1、历年英语四级名词题解析名词是大学英语四级考试中对词汇考查的重要内容之一。因为名词在大学英语基本词汇中所占比例很大，而且英语名词的同义词和近义词很多，所以对名词考查的主要项目是名词意义辨析，此外还有名词与介词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配，以及名词的单复数等。下面是近几年来大学英语四级考试涉及名词的真题解析。1These books, which you can get at any bookshop，will give you _ you need.A)all the information B)all the informations C)all of information D)all of t
2、he informations（2000.6.CET-4 第 22 题）2The clothes a person wears may express his _ or social position.A)Curiosity B)status C)determination D)significance（2006CET4 第 28 题)3. Niagara Falls is a great tourist _, drawing millions of visitors every year.A)attention B)attraction C)appointment D)arrangement
3、（2001CET-4 第 42 题)4A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _.A)nuisance B)trouble C)Worry D)anxiety（20006CET-4 第 69 题)5When people become unemployed, it is_ often worse than lack of wages.A)laziness B)poverty C)idleness D)inability（19996CET-第 54 题)6Some people would like to
4、 do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _ in the market.A) batteries B)bargains C)baskets D)barrels（1999.6.CET-4 第 59 题）7In previous times，when fresh meat was in short _，pigeons were kept by many households as a source of foodA)store B)provision C)reserve D)supply（19996CET-4 第
5、 61 题）8The tomato juice left a brown _ on the front of my jacket.A)track B)trace C)spot D)point（19991CET-4 第 59 题）9My father seemed to be in no _ to look at my school report.A)feeling B)attitude C)emotion D)mood（19991CET-4 第 63 题）10He gives people the impression _ all his life abroadA)of having spen
6、t B)to hay spent C)of being spent D)to spend（19986GET-4 第 46 题）11A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial _ A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance（1998.6CET-4 第 47 题）12. Does everyone on earth have an equal right _ an equal share of its resources?A)by B)at C)to D)over(1998.6.CET-4 第 55
7、题)13. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no _ to the health service.A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access(1998.6.CET-4 第 63 题)14. Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong _ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.A) motiv
8、ation B) perspective C) impression D) impact(1998.6.CET-4 第 65 题)15. The manager spoke highly of such _ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics(1998.1.CET-4 第颗 7 题)16. Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are
9、 not working to their full _.A) capacity B) strength C) length D) possibility(1997.6.CET-4 第 35 题)17. The newspaper did not mention the _ of the damage caused by the fire.A) range B) level C) extent D) quantity(1997.6.CET-4 第 40 题)18. The traditional approach _ with complex problems is to break them
10、 down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A) to dealing B) in dealing C) dealing D) to deal(1996.6.CET-4 第 33 题)19Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _.A)intention B)attempt C)purpose D)desire(1996.6.CET-4 第 36 题)20. L
11、ightning is a _ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.A) rush B) rainbow C) rack D) ribbon(1996.6.CET-4 第 44 题)21. I caught a _ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A) vision B) glimpse C) look D) scene(1996.6.CET-4 第 50 题)22. The
12、manager lost his _ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A) mood B) temper C)mind D) passion（19967.1.CET-4 第 39 题）（解析）1.译文 这些书会提供你所需要的所有信息，它们可以在任何书店买到。答案A) all the information解析information 是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故 B)、D) 本身是错误的。又因为 all of 后面接不可数名词时，名词前须有定冠词，C)也不可选。只能选 A)。2.译文 一个人的衣着可以表示他的身份或社会地位。答案B
