1、TUNGSTEN,SOME APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS,WHAT IS TUNGSTEN?,Is a metallic element from group 6,Atomic number 74Relative atomic mass 183,9,PROPERTIES,Pure tungsten is steel-gray to tin-white and is a hard metal Exists in several minerals, including:,Wolframite(Fe,Mn)WO4,Scheelite CaWO4,NOTABLE CHARACTE
2、RISTICS,Tungsten is the metal with:,the highest melting point (3422C or 6192F)the highest density(equal to that of gold)the lowest vapor pressure,Tungsten metallurgy (Powder metallurgy),Two Steps,1. Compaction:Tungsten powder is consolidated by pressing,2. Sintering the compacted material is subject
3、ed to heat treatment in order to increase the strength and approach theoretical density,Due to its high melting point,IMPORTANT ASPECTS,Tungsten is not easy to work,HIGHMELTING POINT,HARDNESS,RESISTANCE TODEFORMATION,because of its,It is possible to combine the useful properties of tungsten with oth
4、er elementsTungsten compounds with metallic and nonmetallic elements have significant commercial interest,CONSUMPTION OF TUNGSTEN,FOUR MAJOR FORMS:,Tungsten Carbide Cemented Carbides Tungsten Alloys Pure Tungsten Tungsten-Based Chemicals,WIRE FORM:,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Lighting,Electronic Device
5、s,Thermocouples (temperature sensors),APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Tungsten Alloys are important in many fields,High-Temperature Technology,Lighting,Electronics,Medicine,Aviation,Military Uses,Sports,Cemented Carbides (Hardmetals) are used in:,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Filaments inIncandescent Lamps,APPL
6、ICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Filaments inHalogen Lamps,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Electrodes inFluorescent Lamps,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Electrodes in High Intensity Discharge Lamps,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Electrodes inXenon Arc Lamps,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Electrical Contacts forHigh-Frequency SwitchingC
7、ar Horn ContactsHigh-Voltage SwitchesVoltage Regulators,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,TV TubesElectron Tubes,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Filaments for Magnetrons(microwave ovens),Filaments of Transmission ScanningElectron Microscopes,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Metal Evaporation Industries,X-ray Tubes and Targ
8、ets,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTENWelding Applications -GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) uses a tungsten electrode,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Turbines Blades and Wear-Resistant Parts and Coatings,Automotive IndustryEngine Parts and Transmission Machining,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Rock Drilling and Mining Tool
9、s,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Hardmetals tools or Indexable Inserts in Hardmetal for Industrial Use such as Milling and Turning Tools,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Dental Instruments,Tools for the Machining of Printed Circuit Boards,Tungsten is used as an Interconnect Material in Integrated Circuits.,APPLIC
10、ATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Smart GlassGlass with Light-Control Technology,High-density Applications(Aerodynamic Control),APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Pen Balls,Inorganic Pigments,Tail Ballast forCommercial Aircraft,Space Aviation,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Military Ammunition,CeramicGlasses,KE weapon (kinetic ene
11、rgy penetrator) ammunition which uses kinetic energy to penetrate the target.,APPLICATIONS OF TUNGSTEN,Catalytic converter for reducingtoxic emissions(Waste incineration, thermal power plants,industrial processes),Research and developement in tungsten technologies mark a important advantage in many
12、fields.,This is important due to the demand for economic competitiveness of the industries today.,It is necessary to:,improve processes that use the minimum of resources,use energy in a more efficient and effective manner,The following facts must be taken into account:,Growth of Population(+ standar
13、d of living),Depletion of Resources,Pollution,Environmental Problems,Energy Waste Results in Light Pollution,Quality lighting can reduce:,ElectricityConsumption,Carbon DioxideEmissions,Fossil FuelsConsumption,How Does Tungsten Help The Environment?,Tungsten improves the efficiency of light sources:,
14、Modern lampshave higher,BENEFITS,Tungsten increases the lifetime of tools and wear parts:,Influencing their,Hardness Toughness Strength Corrosion Resistance Water Resistance,Improving the efficiencyof the industries,Save Resources Reduce the Environmental Impact,BENEFITS,Tungsten improved the effici
15、ency of motor engines:,Modern engines have,Wear resistance,Level of corrosionprotection,Performance,HIGHER,LOWER,Fuel consumption,Emission of air contaminants,Save More Energy Environmental Protection,BENEFITS,This is important for preserving the environment,Tungsten is used as catalytic converter f
16、or reducing toxic emissions,It is the mostadvanced treatmentfor air pollution,Air pollution control problems,BENEFITS,Tungsten is used to produce alternative fuels( Fischer-Tropsch synthesis),This process converts carbon monoxide and hydrogen into a synthetic petroleum substitute use as synthetic fuel or synthetic lubricant oil,Preserve Fossil Fuels Reduce Pollution,BENEFITS,Tungsten provides the solutions for construction of tomorrows world.,Its innovative and future-proof solutions lay the basis for profitable growth.,
