britain; there was a rather lar
9、ge earthquake. It was the _UK earthquake in 25 years.Abiggest B loudest Cdeadliest Dscariest3. Most people believe they dont have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has _ but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to make use of it.Acreativity Bmemory Cimagination Dlimitation4. When h
10、e arrived at his fathers house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week. He was about to leave for (去；前往) the _when he saw.Acity Bhospital Cfactory Duniversity5. We went into a big shop, but Tony was very particular about _.Although I tried to show him toy after toy, he was not t
11、o be pleased.Asweets Btoys Cclothes Dbooks6. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors，_who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on later.Aparents Bstudents Cteachers Ddrivers完形填空解题技巧之逻辑推理根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案，主要包括因
12、果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件与结果的关系等。逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连句手段，主要有： 1.词(包括连词、副词和少数介词)，如 and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite 等；2.短语，如 in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of 等；3.分句和独立结构，如 that is to say, what is more
13、, all things considered 等。逻辑关系语对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。典型例析My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though_， he still went to the cinema.Aexcited Bhurt Clate Dtir
14、edWe must help people to find houses outside the city, but equally, we must remember that some city people want to _where they are.Afind Bhide Cremain DleaveOur father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was special. He never criticized us, but used _to bring out our best.Ahelp Bpeace Csmi
15、le DpraiseSome parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very_.Adeep Bhigh Ccold Ddangerous完形填空解题技巧之背景常识将文段意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来， 进行简单推理， 从而得出正确答案。事实上， 该技巧与“逻辑推理”常常交织在一起的， 因为虽有背景常识， 仍需简单推理； 逻辑推理离不开背景常识。典型例析(Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to t
16、he _hospital.Aanimal Bbiggest Cplant DnearestIt had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident, she was suddenly thrown into a world of_.Aweakness B sickness Cdarkness Dsadness.the girl was able to lead her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to_.Afly
17、Brace Cswim DsingEvery morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the papers to_.Acheck Bread Ckeep Dsign Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. They are very busy working to support the family. They dont act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I s
18、ee on TV._flowers to each other on Valentines Day is even more out of the question.ATaking BPassing CBuying DSending完形填空解题技巧之前后搭配主要指动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配及句式搭配等。完形填空中主要考查动宾搭配。能不能搭配， 除涉及词语的用法外， 还需结合常识来判断。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。(1)动介搭配。根据动词与其后介词的搭配关系来选择一个恰当的动词。(2)动宾搭配。根据动词与其宾语是否可以搭配、
19、在意义上是否符合逻辑或常识来确定选用哪个动词。(3)句式搭配。根据句式或句型的搭配来确定填哪一个词。(4)习语搭配。根据习惯用语的固定搭配来确定正确选项。典型例析On Saturdays or Sundays some people may_most of their time washing and repairing their cars.Acost Bget Cspend DuseI did not realize that I had_a mistake until I finished my coffee and was ready to leave.Aspelt Bcorrecte
20、d Cmade DfoundBy writing down words, we can remember what has happened or_messages to people far away.Asend Bbring Cpush DgetAfter a few minutes he came out again，_for his meal and left.Apaid Btook Cspent DcostThey have to_themselves ready for all kinds of exams and tests in school.Amake Bhave Cget
21、DletJoe wanted a computer. He asked his parents for the money and they said he must get it by himself. But how did he get it? He about this when he walked home.Asaid Btold Cthought Dspoke课后作业I have tried many ways to be 1 . I dont wear a sweater when I 2 , and two days ago I walked in the 3 without
22、my shoes. But so far nothing 4 . Debbie once told me about a boy in her class who liked 5 school. He would rub(摩擦) the end of the thermometer (温度计) until it went 6 to 39. Then hed put it in his mouth and his mother would think he was 7 ill.This morning I tried doing that but it 8 went above 35 and I
23、 rubbed it for ten 9 . So I held the thermometer 10 the light on my desk and it went up to 40. I thought Id put it in my mouth and walk downstairs like that. 11 my mother would take it out and she would be 12 when she saw that I was rather ill.The only trouble was I didnt know the thermometer would
24、be so 13 , As soon as I put it into my mouth I burnt my tongue(舌头)! I spit (吐) the thermometer out. It fell 14 the floor but it 15 .1. A . well B. fine C. ill D. bad 2. A . could B. should C. must D. might3. A . water B. rain C. sun D. wind4. A . happens B. happened C. will happen D. has happened5.
25、A . being away from B. Leaving C. staying at D. being out of6. A . on B. down C. up D. off7. A . really B. real C. bad D. badly8. A . cant B. not C. never D. didnt9. A . seconds B. hours C. minutes D. moments10. A . near B. near to C. next D. next to11. A . When B. Then C. So D. If12. A . worried B.
26、 surprised C. happy D. frightened13. A . cold B. hot C. warm D. cool14. A . off B. down C. to D. on15. A . didnt break B. didnt broke C. wasnt broken D. was broken15. A . didnt break B. didnt broke C. wasnt broken D. was brokenD. was brokenThe computer plays an important part in our everyday life. I
27、t is one of the great _1_ in the world in the _2_ century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, _3_ at schools. Today it is used _4_ many ways. It really _5_ the world large wealth (财富) and happiness.The first computer in the world was _6_ Enid. It was built in America in
28、1946. It was _7_ and heavy. _8_ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone _9_ four periods（时期，阶段）and changed a lot. Therere many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more _10_.The computer can do
29、 most of the things _11_ the people. It can help us to _12_ about the real world more quickly, to learn _13_ we want to learn and to think _14_ ourselves. _15_ a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.1. A. inventions B. discoveries C. robots D. inventors2. A. twenty-first B.
30、twenties C. twelfth D. twentieth3. A. also B. but also C. too D. either4. A. in B. to C. by D. over 5. A. takes B. helps C. gets D. brings 6. A. found B. invented C. called D. bought 7. A. easy B. small C. large D. light8. A. For B. Until C. When D. Since9. A. by B. across C. through D. against 10.A. serious B. harmful. C. dangerous D. helpful 11.A. for B. to C. at D. with 12.A. set B. tell C. know D. talk 13.A. what B. that C. which D. who 14.A. of B. about C. out D. for 15.A. For B. Be C. As D. To