13、)status解析A)curiosity 好奇心，求知欲；B)status 身份，地位；C)determination 决心；D)significance 意义，重要性。根据题意应选 B)。另外，or 后面的 social position 实际上是对前面并列的 status 的解释，也是一个重要的选项线索。 3译文尼亚加拉瀑布是一个令人向往 的旅游胜地，每年都吸引数以百万的游客。答案B)attraction解析A)attraction 意为“注意；B) at traction 意思是“具有吸引力的人或物”，可引申为“胜地”；C)appointment 意为“约会；D)arrangement
14、意为“安排 ”。根据句意，正确的答案是B)。尼亚加拉瀑布是一处“旅游点”，而不是一种“ 出游安排 ”。故不能选 D)。4译文 大量的蚂蚁老是进入我的厨房，蚂蚁是非常令人讨厌的东西。答案 A)nuisance解析 A)nuisance 意为“令人讨厌的人（东西，情况等） ”（a person，thing or situation that annoys you or causes problems） ；B）trouble 意为“麻烦，苦恼”（problems that make something difficult, spoil your plan, make you worry，etc )；
15、C)worry 意为“担心，发愁”；D)anxiety 意为“焦虑” ，与 worry 意义相近。蚂蚁是“令人讨厌的东西”，而不是“问题，难题(problem)”，更不是 “担忧”， “焦虑”等。故 A)是正确答案。5译文当人们失业时，无所事事比失去工资更糟糕。答案C)idleness解析A) laziness 懒惰；B)poverty 贫穷；C)idleness 无事可干，闲待；Dinability 无能力，无办法。失业引起的什么状况比失去工资更糟糕呢？不可能是 poverty，更不可能是laziness 或 inability，因为失业本身就可能意味着贫穷，而懒惰和无能是某些人的本性，不是
16、失业引起的。所以是 C)idleness。6译文有些人喜欢星期天去购物，因为他们希望在市场买到物美价廉的货物。答案B)bargains解析A)batteries 电池；B)bargains 便宜的东西，廉价货； C)baskets 篮子，筐；D)barrels 桶。根据句意：“ 人们喜欢星期天去购物， ”自然是希望买到好的、便宜的东西，便宜的东西是泛指。A)、C)、D) 均指具体的物品，与原句句意不符。正确答案是 B)。7译文在过去，当鲜肉短缺时，许多家庭靠养鸽子作为食物的来源。答案D)supply解析A)store 意为“ 储存的东西” 或“商店”，短语 in store 的意思是“存储备用
17、”。B)provision 意为“ 提供，供应”，常与 of 搭配，但没有 in short provision 这样的搭配。C)reserve 意为“储备物，储量”，in reserve 的意思是“留待后用 ”。D)supply 意为“供应，供应量”，短语 in short supply 是“供应短缺”的意思。根据原句句意，D)是答案。8译文番茄汁在我上衣的前襟上留下 褐色斑点。答案C)spot解析A)track 行踪，小径，轨道；B)trace 踪迹，足迹，痕迹；C)spot 斑点，污点，地 点；D)point 点。根据以上辨析，C)符合题意。9译文我父亲似乎没有心情看我的学习成绩单。答案
18、mood解析be in the mood/no mood to do something 是固定氨基酸表示”有（没有)做 的心情”。根据题意，只有 D）符合题意要求。 其他三个名词都不能形成 be in no搭配。10译文他给人的印象是他这一辈子都是在国外生活的。答案A)of having spent解析 名词 impression 后要接 of 而不是 to，故先可排除 B)和 D)；另外，根据常见搭配spend ones life，故应用主动形式，所以 A)是正确答案。11.译文 独特的尖下巴是他最令人难忘的面部特征。答案B)feature解析 注意原句中的两个形容词： memorable
19、（令人难忘的）和 facial（面部的） 。然后再从四个选项中挑出可以被“令人难忘”和“ 面部的”修饰的名词。四个名词的意义分别是：A）mark 标记，记号；B ）feature 特征；C ）trace 痕迹，踪迹；D ）appearance 外貌，外表。唯 有 B）最合题意。12.译文 对于地球的资源，地球上的每 一个人是否都享有同等的权利？答案C)to解析 本题是要求选择一适当介词， 与名词 right 搭配，四个介词中只有 to 可以。 “have a（the)right to sth ”意为“ （享有) 的权利” 。13译文据估计，三分之一以上的人口 没有享受到保健服务。答案D)acc
20、ess解析 本题要求在空白处，填入一个 名词与后面的介词构成搭配。选项中 4 个名词的意义分别是：A)assessment 评价，估价，评定； B)assignment 分配，委派，指定的作业，任务；C)exception 例外，除 以外；D)access 接近的机会，利用 的权力。Have access to sth意为“享用，使用”等；D)是正确答案。14译文泰勒教授的谈话已表明，科学 已对科学家以及非科学家的日常生活产生了很大的影响。答案D)impact解析A)motivation 动机；B)perspective 看法，观点，观察，前景； C)impression 印象；Dimpact
21、 影响，冲击。根据辨析可见，选项 Dimpact 符合题意要求。15译文经理高度赞扬他的雇员表现 出来的诸如忠诚、勇气和坦率等美德。答案A)virtues解析 四个名词的意义分别是：Avirtues 美德；Bfeatures 特征；Cproperties 特性，财产；Dcharacteristics（性格等方面的)特征。原句中 loyalty（忠诚)，courage（勇气) 和truthfulness（诚实) 等词都属于“美德”的范畴，A)是正确答案。16译文不外出上班的家庭主妇们往往觉得没能充分发挥自己的能力。答案A)capacity解析四个名词的意义分别是：A)capacity 能力，才能
22、，B)strength 力量，C)length 长度，D)possibility 可能性。根据题意，选项 A)是正确答案。选项 B)Strength 的干扰性最强。strength 指的是人的“ 力气，体力” ，也可以指人或团体的“ 实力” ，本题表达的是要发挥能力，而不是施展力气。17译文报纸没有报导这次大火造成的损坏程度。答案C)extent解析A)range“范围，区域”，表示可以达到或探测到的最大范围（the maximum area in which it can reach things or detect things） ；B ）level“ 水平，程度”，指一个量表或序列中的位
23、置（a position in a scale or rank） ；C）extent“程度，the extent of the damage 意为“ 损失的程度”；D）quantity“数量”；根据本题句意，要表示的不是火灾的范围，水平和数量，而是火灾造成的损坏程度，C)是正确答案。18译文处理复杂问题的传统方法是将其分解为更小、更容易解决的问题。答案A)to dealing解析名词 approach 作“途径，方法，通路”解时，与介词 to 构成“approach to+名词（动名词)” 结构，表示“解决的方法；进入途径”等。19译文雪莉为生物学考试做了精心准备，以便有把握地一次通过。答案B
