1、 Geoffrey Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship( Geoffrey) 第 1 页 (共 3 页) Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship 1. add vt.& vi. 增加;添加;补充说 教材原句 P1: Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分数加起来看看你能得多少分 。 应试指导 add 非谓语动词作定语或状语的考查 (1)add up sth/add sth up 把 加起来 add up to 加起来等于;总计 (不用于被动语态 ) add to 增加;增添 add sth to st
2、h 把 加到 /进 里 add that 补充说 (2)addition n. 加,增加;附加 in addition to 除了 外 (还 ) (3)additionally adv. 除此之外 (1)Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起 。 (2)The heavy rain added to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people. 大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难 。 (3)“Chinas space program will not stop at the moon, ” added
3、Sun Huixian, a senior Chinese space official.“Our target is deep space.” 一位中国资深太空官员孙辉先补充说 : “中国的太空项目不会止步于月球 , 中国的目标是外太空 。 ” (4)Would you like to add some milk to your coffee? 你想在咖啡里加些 牛奶吗 ? (5)The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea. 船
4、只马达失灵了 , 且恶劣的天气增加了全体船员的无助感 。 2. upset adj.心烦意乱的 ; 不安的 ; 不适的 ; vt.使不安 ; 使心烦 ; 弄翻 ; 打翻 ; 打乱 ; 扰乱 (计划等 ) 教材原句 P1: Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友来上学时很心烦 。 (1)be/get upset about/over/at sth.为某事烦心 be upset that clause 让人不安 (2)upset a plan/an arrangement 打乱计划 /安排 (3)It upsets sb that/to do st
5、h 让某人心烦的是 / 做某事让某人心烦 It upsets sb.that. 让 某人心烦的是 (4) upset sb 使某人心烦意乱 (2014山东卷写作 )Once I was not very good at English.I didnt know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which really made me upset. 我曾经不擅长英语 , 词汇掌握少 , 语法也差 , 这使我确实伤心 。 Dont upset yourself about itno harm has been done. 不要为那事烦恼 , 没
6、有造成损失 。 名师指津 (1)upset 充当形容词时常用作表语,不能作定语。 (2)upset 的过去式和过去分词形式仍为 upset;其现在分词形式为 upsetting。 3. ignore v (to know about something but not do anything about it)不顾,不理,忽视 4. calm vt.& vi. (to make calm or still; to become quiet or calm)使镇静;平静下来 adj.沉着的,镇静的; (of weather) free from storm or wind(天气、海洋等 )平静的
7、 教材原句 P1: You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down. 你不理会上课铃 , 而是去安静的地方安慰你的朋友 。 Geoffrey Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship( Geoffrey) 第 2 页 (共 3 页) remain/stay/keep/be calm 保持镇静 calm(sb.) down (使某人 )平静下来 , 镇静下来 He kept calm in face of great danger, which surprised us all. 面临巨大
8、危险 , 他还是保持镇静 , 这使我们非常吃惊 。 (2014安徽卷满分作文 )In my opinion, such wonderful things will calm you down easily and give you the courage to move on.依我看来 , 这么美好的东西使你更容易冷静 , 给你前进的勇气 。 辨析: calm, quiet, silent 与 still calm 平静的,沉着的,指无风浪或人的心情不激动 quiet 宁静的,安静的;指没有声 音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑 silent 寂静的,沉默的;指不说话或没有声音 still 静止的
9、,不动的;指 (人体等 )无运动的 5. concern vt. 使 担忧;涉及;关系到; n.担心;关注; 利害 关系 应试指导 过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别 1 concerned adj. 作表语或前置定语 担心的;忧虑的;感兴趣的; 后置定语 有关的,涉及的;参与的 as far as sb.be concerned 就某人而言 be concerned about/for concern oneself about/for 对 担心 /关心 be concerned with sb./sth. concern oneself with sb./sth. 与 有关 2 co