24、)attempt解析A)intention 意图，意向；B)attempt 试图，努力；C)purpose 目的，意图；D)desire 愿望，欲望。B)attempt 符合题意要求。20译文闪电是从云层到地面或从云层到云层的一股电流的急促运动。答案A)rush解析A)rush 急促的动作；突击，冲击（rapid headlong movement sudden swift)，electrical current 可以与 rush 搭配使用，A)是正确答案。B)rainbow“ 彩虹”；C)rack“行李架，隔板”；D)ribbon“ 丝带，锻”，均不符合题意。21译文那辆出租车在街道拐角处消
25、失之前我瞥了它一眼。答案Bglimpse解析Avision“ 视力，洞察力（ power of seeing or imaging） ”；B ）glimpse “一瞥（quick，imperfect view of something/somebody） ”，catch a glimpse of（瞥见) ，这是一固定搭配；C)look“外观，脸色（appearance)；D)scene“景象（view，something seen)”，因此 B)是正确答案。22译文仅仅因为秘书迟到了 10 分钟，经理就发脾气了。答案Btemper解析A)mood“心情、情绪”；B)temper “脾气、情绪”
26、，lose ones temper 意为“ 发脾气、生气”；C)mind“头脑，精神，理智”，lose ones mind 意为“发疯，发狂；D）passion“强烈的感情，热情”。根据以上分析，选项 B）符合题意。CET4 语法结构、词汇考点及应试策略一、大纲要求 最新大学英语教学大纲(1999)对四级语法的要求是： “巩固和加深基本语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。 ”大纲对四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200 单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为 2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组 1600 条(中学所掌握的词和词组均包括在内)，并且有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。 ”二、四级
27、语法结构与词汇考查内容 四级考试对语法词汇的考查与大纲要求是十分一致的。综观近年来的四级考试题，我们不难发现四级考试语法词汇部分是这样体现大纲的。1.语法考题的涉及面宽 近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类，三种动词的非谓语形式，名词从句，形容词从句，副词从句，独立主格，一致，倒装，强调等基本语法知识。2.语法考试的重点突出 语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。3.具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法， 不常用的情况 1)虚拟语气的考点为：would rather+that 从句+一般过去时：It is vital/neces
28、sary/important/urgent/imperative/desirable/advisable/natural/essential+that+动词原形；It is time/about time/high time+that+一般过去时：proposal/suggestion+that+动词原形；lest+that+should+动词原形；if only+that+would+动词原形。 2)状语从句的考点为：非 if 引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用 at times，provided ，so long as，incase，once 等来替代 if；由 even if/so，now
29、 that，for all 等引导的让步状语从句；just/hardlywhen 引导的时间状语从句；more than，asas ，not so much as，the same as，as much as 等引导的比较状语从句。 3)独立主格结构多以逻辑主语分词的形式出现。 4)情态动词多与完成时形式连用。 5)定语从句重点考查介词关系代词(which)和 as 作为关系代词。4.词汇的考查重点为 1)动词，名词与介词的搭配如：popular/patient+with；yield/solution/adapt/transfer/access+to；accuse/require+of；cha
30、rge+for；under+discussion 等等。 2)习惯用法如：confess to/set about/be used to+doing；be supposed to/have/make sb.+do等。 3)由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break 等构成的短语。 4)单个的动词，抽象名词，形容词和副词多以近义词、同义词的形式出现。 5)介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain 等，另外还应注意 rather than，other than，such as ，none/nothing+but 等词
31、在考题中的出现。5.近年来考题中的新趋势为：若干考点混合出现：一些交际用语也时常出现在考题中。最新大学英语教学大纲(1999)对四级语法的要求是： “巩固和加深基本语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。 ”大纲对四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握 4200 单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为 2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组 1600 条(中学所掌握的词和词组均包括在内)，并且有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。 ” CET 考生须知 关于证件和答题考生有效证件 参加考试时考生一律要带身份证或学校发的考试证，同时还必须带好准考证。 准考证号 准考证号以学校为单位，按 6 位数字编排。答题纸填写
32、方法 答题纸（包括学校代号和准考证号）一律用铅笔填写； 在相应字母或数字的中部划一条横线，横线的长度不要超出方括号； 划线要有一定的粗度，浓度要盖过所印字母底色；切勿用尖而细的铅笔轻轻划线； 如要更正，一定要用橡皮擦干净，不留黑污； 注意不要划错行。例如，不要把第 6 题的答题划到第 5 题或第 7 题上去； 学校代号和准考证号一定要划写正确； 因划线不合要求而产生的机器阅卷差错由考生本人负责。 考试违纪处理 对作弊的考生，由总主考会同学校主考按教育部（原国家教育委员会）高等教育司 1994 年发出的 “大学英语四、六级考试作弊和违纪处理办法（试行） ”的要求进行处理，考试中心对作弊考生的成绩
33、一律按 0 分处理，由学校对违纪考生和违纪人员作出相应处分。 成绩和证书 考试成绩 大学英语考试成绩报道采用以百分制为形式的正态分制，60 分为合格，85 分为优秀； 大学英语考试只报导总分； 各考试中心在考试后 50 天内将成绩寄给参加考试的学校； 如考生对本人的成绩有疑问，可凭本人准考证及学校教务处证明向有关考试中心提出查询，并交纳人工查询费。 合格证书 大学英语考试合格者发给教育部高等教育司印制的证书，证书上注明“合格”或“优秀”； 凡遗失证书者，在证书发放日起 4 年内可由原所在学校教务处出具证明，向所属考试中心申请补发由考试委员会办公室统一印制的“CET 考试合格证明” ，不再补发证
34、书，申请者交纳工本费。超过 4 年，不再补发 CET 考试合格证明。2004 年 6 月四级 A 卷真题原文Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be s
35、poken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example: You will hear.You will rea
36、d:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office“ is the best answ
37、er. You should choose A on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer A B C D1. A) The man saw Mark on the street two months ago. B) The woman had forgotten Marks phone number.C) The woman made a phone call to Mark yesterday.D) Mark and the woman had not been in
38、 touch for some time. 2. A) The man is late for the trip because he is busy. B) The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person. C) The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D) The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.3. A) At 10:30. B) At 10:25. C) At 10:40. D) At 10:45.4. A)
39、The man no longer smokes. B) The man is under pressure from his wife.C) The man usually follows his wifes advice.D) The man refuses to listen to his doctors advice.5. A) Move to a big city. B) Become a teacher. C) Go back to school. D) Work in New York.6. A) Quit delivering flowers. B) Work at a res
40、taurant. C) Bring her flowers every day. D) Leave his job to work for her.7. A) She can find the right person to help the man.B) She can help the man out. C) Shes also in need of a textbook.D) She picked up the book from the bus floor.8. A) The man was confused about the date of the appointment.B) T
41、he man wants to change the date of the appointment.C) The man is glad hes got in touch with the doctor.D) The man cant come for the appointment at 4:15.9. A) The two speakers are at a loss what to do.B) The man is worried about his future.C) The two speakers are seniors at college. D) The woman regr
42、ets spending her time idly.10. A) She has learned a lot from the novel.B) She also found the plot difficult to follow.C) She usually has difficulty remembering names.D) She can recall the names of most characters in the novel.Section B Compound DictationThe Library of Congress is Americas national l
43、ibrary. It has millions of books and other objects. It has newspapers, (S1) publications as well as letters of (S2) interest. It also has maps, photographs, art (S3) , movies, sound recordings and musical (S4) . All together, it has more than 100 million objects.The Library of Congress is open to th
44、e public Monday through Saturday, except for public holidays. Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5) to take books out of the building. The Library of Congress was (S6) in 1800. It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol Building. By 1814, t
45、he collection had increased to about 3,000 books. They were all (S7) that year when the Capitol was burned down during Americas war with Britain.To help re-build the library, Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Jeffersons collection included 7,000 books in seven languages.(S
46、8) . Today, three buildings hold the librarys collection.(S9) . It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. It also gets materials through its copyright office. (S10) . This means the Library of Congress receives almost everything that is published in the United States. Part II Reading Compr
47、ehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a
48、 single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious ( 勤勤恳恳的 ) way you do your job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesnt ensure career adv