10、ncerning prep.关于 (1)adj. be concerned about/for关心 ; 挂念as far as one be concerned就 而言be concerned with/in与 有关 ; 参与(2)n. Its none of your concern.这不关你的事show/express concern about/for对 表示关心 /担心(3)vt. concern oneself about/for担忧 /关心 concern oneself with从事 , 参与 (4)concerning prep.关于 ; 有关 (1)The breaking
11、of a taboo is usually upsetting or embarrassing for the person concerned and the people around him or her. 打破禁忌经常会令与他 /她有关的人和周围的人生气或尴尬 。 (2015湖南师大附中 期末 ) (2)China shouldnt be concerned about the short term, but must focus on the long term growth of the country. 中国不应该关注短期 (发展 )而是必须把精力集中在国家的长期发展上 。 温馨
12、提示 (1)concern 用作名词,表示 “关怀,关心 ”时是不可数名词,而表示 “对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事 ”时是可数名词。 (2)concerned 是形容词,用作前置定语时,意思是 “担心的 ”;用作后置定语时,意为 “有关的,涉及的 ”。 (3)concerning 为介词,意为 “关于 (relating to)”。 联想发散 as/so far as sb. be concerned 的同义表达: in one s opinion/view from one s point of view personally (speaking) 6.power n 能力;力量;权力;动力;
13、 v.给 (车辆或机器 )提供动力 应试指导 在谚语中的应用 come to/into power 掌权;上台 in ones power 在某人的掌控中 do all/everything in ones power do ones best 尽力而为;竭尽全力 (1)As a saying goes, knowledge is power. 俗话说 , 知识就是力量 。 (2)Ever since that political congress coming to power last year took many effective measures to Geoffrey Book 1
14、 Unit 1 Friendship( Geoffrey) 第 3 页 (共 3 页) develop economy, great changes of peoples life have taken place. 自从去年执政的政治大会采取了很多有效发展经济的措施以来 , 人们的生活发生了很大变化 。 联想发散 表示 “ 竭尽全力做某事 ” 的常用表达还有: do/try one s best to do sth. make every effort to do sth. spare no effort to do sth. 7.suffer v vi.to experience (emo
15、tional) pain or put up with something or somebody unpleasant(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等 )受苦,受难,受折磨 ;患病;受损失 (to be badly affected);vt.遭受,经受 ;忍受;容忍 (experience);得 病 教材原句 P4: She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.她感到孤独 ,但她得学会喜欢住在那里 。 1 suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦 /失败 /艰难 suffer from
16、受 折磨 ,受 之苦 ;患 病 2 suffering n. (指肉体或精神上遭受的 )痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事 3 sufferer n.受害者;受难者 (1)His leg was broken and he suffered great pain. 他的腿断了 , 遭受了巨大痛苦的折磨 。 (2)This act hurt the people of all countries that once suffered from Japanese aggression and colonial rule. 这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的 各国人民感情的伤害 。 (3)He seem
17、ed to take pleasure in our suffering. 他似乎对我们的痛苦幸灾乐祸 。 (4)(2013江苏书面表达 )There is no denying that our earth is suffering severe damage. 众所周知 , 我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏 。 (5)(2015日照一模书面表达 )In the past several weeks, many cities in Northern China have been suffering from heavy fogs, causing great inconvenience to
18、people. 在过去的几个星期 , 中国北方的许多城市一直受到浓雾天气困扰 , 给人们带来了极大的不便 。 特别提醒 suffer 和 suffer from 一般不用于被动语态。 suffering n.(精神或肉体上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛,困难 温馨提示 (1)suffer 用 作 及 物 动 词 时 , 表 示 “ 受苦 / 痛 / 损失 ” , 其 后 常 跟pain/loss/punishment/hardship/defeat/hunger/poverty 等名词作宾语。 (2)suffer 用作不及物动词时,常与介词 from 连用,意为 “受 折磨;受 之苦,患 病 ”,其后 的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如: suffer from a bad cold/headaches/heart trouble/overwork/floods/droughts/a natural disaster。